Iodate reduction by marine aerobic bacteria.

Iodate reductase (Idr) gene cluster ( ) is involved in bacterial iodate (IO ) respiration under anaerobic conditions. Putative gene clusters are present in both anaerobic and aerobic bacteria; however, the specific physiological roles of genes in aerobic bacteria remain unclear. Therefore, in this study, three marine aerobic bacteria with putative gene clusters (, , and ) were grown in the presence of iodate to determine whether they can reduce iodate to iodide (I).

Development of a floating constructed wetland for landfill leachate treatment and its potential to remove recalcitrant organic matter.

The development of simple and economical treatment technologies for the removal of recalcitrant organic matter is required to achieve long-term and sustainable treatment of landfill leachates in tropical regions. In this study, we evaluated the fundamental properties required to develop the floating constructed wetland (FCW), which consists of a buoyant planting unit made of foamed glass and cattails. The results showed that foamed glass alone can be used as a planting substrate for cattails.

Draft genome sequence of sp. DVR, an actinobacterium of the family isolated from soil in Japan.

sp. strain DVR is an actinobacterium of the family isolated from soil in Japan. Here we report the draft genome sequence of strain DVR.

Identification of bacterial dissimilatory antimonate reductase AnrA: genes and proteins involved in antimonate respiration and resistance in sp. strain SVR.

sp. strain SVR uses antimonate [Sb(V)] as a terminal electron acceptor for anaerobic respiration. Here, we visualized a possible key enzyme, periplasmic Sb(V) reductase (Anr), via active staining and non-denaturing gel electrophoresis.

Draft genome sequence of sp. IPA-1, a bacterium isolated from arsenic-contaminated soil in Japan.

sp. strain IPA-1 is a bacterium isolated from arsenic-contaminated soil in Japan. We here report the draft genome sequence of strain IPA-1.

Draft Genome Sequence of the Anaerobic Arsenite-Oxidizing sp. Strain ANAO-440, Isolated from an Alkaline Saline Lake in Khovsgol, Mongolia.

The draft genome sequence of sp. strain ANAO-440 contains 3,866 predicted protein-coding sequences. This strain is capable of anaerobic arsenite oxidation and encodes an -type arsenite oxidase within the gene island.

Draft Genome Sequence of sp. Strain IK-TO18, Isolated from Antimony-Contaminated Sediment.

sp. strain IK-TO18 was isolated from antimony-contaminated sediment. The draft genome sequence of the isolate contains 6,605 predicted protein-coding sequences, including genes associated with heavy metal resistance and the aerobic degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons.

Complete Genome Sequence of sp. Strain SVR, an Antimonate-Reducing Bacterium Isolated from Antimony-Rich Mine Soil.

We report here the complete genome sequence of sp. strain SVR, isolated from antimony mine soil in Nakase Mine, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan. SVR strains proliferate using antimonate [Sb(V)] as an electron acceptor, providing insights into the antimony reduction mechanism.

Production of two morphologically different antimony trioxides by a novel antimonate-reducing bacterium, Geobacter sp. SVR.

A novel dissimilatory antimonate [Sb(V)]-reducing bacterium, strain SVR, was isolated from soil of a former antimony (Sb) mine. Strain SVR coupled Sb(V) reduction to acetate oxidation with an apparent reduction rate of 2.4 mM d.

Draft Genome Sequence of sp. Strain SbOxS2, an Antimony-Oxidizing Bacterium Isolated from Stibnite Mine Tailing Soil.

The antimony-oxidizing sp. strain SbOxS2 was isolated from stibnite mine tailing soil. The draft genome sequence of strain SbOxS2 comprises 4.

Draft Genome Sequence of the Antimony-Oxidizing sp. Strain SbOxS1, Isolated from Stibnite Mine Tailing Soil.

sp. strain SbOxS1 was isolated from stibnite mine tailing soil for its ability to oxidize antimonite. We present a draft genome sequence of strain SbOxS1, which contains 6,484 predicted protein-coding sequences.

Possible Involvement of a Tetrathionate Reductase Homolog in Dissimilatory Arsenate Reduction by sp. Strain PSR-1.

sp. strain PSR-1, a dissimilatory arsenate [As(V)]-reducing bacterium, can utilize As(V) as a terminal electron acceptor for anaerobic respiration. A previous draft genome analysis revealed that strain PSR-1 lacks typical respiratory As(V) reductase genes (), which suggested the involvement of another protein in As(V) respiration.

Draft Genome Sequence of sp. Strain SVR, Isolated from Antimony Mine Soil.

We report here the draft genome sequence of sp. strain SVR, isolated from antimony mine soil in Hyogo Prefecture, Japan. The genome sequence data in this study will provide useful information for understanding bacterial antimonate reduction.

A novel dimethylsulfoxide reductase family of molybdenum enzyme, Idr, is involved in iodate respiration by Pseudomonas sp. SCT.

Pseudomonas sp. strain SCT is capable of using iodate (IO ) as a terminal electron acceptor for anaerobic respiration. A possible key enzyme, periplasmic iodate reductase (Idr), was visualized by active staining on non-denaturing gel electrophoresis.

Soil Microbial Communities Involved in Reductive Dissolution of Arsenic from Arsenate-Laden Minerals with Different Carbon Sources.

The natural microbial communities involved in arsenic (As) extraction under biostimulated conditions are still unclear. In this study, soil slurry was incubated with arsenate [As(V)]-laden Fe(III) or Al (hydr)oxides with lactate or acetate. After 40 d, dissolved As released from As(V)-laden Fe(III) accounted for 54% of the initial solid-phase As in lactate-amended slurries, while much less As was released from acetate-amended slurries.

Cs transfer from canopies onto forest floors at Mount Tsukuba in the four years following the Fukushima nuclear accident.

This study investigated the transport of Cs within a forest ecosystem by examining temporal changes in the inventory and determining the major pathways of transfer following significant atmospheric deposition. A forested area of eastern Japan was monitored for four years immediately after the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident in March 2011 that released a large amount of radionuclides. The long physical half-life of Cs means that contamination can persist for decades, so it is vital to understand the mechanisms underlying the Cs dynamics in ecosystems.

Genomic Analysis of sp. Strain SCT, an Iodate-Reducing Bacterium Isolated from Marine Sediment, Reveals a Possible Use for Bioremediation.

Strain SCT is an iodate-reducing bacterium isolated from marine sediment in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. In this study, we determined the draft genome sequence of strain SCT and compared it to complete genome sequences of other closely related bacteria, including A phylogeny inferred from concatenation of core genes revealed that strain SCT was closely related to marine isolates of Genes present in the SCT genome but absent from the other analyzed genomes comprised clusters corresponding to putative prophage regions and possible operons. They included genes, which encode type IV pili for natural transformation; the operon, which encodes resistance systems for mercury; and the operon, which encodes a Pi-specific transport system for phosphate uptake.

Draft Genome Sequence of a Novel Lactate-Fermenting Bacterial Strain of the Family within the Class .

Here, we report a draft genome sequence of the bacterial strain FL31, a novel lactate-fermenting bacterium of the family within the class . This genome furthers our understanding of the physiological functions of this taxonomic group in natural environments.

Vertical variation of bulk and metabolically active prokaryotic community in sediment of a hypereutrophic freshwater lake.

This study was conducted to acquire novel insight into differences between bulk (16S rDNA) and metabolically active (16S rRNA) prokaryotic communities in the sediment of a hypereutrophic lake (Japan). In the bulk communities, the class Deltaproteobacteria and the order Methanomicrobiales were dominant among bacteria and methanogens. In the metabolically active communities, the class Alphaproteobacteria and the order Methanomicrobiales and the family Methanosaetaceae were frequently found among bacteria and methanogens.

Genomic Analysis of sp. Br-6, a Bromate Reducing Bacterium Isolated From Soil in Chiba, Japan.

Bromate is a byproduct of the ozone disinfection of drinking water. It is a genotoxic carcinogen and causes renal cell tumors in rats. Physicochemical removal of bromate is very difficult, making microbial reduction of bromate to bromide a promising approach to eliminate bromate from water.

Composition and Elution Behavior of Various Elements from Printed Circuit Boards, Cathode-ray Tube Glass, and Liquid-crystal Displays in Waste Consumer Electronics.

The contents and elution behavior of metals in consumer electronics parts were determined so as to understand their maximum environmental risk. Elements contained most in printed-circuit boards were Cu, Si, Br, Ca, Al, Sn, Pb, Sb, Ba, Fe, Ni, Ti, and Zn; in cathode-ray tube glass were Si, Pb, Ba, Sr, Zn, Zr, Ca, and Sb; in arsenic contained liquid-crystal displays were Si, Ca, Sr, Ba, As, and Fe; and in antimony contained liquid-crystal displays were Si, Ba, Ca, Sb, Sr, Fe, and Sn. The elements eluted most from printed-circuit boards were Zn, Pb, and Cu; from cathode-ray tube glass were Pb, Zn, B, Ba, and Si; and from liquid-crystal displays were B and Si, and the toxic As and Sb.

Effect of extracellular electron shuttles on arsenic-mobilizing activities in soil microbial communities.

Microbially mediated arsenate (As(V)) and Fe(III) reduction play important roles in arsenic (As) cycling in nature. Extracellular electron shuttles can impact microbial Fe(III) reduction, yet little is known about their effects on microbial As mobilization in soils. In this study, microcosm experiments consisting of an As-contaminated soil and microbial communities obtained from several pristine soils were conducted, and the effects of electron shuttles on As mobilization were determined.

Draft Genome Sequence of sp. A-2, an Iodide-Oxidizing Bacterium Isolated from Natural Gas Brine Water, Chiba, Japan.

sp. A-2 is a heterotrophic iodide (I)-oxidizing bacterium isolated from iodide-rich natural gas brine water in Chiba, Japan. This strain oxidizes iodide to molecular iodine (I) by means of an extracellular multicopper oxidase.

Draft Genome Sequence of Arenibacter sp. Strain C-21, an Iodine-Accumulating Bacterium Isolated from Surface Marine Sediment.

Arenibacter sp. strain C-21, isolated from surface marine sediment of Japan, accumulates iodine in the presence of glucose and iodide (I). We report here the draft genome sequence of this strain to provide insight into the molecular mechanism underlying its iodine-accumulating ability.

Microbial nitrification in throughfall of a Japanese cedar associated with archaea from the tree canopy.

To investigate the nitrification potential of phyllospheric microbes, we incubated throughfall samples collected under the canopies of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) and analyzed the transformation of inorganic nitrogen in the samples. Nitrate concentration increased in the unfiltered throughfall after 4 weeks of incubation, but remained nearly constant in the filtered samples (pore size: 0.2 and 0.