Treatment of emphysematous polycystic renal infection in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: Feasibility and limitations of percutaneous cyst drainage.

Emphysematous polycystic renal infection (EPRI) has a poor prognosis with conservative management, and early surgical nephrectomy has been recommended. However, percutaneous cyst drainage may be a possible treatment option. We experienced 6 patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) presenting with EPRI.

A Case of Acute Eosinophilic Granulomatous Tubulointerstitial Nephritis in a Patient Receiving Combination Treatment with Three Drugs.

We herein report a 69-year-old man with acute kidney injury who required dialysis after receiving a combination of three drug-induced lymphocyte stimulation test-positive drugs. A kidney biopsy showed tubulointerstitial nephritis with severe eosinophilic infiltration and numerous granuloma formations. Acute eosinophilic granulomatous tubulointerstitial nephritis was diagnosed.

A case report of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor-related kidney disease combined with renal cancer.

A kidney biopsy was performed in a 64-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus and less than 1 g of proteinuria who rapidly progressed to end-stage renal failure after approximately 2 years of treatment with two dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors for type 2 diabetes mellitus. The biopsy revealed not only a coincidental diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma, which was not evident on pre-biopsy computed tomography, but also severe thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA)-like glomerular endothelial cell damage in the noncancerous areas. These results suggest that DPP4 inhibitors may have been involved in two kidney diseases.

Long-term clinicopathological characteristics of TAFRO syndrome and its relapse: a case series study.

Introduction: This study aimed to analyze the clinical course of TAFRO syndrome in patients through extended follow-up, focusing on recurrent cases and long-term remission.

Methods: This was a retrospective case series study. We assessed the clinical course of patients diagnosed with TAFRO syndrome between January 2012 and September 2022 at Toranomon Hospital or Toranomon Hospital Kajigaya, excluding those patients who died during the initial hospitalization.

Efficacy and safety of first-line biological DMARDs in rheumatoid arthritis patients with chronic kidney disease.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of first-line biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with chronic kidney disease (CKD), including those undergoing haemodialysis (HD).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 425 patients with RA prescribed their first bDMARDs at two hospitals from 2004 to 2021. Patients were categorised by kidney function and bDMARD modality (TNFα inhibitors (TNFαis), interleukin-6 inhibitors (IL-6is), cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 immunoglobulin (CTLA4-Ig)).

Renal and cardiac biopsy findings in an adolescent patient with the 3243A>G mitochondrial DNA mutation: Favorable renal prognosis post renal transplantation from the mother.

We investigated the pathogenesis of a perihilar variant of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis detected by kidney biopsy in a 16-year-old male. The disease was refractory to steroid therapy, and at the second kidney biopsy, abnormal mitochondrial proliferation was newly observed in the podocytes. The patient also developed late-onset hearing loss and had a family history of diabetes, and genetic testing confirmed the mitochondrial DNA mutation 3243A>G (48%).

A case of renal limited myeloperoxidase anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-positive vasculitis treated with maintenance avacopan monotherapy.

A 76-year-old woman was admitted with progressive renal function decline. A kidney biopsy was performed because of myeloperoxidase anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA; 333 IU/mL), proteinuria (1.21 g/d), and urinary erythrocyte sediment (10-19/high-power field).

Trajectory of GFR Decline and Fluctuation in Albuminuria Leading to End-Stage Kidney Disease in Patients With Biopsy-Confirmed Diabetic Kidney Disease.

Introduction: Data on longitudinal trajectory of kidney function decline and fluctuation in albuminuria leading to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is sparse in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Using data from an observational study of patients with type 2 diabetes and biopsy-confirmed diabetic kidney disease (DKD), generalized additive mixed models (GAMMs) were performed to quantify patterns of longitudinal trajectory of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline to ESKD associated with repeated measures of urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR).

Results: Over a median follow-up period of 3.

Efficacy of SGLT2 inhibitors in IgA nephropathy associated with alcoholic liver cirrhosis accompanied by nephrotic syndrome: a case report.

We present a 51-year-old male patient with a history of Child-Pugh Grade B alcoholic liver cirrhosis (ALC) who developed renal impairment (serum creatinine of 2.00 mg/dL) and nephrotic syndrome (a urinary protein level of 4.35 g/gCr).

Glomerular Microangiopathy-like Nephropathy Caused by Hyperthyroidism.

A 49-year-old Japanese woman was admitted to our hospital with weight loss of 15 kg, nephrotic-range proteinuria (4.5 g/g.Cre), and hematuria over a 6-month period.

Cystine and Theanine as Stress-Reducing Amino Acids-Perioperative Use for Early Recovery after Surgical Stress.

Perioperative nutritional therapy requires the consideration of metabolic changes, and it is desirable to reduce stress aiming at early metabolic normalization. Glutathione (GSH) is a tripeptide composed of glutamic acid, cysteine, and glycine. It is one of the strongest antioxidants in the body and important for adjusting immune function.

Oral administration of cystine and theanine attenuates 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis and diarrhea by suppressing both glutathione level decrease and ROS production in the small intestine of mucositis mouse model.

Background: Chemotherapy is frequently used in cancer treatment; however, it may cause adverse events, which must be managed. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been reported to be involved in the induction of intestinal mucositis and diarrhea, which are common side effects of treatment with fluoropyrimidine 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Our previous studies have shown that oral administration of cystine and theanine (CT) increases glutathione (GSH) production in vivo.

A case of a hemodialysis patient with secondary hyperparathyroidism who was resistant to etelcalcetide treatment but not to cinacalcet hydrochloride.

Although both cinacalcet and etelcalcetide are calcimimetics that directly inhibit parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion by activating the calcium (Ca)-sensing receptor (CaSR), their binding sites are different. We report a first case of a hemodialysis (HD) patient with secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT), in whom cinacalcet, but not etelcalcetide, could reduce serum intact PTH (i-PTH) levels. A HD patient received total parathyroidectomy (PTx) with auto-transplantation 16 years earlier.

Congestive hepatopathy and acute pancreatitis as severe complications of mixed connective tissue disease.

Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) causes multiple organ dysfunctions, such as joint swelling, pulmonary fibrosis and hypertension, and serositis, but hepatopancreatic complications are rare. Here, we report a case of young man who exhibited acute severe liver dysfunction. He also had impaired cardiac function: both ventriculi were hypokinetic, but pulmonary hypertension and pericarditis were not observed.

Nephrotic Syndrome due to Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis Complicating Sjögren's Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Renal tubular acidosis and tubulointerstitial nephritis constitute the primary renal complications associated with Sjögren's syndrome (SjS), and glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome are rare.

Case Presentation: A 79-year-old Japanese woman presented with bilateral leg edema and weight gain and was diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome. In addition, she reported a 5-year history of dryness of mouth and was diagnosed with SjS.

Cystine and Theanine Improve Survival after Gut Ischemia-Reperfusion.

Background And Aim: Oral administration of cystine and theanine (CT) may modulate antioxidant glutathione (GSH) metabolism, thereby improving outcomes after gut ischemia reperfusion.

Methods: Experiment 1: Institute of Cancer Research mice (n = 35) were assigned to a Vehicle (n = 11), a CT140 (n = 14), or a CT280 (n = 10) group. The CT140 and 280 groups were given CT at respective dosages of 140 and 280 mg/kg (cystine: theanine = 5: 2) once daily via gavage for 5 days.