Pseudocarcinomatous Hyperplasia of the Nose and Necrotic Tracheitis Associated with Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

A 29-year-old woman who had been diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia presented with persistent grade-4 febrile neutropenia (FN) after initial chemotherapy with idarubicin and cytarabine. Despite intensive treatment, FN persisted. Subsequently, her nose became reddish and swollen, obstructing the nasal cavities.

[DRUG-INDUCED LUNG INJURY DUE TO OTSU-JI-TO FOLLOWED BY DRUG-INDUCED LIVER INJURY: A CASE REPORT].

A 69-year-old woman who had been treated with Otsu-ji-to for fourteen days developed liver dysfunction. She continued to take Otsu-ji-to and was admitted to our hospital due to respiratory failure with extensive ground-glass opacities on chest computed tomography 22 days after starting to take Otsuji-to. Although she developed severe respiratory failure, her condition was improved by discontinuation of Otsu-ji-to and high-dose corticosteroid pulse therapy.

Predicting oxygen requirements in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 using an artificial intelligence-clinician model based on local non-image data.

Background: When facing unprecedented emergencies such as the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a predictive artificial intelligence (AI) model with real-time customized designs can be helpful for clinical decision-making support in constantly changing environments. We created models and compared the performance of AI in collaboration with a clinician and that of AI alone to predict the need for supplemental oxygen based on local, non-image data of patients with COVID-19.

Materials And Methods: We enrolled 30 patients with COVID-19 who were aged >60 years on admission and not treated with oxygen therapy between December 1, 2020 and January 4, 2021 in this 50-bed, single-center retrospective cohort study.

The diagnostic yield and characteristics of bronchoalveolar lavage in suspected nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease.

Background: Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) has widely been used to manage respiratory diseases including respiratory infections. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic yield of BAL for detecting nontuberculous Mycobacterium (NTM).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 54 patients who underwent bronchoscopy due to suspected NTM pulmonary disease.

Bronchial carcinoid tumor managed with bronchial artery embolization before endobronchial resection: A case report.

Endobronchial resection using a bronchoscope is often selected as treatment for carcinoid tumors located in the central airways. However, massive bleeding is one of the most serious complications during bronchoscopic surgery. Here, we report the case of a 77-year-old female with a typical carcinoid tumor located in the right truncus intermedius who underwent bronchial artery embolization (BAE) one day before endobronchial intervention using a flexible bronchoscope.

Prognostic impact of serum procalcitonin in non-small cell lung cancer.

Introduction: Increased serum procalcitonin (PCT), a well-known biomarker for sepsis, has been reported in several cancer types. We aimed to investigate the prognostic impact of PCT in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: Medical records of 51 consecutive patients with NSCLC (Aichi Medical University Hospital) admitted between July 2017 and July 2018 were retrospectively reviewed.

Diagnostic contribution of cytological examination to endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial biopsy for lung malignancies.

Although endobronchial ultrasound guided transbronchial biopsy (TBB) with a guide sheath (EBUS-GS) is widely used for diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary lesions, the diagnostic contribution of cytology (bronchial brushing, bronchial washing and biopsy forceps rinse) has not been established. To determine the diagnostic contribution of cytological examination to EBUS-GS-TBB, we reviewed medical records of patients with lung malignancies who had undergone TBB with EBUS-GS (EBUS-GS group, =187) or TBB without EBUS-GS (conventional TBB [CTBB] group, =197) at Nagoya University Hospital. Although the mean size of target lesions was significantly larger in the CTBB group than the EBUS-GS group, the total diagnostic rate was equivalent between two groups (EBUS-GS: 73.

Necrotizing tracheobronchitis associated with rheumatoid arthritis.

We report a case of necrotizing tracheobronchitis with rheumatoid arthritis. A 64 year-old-man presented with dry cough and was initially diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia. The patient was admitted; he received initial antibiotic treatment.

Disseminated cryptococcosis presenting as mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy in an immunocompetent patient.

We herein report a rare case of disseminated cryptococcosis presenting as mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy in a young immunocompetent man. A previously healthy 26-year-old man presented with persistent headache and nonproductive cough. Chest computed tomography indicated mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy.

Endobronchial ultrasound echoic image of pulmonary hamartoma.

A 62-year-old man with an indicated chest radiographic abnormality was referred to our hospital for more thorough examinations. Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration was performed because of a mass at the left hilum. Endobronchial ultrasound images showed scattered high-density spots in a low echoic and mosaic density.

Phase I and pharmacologic study of weekly amrubicin in patients with refractory or relapsed lung cancer: Central Japan Lung Study Group (CJLSG) 0601 trial.

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and tolerability of amrubicin (AMR), determine its maximum tolerated dose (MTD), its dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs), and its recommended dose (RD), and to conduct a pharmacokinetic study of weekly AMR administrations in patients with chemotherapy-refractory or recurrent small cell or non-small cell lung cancer.

Patients And Methods: Patients with refractory or relapsed non-small cell and small cell lung cancer after 1 or 2 regimens of chemotherapy were eligible. AMR was initiated at 45 mg/m(2) weekly (repetition of dose on 1st and 8th day with a rest on day 15).

Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial biopsy using novel thin bronchoscope for diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary lesions.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic utility of endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)-guided transbronchial biopsy (TBB) using a novel 3.4-mm thin bronchoscope and a 1.4-mm ultrasonic probe for peripheral pulmonary lesions.

Double Y-stent placement for tracheobronchial stenosis.

The silicone stent has been widely used to re-establish airway patency for patients with airway stenosis. The ideal shape of the stent should be well adapted to the tracheobronchial anatomic structures, and its optimal length should cover the entire inner wall of the stenotic airway. Although the silicone Y-stent was developed as a dedicated prosthesis for main carinal stenosis, we often encounter patients with tracheobronchial stenosis that cannot be treated by a single silicone Y-stent.

Real-time endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration is useful for diagnosing sarcoidosis.

Background And Objective: Several studies of real-time endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) have reported a sensitivity of approximately 90% in the diagnosis of mediastinal and hilar malignancies. However, few studies have addressed its role in the diagnosis of sarcoidosis. The aim of the present study was to assess the utility of EBUS-TBNA in confirming a pathological diagnosis of sarcoidosis.