Effect of age, sex, and chronic kidney disease on urinary creatinine excretion in Japanese patients.

Background: Urinary creatinine levels are used to estimate the excretion rates of certain analytes from the respective analyte-to-creatinine ratios. We clarified the influence of age and sex on estimated daily urinary creatinine excretion (eUCrE) based on the urinary creatinine level and daily urine volume.

Methods: All inpatients aged ≥ 18 years who attended the Kochi Medical School Hospital with serum and urinary creatinine measurement results were enrolled.

Differences in characteristics and risk factors for acute kidney injury between elderly and very elderly patients: a retrospective review.

Background: Few epidemiologic studies on acute kidney injury (AKI) have focused on the older adult population. This study aimed to clarify the characteristics and risk factors for AKI in this population.

Methods: This retrospective observational study was performed with the clinical data of all outpatients and inpatients aged ≥ 65 years at the time of enrolment at Kochi Medical School Hospital between 1 January 1981 and 31 December 2021.

Pulsar glitches from quantum vortex networks.

Neutron stars or pulsars are very rapidly rotating compact stars with extremely high density. One of the unsolved long-standing problems of these enigmatic celestial bodies is the origin of pulsars' glitches, i.e.

Incidence of acute kidney injury and decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate according to the site of cancer.

Background: The epidemiology of renal impairment in patients with cancer remains unclear. We aimed to clarify associations between various cancer sites and renal impairment.

Methods: We reviewed data from 5674 patients aged ≥ 18 years receiving cancer treatment at a single hospital facility.

Non-Abelian statistics of vortices with non-Abelian Dirac fermions.

We extend our previous analysis on the exchange statistics of vortices having a single Dirac fermion trapped in each core to the case where vortices trap two Dirac fermions with U(2) symmetry. Such a system of vortices with non-Abelian Dirac fermions appears in color superconductors at extremely high densities and in supersymmetric QCD. We show that the exchange of two vortices having doublet Dirac fermions in each core is expressed by non-Abelian representations of a braid group, which is explicitly verified in the matrix representation of the exchange operators when the number of vortices is up to four.

Identifying multiquark hadrons from heavy ion collisions.

Identifying hadronic molecular states and/or hadrons with multiquark components either with or without exotic quantum numbers is a long-standing challenge in hadronic physics. We suggest that studying the production of these hadrons in relativistic heavy ion collisions offers a promising resolution to this problem as yields of exotic hadrons are expected to be strongly affected by their structures. Using the coalescence model for hadron production, we find that, compared to the case of a nonexotic hadron with normal quark numbers, the yield of an exotic hadron is typically an order of magnitude smaller when it is a compact multiquark state and a factor of 2 or more larger when it is a loosely bound hadronic molecule.

Lambdac enhancement from strongly coupled quark-gluon plasma.

We propose the enhancement of Lambdac as a novel quark-gluon plasma signal in heavy ion collisions at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and the CERN Large Hadron Collider. Assuming a stable bound diquark state in the strongly coupled quark-gluon plasma near the critical temperature, we argue that the direct two-body collision between a c quark and a [ud] diquark would lead to an enhanced Lambdac production in comparison with the normal three-body collision among independent c, u, and d quarks. In the coalescence model, we find that the Lambdac/D yield ratio is enhanced substantially due to the diquark correlation.