First Report of Bacterial Leaf Spot on Muskmelon Caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae in China.

Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) is one of the most widely cultivated and economically important fruit crops in the world. In January 2023, muskmelon leaves of cultivar 'Sheng Gu' were observed with irregularly shaped spots in four nurseries in Wanxiang Village, Pudong District of Shanghai, China.

Occurrence of Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus in Cucurbit Plants in China.

In August 2022, melon (), cucumber () and luffa () plants showed virus-like symptoms characteristic of geminiviruses (yellowish green, mosaic patterns and severe curling of leaves, short internodes, and stunting) in 10 greenhouses in Fengxian district and 20 greenhoues in Jiading district of Shanghai, China. Fifty symptomatic leaf samples were randomly collected: 28 from melon, 17 from cucumber, and 5 from luffa. To investigate the etiology of the observed disease, total DNA and RNA was extracted via a DNA extraction kit (Tiangen, Not: DP350) and TRIzol reagent (Sigma-Aldrich, Not: T9424), respectively.

Resistance Profiles of to Fluxapyroxad from Strawberry Fields in Shanghai, China.

Fluxapyroxad, a type of succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide, has been used to control the growth of gray mold on strawberry for more than 5 years in China. Selection for resistance to the causal agent became a threat to the efficacy of fluxapyroxad. In total, 160 isolates collected from Shanghai during 2020 and 2021 were tested for their resistance to fluxapyroxad using mycelial growth inhibition.

Analysis of the top coal stability of the large section open-off cut under the gob in thick seams slicing mining.

The reserved thickness of top coal has an important influence on the stability of a large section open-off cut under gob in the thick seams slicing mining. The destabilization extremum conditions of the open-off cut top coal were derived from by elastic-plastic theory, and the optical fibre sensing technology was utilized to monitor the top coal deformation law with different thicknesses (3, 3.5, and 4 m) in the physical similar simulation experiment in the paper.

First Report of Leaf Spot and Blight on Crown Daisy Caused by in China.

Crown daisy ( L.), also known as chrysanthemum greens, is a popular vegetable in Asia, especially in China. The leaves have been used in folk medicine as a tonic for the liver, blood, intestines and to control anemia and high blood pressure.

First Report of Pectobacterium brasiliense causing Soft Rot on Conophytum luiseae in China.

Conophytum luiseae is native to the Namaqualand region of Cape, South Africa. It is a lovely plant with many short succulent spines on ingot-shaped fleshy leaf surfaces, and a high-value ornamental plant in China. In August to October 2021, a serious soft rot disease on Conophytum luiseae plants was observed in four greenhouses at a horticultural farm in Songjiang District, Shanghai, China.

Baseline sensitivity of Rhizoctonia solani to four DMI fungicides.

A set of 78 Rhizoctonia solani isolates from Shanghai, China, were examined for their sensitivity in vitro to four demethylase inhibitor (DMI) fungicides, epoxiconazole, difenoconazole, hexaconazole, and tebuconazole, by the mycelial growth rate method. The isolates were very sensitive to the four DMI fungicides. The ranges and means of the EC values were 0.

Transcriptomics of Treated With Olive Leaf Extract.

is a regulated foodborne pathogen that is known to cause listeriosis, a disease associated with high mortality rates in humans. Olive leaf extract (OLE) has been shown to act as a plant antimicrobial and inhibit the growth of pathogens, such as , although its mode of action has not been defined. To help identify the cellular mechanisms important for conveying these beneficial traits, RNA-Seq was used to study the transcriptome of upon exposure to a sublethal level of OLE.

First Report of Strawberry Crown Rot Caused by Xanthomonas fragariae in China.

Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) is a kind of fruit with great economic importance and widely cultivated in the world. From 2019 to 2020, a serious crown rot disease was sporadically observed in several strawberry cultivars including 'Zhang Ji', 'Hong Yan' and 'Yue Xiu' in Shanghai, China.

Pathogen Infection and Host-Resistance Interactively Affect Root-Associated Fungal Communities in Watermelon.

Interactions of pathogen infection, host plant resistance, and fungal communities are poorly understood. Although the use of resistant watermelon cultivars is an effective control measure of watermelon wilt disease, fungal communities may also have significant effects on the development of the soil-borne pathogen complexes. We characterized the root and rhizosphere fungal communities associated with healthy and diseased watermelons of three different cultivars with different susceptibilities toward wilt disease by paired-end Illumina MiSeq sequencing.

Genome sequence and spore germination-associated transcriptome analysis of Corynespora cassiicola from cucumber.

Background: Corynespora cassiicola, as a necrotrophic phytopathogenic ascomycetous fungus, can infect hundreds of species of plants and rarely causes human diseases. This pathogen infects cucumber species and causes cucumber target spot, which has recently caused large cucumber yield losses in China. Genome sequence and spore germination-associated transcriptome analysis will contribute to the understanding of the molecular mechanism of pathogenicity and spore germination of C.

Rapid Detection of and Mutations in Boscalid Resistant Strains by ARMS-PCR.

and mutations have been found associated with boscalid resistance in from strawberry in Shanghai, China. For rapid detection of two mutations, tetra-primers were designed and optimized to gain the relatively high accuracy and specificity based on the ARMS-PCR technique, by which resistance can be identified with different lengths of products on agarose gels. The tetra-primer ARMS-PCR systems for and were validated by 9 -squenced strains repeatedly.

Correction to: Prediction of pathogenesis-related secreted proteins from Stemphylium lycopersici.

Following publication of the original article [1], we have been notified.

Rapid detection of Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus by reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification.

Reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA) for detection of Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) was developed in this study. It was found to be specific, with a limit of detection of 0.5 pg of total CGMMV RNA.

Prediction of pathogenesis-related secreted proteins from Stemphylium lycopersici.

Background: Gray leaf spot is a devastating disease caused by Stemphylium lycopersici that threatens tomato-growing areas worldwide. Typically, many pathogenesis-related and unrelated secreted proteins can be predicted in genomes using bioinformatics and computer-based prediction algorithms, which help to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of pathogen-plant interactions.

Results: S.

Impacts on silkworm larvae midgut proteomics by transgenic Trichoderma strain and analysis of glutathione S-transferase sigma 2 gene essential for anti-stress response of silkworm larvae.

Lepidoptera is a large order of insects that have major impacts on humans as agriculture pests. The midgut is considered an important target for insect control. In the present study, 10 up-regulated, 18 down-regulated, and one newly emerged protein were identified in the transgenic Trichoderma-treated midgut proteome.

Genome sequence and virulence variation-related transcriptome profiles of Curvularia lunata, an important maize pathogenic fungus.

Background: Curvularia lunata is an important maize foliar fungal pathogen that distributes widely in maize growing area in China. Genome sequencing of the pathogen will provide important information for globally understanding its virulence mechanism.

Results: We report the genome sequences of a highly virulent C.

Biological role of Trichoderma harzianum-derived platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) on stress response and antagonism.

We investigated the properties of platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) derived from Trichoderma harzianum. The enzyme, comprised of 572 amino acids, shares high homology with PAF-AH proteins from T. koningii and other microbial species.

Adenine deaminase is encoded by Tad1 and participates in copper accumulation in Trichoderma reesei.

We cloned a novel Tad1 gene and demonstrated that this gene is closely involved in copper bioaccumulation in Trichoderma reesei. Tad1 gene encodes a 510 amino acids protein of the amidohydrolase superfamily which belongs to COG0402. We found that adenine was the most efficient substrate of Tad1 protein among the substrates used in this study.

Disruption of hex1 in Trichoderma atroviride leads to loss of Woronin body and decreased tolerance to dichlorvos.

The tolerance of Trichoderma species to organophosphorus pesticides is necessary for their application in the bioremediation of pesticide-polluted environments. In some cases, such a requirement is also key to the synergistic use of these fungi with chemical pesticides, aiming to broaden the scope of control targets to include both plant pathogens and insect pests. However, the mechanism of Trichoderma tolerance of organophosphorus pesticides remains unclear.

Identification of a novel fungus, Leptosphaerulina chartarum SJTU59 and characterization of its xylanolytic enzymes.

Xylanolytic enzymes are widely used in processing industries, e.g., pulp and paper, food, livestock feeds, and textile.

Impact on bacterial community in midguts of the Asian corn borer larvae by transgenic Trichoderma strain overexpressing a heterologous chit42 gene with chitin-binding domain.

This paper is the first report of the impact on the bacterial community in the midgut of the Asian corn borer (Ostrinia furnacalis) by the chitinase from the transgenic Trichoderma strain. In this study, we detected a change of the bacterial community in the midgut of the fourth instar larvae by using a culture-independent method. Results suggested that Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were the most highly represented phyla, being present in all the midgut bacterial communities.

Increased virulence of transgenic Trichoderma koningi strains to the Asian corn borer larvae by overexpressing heterologous chit42 gene with chitin-binding domains.

The chit42 gene cloned from Metarhizium anisopliae lacks chitin-binding domain (chBD), which plays important roles in binding insoluble chitin. Five kinds of hybrid chitinase Trichoderma transformants were constructed in this study, where the chit42 gene was fused to chBDs derived from plant, bacterial, and insect sources. The transformant Mc4 harboring chBDs from bitter melon (Momordica charantia) displayed the highest chitinase activity among all chBDs.

Understanding resistant germplasm-induced virulence variation through analysis of proteomics and suppression subtractive hybridization in a maize pathogen Curvularia lunata.

Curvularia lunata is an important pathogen causing Curvularia leaf spot in maize. Significant pathogenic variation has been found in C. lunata.