Understanding the Complexities of Student Learning Progress in Texas: A Study of COVID-19 and Rural vs. Non-Rural Districts.

In this study, we investigate the impact of COVID-19 on academic achievement in Texas public schools. Demographic and Grade 5 STAAR test data were collected from 1155 public school districts for 2018-2019 and 2020-2021. Multiple regression was adopted to analyze the differences between rural and non-rural districts, as well as the impact of demographic characteristics on students' achievement.

Effects of Adjunct Questions on L2 Reading Comprehension with Texts of Different Types.

Answering text-related questions while reading is a questioning strategy which is called adjunct questions or embedded questions, the benefits of which have been established in first-language reading as to enhance comprehension. The present study aims to study the effects different adjunct questions exert on second-language (L2) readers' comprehension of texts of various types. One hundred and forty-four intermediate-level Chinese EFL learners participated in this study and were divided randomly into six groups.

Genomics of human NAFLD: Lack of data reproducibility and high interpatient variability in drug target expression as major causes of drug failures.

Background And Aims: NAFLD is a major disease burden and a foremost cause of chronic liver disease. Presently, nearly 300 trials evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of > 20 drugs. Remarkably, the majority of drugs fail.

Efficacy and safety of respiratory syncytial virus vaccination during pregnancy to prevent lower respiratory tract illness in newborns and infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccination during pregnancy in preventing lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in infants and neonates, we conducted a systematic search of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in five databases (PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Cochrane Center Register of Controlled trial) until 1 May 2023. We performed a meta-analysis of the eligible trials using RevMan5.4.

Designing and evaluating complex educational research to meet federal grant requirement: A demonstration of a funded large-scale protocol.

Federal funding agencies have invested significant resources supporting evidence-based, innovative approaches that address education problems and incorporate rigorous design and evaluation, particularly through randomized controlled trials (RCTs), the gold standard for yielding causal inference in scientific research. In this study, we introduced factors (i.e.

A randomized single-center controlled trial of synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation with heliox in newborn infants with meconium aspiration syndrome.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV) with heliox in newborn infants with meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS).

Methods: Seventy-one newborn infants with MAS in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Daping Hospital of Army Medical University were enrolled in the trial. Infants treated with SIMV were randomized and divided into the heliox group (n = 35) and control group (n = 36).

A Comparative Study of Problem-Based Learning and Traditional Approaches in College English Classrooms: Analyzing Pedagogical Behaviors Via Classroom Observation.

In this study, we described and compared an English as a foreign language (EFL) teacher's pedagogical behaviors in traditional and problem-based learning (PBL) classroom settings in a Chinese university. In spring 2019, we collected six 45-min videos, three in each condition, covering three modules: (a) warm-up and vocabulary, (b) essay structure, and (c) writing. The analyses of the teacher's pedagogical behaviors and her interaction with students indicated that the instructor spent most of the instructional time delivering higher-order thinking content in both traditional and PBL classes.

Inter-rater reliability data of classroom observation: Fidelity in large-scale randomized research in education.

This dataset belongs to a large-scale randomized controlled trial (RCT) in educational research targeting English learning students and their teachers' instructional capacity. The dataset includes ratings conducted through classroom observations of 45-minute English as a Second language (ESL) blocks. Each coder rated 60 recorded video segments collected from each teacher.

Toll-like receptor 4 shRNA attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition of intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells in rats.

Background And Aim: Intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells (IBECs) of the bile duct in liver tissue of patients with hepatolithiasis promoted the development of diseases through epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). This study investigated whether lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a cell-wall constituent of gram-negative bacteria, could induce EMT of IBECs and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) had a regulatory role via activating the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/Snail signaling pathway during this process in vivo.

Methods: TLR4 short hairpin RNA (shRNA) adenovirus or negative control shRNA (NC shRNA) adenovirus (1 × 10 plaque-forming unit (PFU), respectively) was injected into the caudal vein of rats.

Noninvasive high-frequency oscillatory ventilation versus nasal continuous positive airway pressure in preterm infants with moderate-severe respiratory distress syndrome: A preliminary report.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of noninvasive high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (nHFOV) with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) in preterm infants with moderate-severe respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) after surfactant administration via INSURE (intubation, surfactant, extubation) method on the need for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV).

Methods: A total of 81 infants with a gestational age (GA) of 28-34 weeks were eligible and were randomized to nCPAP (n = 42) or to nHFOV (n = 39). The need for IMV was the primary outcome.

Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation with heliox in premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation with heliox in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome.

Methods: Premature infants with mild respiratory distress syndrome requiring non-invasive respiratory support were eligible. Infants were randomly assigned to heliox or air-oxygen group.

Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation versus nasal continuous positive airway pressure for preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome: a meta-analysis and up-date.

Objective: To evaluate whether nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) would decrease the requirement for endotracheal ventilation compared with nasal continuous positive airway pressure(NCPAP) for preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and compare the related complications between these two noninvasive variations of respiratory support

Methods: A search of major electronic databases, including Medline (1980-2013) and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, for randomized controlled trials that compared NIPPV versus NCPAP for preterm infants with RDS was performed.

Main Results: Six randomized controlled trials met selection criteria (n = 1,527). The meta-analyses demonstrated significant decrease in the need for invasive ventilation in the NIPPV group (RR:0.

A prospective, randomized, controlled study of NIPPV versus nCPAP in preterm and term infants with respiratory distress syndrome.

Objective: To evaluate whether nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) compared with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) decreases the requirement for endotracheal ventilation in preterm and term infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).

Methods: This was a single center, randomized, controlled trial. A total of 179 preterm and term infants with RDS were randomized to NIPPV (n = 88) or nCPAP (n = 91).

Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation versus nasal continuous positive airway pressure in neonates: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) and Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) in neonates.

Methods: Standard search strategy for the Cochrane Neonatal Review Group was performed. The participants were both preterm and term infants suffering from neonatal respiratory distress syndrome or experiencing apnea of prematurity.

Changes of positron emission tomography in newborn infants at different gestational ages, and neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

Cerebral glucose metabolism was measured by (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose position emission tomography in infants at different gestational ages and with neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Thirty-six preterm and term infants at different gestational ages without brain injury were divided into four subgroups: ≤32 weeks (n = 4), 33-34 weeks (n = 5), 35-36 weeks (n = 12), and ≥37 weeks (n = 15). Twenty-four newborn infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy were divided into three subgroups: mild (n = 13), moderate (n = 7), and severe (n = 4).

Brain positron emission tomography in preterm and term newborn infants.

Objective: To study the clinical values of positron emission tomography (PET) in preterm and term newborn infants through observing brain glucose metabolism by (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) PET.

Method: To observe the brain (18)F-FDG PET imaging in 9 term and 7 preterm newborn infants in the same condition after administration of 0.1 mCi/kg (18)F-FDG.

Effect of hemocoagulase for prevention of pulmonary hemorrhage in critical newborns on mechanical ventilation: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To investigate the role of hemocoagulase to prevent pulmonary hemorrhage in critical newborns on mechanical ventilation.

Design: Randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of an affiliated hospital of a Medical University.

New treatment of neonatal pulmonary hemorrhage with hemocoagulase in addition to mechanical ventilation.

Objective: To investigate the effect of a new treatment for neonatal pulmonary hemorrhage with hemocoagulase in addition to mechanical ventilation.

Methods: Forty-eight newborn infants with pulmonary hemorrhage were included and divided randomly into 2 groups. Among them, 28 patients were treated with hemocoagulase in addition to mechanical ventilation, and the other 20 neonates served as controls and were treated with mechanical ventilation only.

[Role of dendritic cells in the pathogenesis of asthma in children].

Unlabelled: Dendritic cells (DC) are very potent antigen-presenting cells (APC) with a unique ability to activate naive T cells to induce the differentiation of TH1/TH2. Monocytes can develop into DC in the presence of different cytokines such as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and IL-4. DCs are thought to play a key role in the initiation and maintenance of T cell immunity to inhaled antigens.

[Activation of nuclear factor kappa B in newborn rats sepsis].

Objective: The aim of the study is to explore the effect of NF-kappa B signal pathway in neonatal sepsis so as to provide the experimental base for corresponding clinical treatment of the sepsis, in which NF-kappa B is taken as the target.

Methods: The sepsis model was established in newborn rats by giving Staphylococcus aureus subcutaneously: (1) The electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) was used to observe the activity of NF-kappa B in the lungs and the livers in newborn rats with Staphylococcus aureus sepsis. (2) Immunohistochemical method was used to observe the activity of NF-kappa B P56 in newborn rats with Staphylococcus aureus sepsis.