Application of conventional ultrasound coupled with shear wave elastography in the assessment of muscle strength in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background: In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a decrease in muscle function may be related to changes in the biomechanical properties of skeletal muscles. However, the correlations between muscle function and the characteristics of muscle size and stiffness as measured by ultrasound in patients with T2DM are unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the abilities of conventional ultrasound and shear wave elastography (SWE) to assess muscle properties in patients with T2DM and to correlate the findings with isokinetic muscle testing and functional tests.

Systematic metabolomic studies identified adult adiposity biomarkers with acetylglycine associated with fat loss .

Obesity is associated with various adverse health outcomes. Body fat (BF) distribution is recognized as an important factor of negative health consequences of obesity. Although metabolomics studies, mainly focused on body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference, have explored the biological mechanisms involved in the development of obesity, these proxy composite measures are not accurate and cannot reflect BF distribution, and thus may hinder accurate assessment of metabolic alterations and differential risk of metabolic disorders among individuals presenting adiposity differently throughout the body.

Identification of PDXDC1 as a novel pleiotropic susceptibility locus shared between lumbar spine bone mineral density and birth weight.

An increasing number of epidemiological studies have suggested that birth weight (BW) may be a determinant of bone health later in life, although the underlying genetic mechanism remains unclear. Here, we applied a pleiotropic conditional false discovery rate (cFDR) approach to the genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics for lumbar spine bone mineral density (LS BMD) and BW, aiming to identify novel susceptibility variants shared between these two traits. We detected 5 novel potential pleiotropic loci which are located at or near 7 different genes (NTAN1, PDXDC1, CACNA1G, JAG1, FAT1P1, CCDC170, ESR1), among which PDXDC1 and FAT1P1 have not previously been linked to these phenotypes.

Observation of the effect of one-to-one education on high-risk cases of diabetic foot.

Background: Diabetes is a common chronic disease, and its global incidence is on the rise. The disease is directly attributed to insufficient insulin efficacy/secretion, and patients are often accompanied by multiple complications. Diabetic foot is one of the most common complications of diabetes.

Enhanced Identification of Novel Potential Variants for Appendicular Lean Mass by Leveraging Pleiotropy With Bone Mineral Density.

Strong relationships have been found between appendicular lean mass (ALM) and bone mineral density (BMD). It may be due to a shared genetic basis, termed pleiotropy. By leveraging the pleiotropy with BMD, the aim of this study was to detect more potential genetic variants for ALM.

GLP-1/GLP-1R Signaling Regulates Ovarian PCOS-Associated Granulosa Cells Proliferation and Antiapoptosis by Modification of Forkhead Box Protein O1 Phosphorylation Sites.

As the major cause of female anovulatory infertility, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects a great proportion of women at childbearing age. Although glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-IRAs) show therapeutic effects for PCOS, its target and underlying mechanism remains elusive. In the present study, we identified that, both and , GLP-1 functioned as the regulator of proliferation and antiapoptosis of MGCs of follicle in PCOS mouse ovary.

Vaspin protects mouse mesenchymal stem cells from oxidative stress-induced apoptosis through the MAPK/p38 pathway.

The aim of the work was to study the influence of vaspin on oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of mouse mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). MSCs originated from bone marrow of C57BL/6 mouse were treated with vaspin and/or HO in a dose-dependent manner. Cellular viability detected by CCK-8 and cell apoptosis studied by flow cytometry and TUNEL assay were observed in these cells.

Establishment of magnetic resonance imaging 3D reconstruction technology of orbital soft tissue and its preliminary application in patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.

Objective: Effective management of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) requires precise identification of the disease activity period as it is responsive to immunosuppressive treatment. Quantitative evaluations of orbital soft tissue are useful for analysing disease stages. We aimed to establish a method for orbital soft tissue volume calculation based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data using 3D reconstruction technology.

[A novel method for quantitative measurement of orbital fat volume based on magnetic resonance images].

Objective: To establish a new method for rapid and quantitative measurement of orbital fat volume based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data.

Methods: We collected MRI data from normalized mold and patients with the diagnosis of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO). The cross-sectional areas of the orbital fat on each MR image slice were measured to calculate the fat volume on each slice and then the total orbital fat volume.

[Calculation of orbital fat volumes for determining treatment timing for thyroid- associated ophthalmopathy].

Objective: To analyze the relationship between orbital fat volume and the progression and prognosis of thyroid- associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) and determine the optimal treatment timing for TAO.

Methods: The clinical data were collected from 35 patients (70 orbits) with a definite diagnosis of TAO between January, 2016 and December, 2016. The correlation between orbital fat volume and the clinical parameters was evaluated.

Micro/Nanostructures and Mechanical Properties of Trabecular Bone in Ovariectomized Rats.

Bone mechanical properties encompass both geometric and material factors, while the effects of estrogen deficiency on the material and structural characteristics of bone at micro- to nanoscales are still obscure. We performed a series of combined methodological experiments, including nanoindentation assessment of intrinsic material properties, atomic force microscopy (AFM) characterization of trabecular (Tb) nanostructure, and Tb microarchitecture and 2D BMD. At 15 weeks after surgery, we found significantly less Tb bone mineral density (BMD) at organ (-27%) and at tissue level (-12%), Tb bone volume fraction (-29%), Tb thickness (-14%), and Tb number (-17%) in ovariectomy (OVX) rats than in sham operated (SHAM) rats, while the structure model index (+91%) and Tb separation (+19%) became significantly greater.