Neuroprotective Effects of Metformin on Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Modulation of JNK and p38 MAP Kinase Signaling Pathways.

Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) is a significant pathological process in stroke, characterized by neuronal cell death and neurological dysfunction. Metformin, commonly used for diabetes management, has been noted for its neuroprotective properties, though its effects on CIRI and the mechanisms involved remain unclear. This study explored the neuroprotective impact of metformin on CIRI, focusing on its potential to modulate the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 MAP kinase (p38) signaling pathways.

The Efficacy of Surgical Resection versus Radiofrequency Ablation for the Treatment of Single Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A SEER-Based Study.

Background: There is controversy regarding whether patients with single hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) should be offered radiofrequency ablation (RFA) as a first-line treatment option. Thus, this study compared overall survival after surgical resection (SR) and RFA for single HCC.

Methods: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was used for this retrospective study.

protects against ischemic stroke by targeting .

Background: Ischemic stroke is a brain dysfunction disease caused by vascular obstruction. The expression of many kinds of microRNAs (miRNAs) is related to ischemic stroke. MiRNA has the ability to reduce or save ischemic injury.

Exercise Regulates the Lactate Receptor HCAR1 and ERK1/2-PI3K/Akt Pathways to Promote Cerebral Angiogenesis.

Background: We aimed to explore the ole and mechanism of lactate receptor (HCAR1) in the angiogenesis of leptomeningeal fibroblast-like cells.

Methods: Human brain fibroblast-like cells were selected and some cells were deactivated, analyzed and compared with HCAR1 mRNA and protein expressions in deactivated/normal cells. HCAR1 mice and wild type (WT) mice were selected and divided into WT, WT exercise, HCAE1 KO and HCAE1 KO exercise groups, with 10 mice for each group.

Inhibiting Autophagy Pathway of PI3K/AKT/mTOR Promotes Apoptosis in SK-N-SH Cell Model of Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease is the most common dementia disease characterized by chronic progressive neurodegeneration. The incidence of Alzheimer's disease is on the rise as the population ages at an accelerating pace. According to epidemiological data, by 2050, the number of Alzheimer's patients in the United States will be three times higher than that in 2010, and a similar trend is occurring in China.

Butylphthalide Inhibits TLR4/NF-B Pathway by Upregulation of miR-21 to Have the Neuroprotective Effect.

Stroke is a disease with the highest incidence rate and the highest mortality rate in the world. The study aims to verify the neuroprotective effect of Butylphthalide. The mice were divided into sham group, MCAO group, and MCAO + Butylphthalide-treated group.

Neuroprotective Effects of Hesperetin in Regulating Microglia Polarization after Ischemic Stroke by Inhibiting TLR4/NF-B Pathway.

This study aimed to explore the influence of hesperidin on the polarization of microglia to clarify the key mechanism of regulating the polarization of M2 microglia. C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into middle cerebral artery occlusion model group (MCAO group), MCAO + hesperidin treatment group (MCAO + hesperidin group), and sham group (sham operation group). The mice were assessed with neurological scores for their functional status.

MicroRNA-140 silencing represses the incidence of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition leading to severe disability from progressive impairments in cognitive functions including memory and learning. Non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) have been linked to the pathogenesis of AD. The present study aimed to investigate the clinical significance and biological function of miR-140 in AD.