Cultivation of novel Atribacterota from oil well provides new insight into their diversity, ecology, and evolution in anoxic, carbon-rich environments.

Background: The Atribacterota are widely distributed in the subsurface biosphere. Recently, the first Atribacterota isolate was described and the number of Atribacterota genome sequences retrieved from environmental samples has increased significantly; however, their diversity, physiology, ecology, and evolution remain poorly understood.

Results: We report the isolation of the second member of Atribacterota, Thermatribacter velox gen.

gen. nov., sp. nov., a bacterium isolated from oil sludge, and proposal of fam. nov.

A microaerophilic, Gram-negative, motile, and spiral-shaped bacterium, designated Y-M2, was isolated from oil sludge of Shengli oil field. The optimal growth condition of strain Y-M2 was at 25 °C, pH 7.0, and in the absence of NaCl.

Shumkonia mesophila gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel representative of Shumkoniaceae fam. nov. and its potentials for extracellular polymeric substances formation and sulfur metabolism revealed by genomic analysis.

A microaerophilic, mesophilic, chemoorganoheterotrophic bacterium, designated Y-P2, was isolated from oil sludge enrichment in China. Cells of the strain were Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped or slightly curved with 0.8-3.

Hominibacterium faecale gen. nov., sp. nov., an anaerobic L-arginine-degrading bacterium isolated from human feces.

Two anaerobic, mesophilic bacteria SF3 and ASD5510 were isolated from human feces in two different countries. Strain SF3 shared 99.9% of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with strain ASD5510, and 92.

Description of a moderately acidotolerant and aerotolerant anaerobic bacterium Acidilutibacter cellobiosedens gen. nov., sp. nov. within the family Acidilutibacteraceae fam. nov., and proposal of Sporanaerobacteraceae fam. nov. and Tepidimicrobiaceae fam. nov.

A Gram-stain positive, moderately thermophilic, acidotolerant and aerotolerant anaerobic bacterium, designated JN-28 , was isolated from the pit mud of Chinese strong-flavor liquor. Growth was observed at 25-50 °C and pH 5.5-8.

Genome-wide analysis of Keratinibaculum paraultunense strain KD-1 and its key genes and metabolic pathways involved in the anaerobic degradation of feather keratin.

Keratinibaculum paraultunense strain KD-1 (= JCM 18769 = DSM 26752) is a strictly anaerobic rod-shaped bacterium. Under optimal conditions, feather keratin can be completely degraded by strain KD-1 within 24 h. Genomic sequencing showed that the genome was a single circular chromosome consisting of 2,307,997 base pairs (bp), with an average G + C content of 29.

Integration of transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of cold shock response in Kosmotoga olearia, a typical thermophile with an incredible minimum growth temperature at 20 °C.

Kosmotoga olearia TBF 19.5.1 is a typical thermophile with optimal growth at 65 °C and also exhibits visible growth at an incredible minimum temperature (20 °C).

sp. nov., an anaerobic bacterium isolated from the pit mud of strong aromatic Chinese liquor, and emended description of the genus .

A novel mesophilic, aerotolerant anaerobic bacterium, designated JN-18, was isolated from the pit mud of a strong aromatic Chinese liquor. According to a 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, it had the highest sequence similarity to DSM 103574 (95.69%).

Variation of Metagenome From Feedstock to Digestate in Full-Scale Biogas Plants.

Anaerobic digestion (AD) has been widely used to resolve the problem of organic wastes worldwide. Previous studies showed that the types of feedstock have a great influence on the AD microbiome, and a huge number of AD populations are migrated from upstream feedstocks. However, the changes of microbial compositions from feedstock to AD digestate are still less understood.

Findings from the initial Stepwise Approach to Rabies Elimination (SARE) Assessment in China, 2019.

In 2015, China and other member states of the United Nations adopted the goal of eliminating dog-mediated rabies by 2030. China has made substantial progress in reducing dog-mediated human rabies since peaking with more than 3,300 reported cases in 2007. To further improve coordination and planning, the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, in collaboration with the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, conducted a Stepwise Approach towards Rabies Elimination (SARE) assessment in March 2019.

sp. nov., a thermophilic bacterium isolated from an anaerobic reactor degrading propionate.

An anaerobic, Gram-stain-positive, spore-forming bacterium, designated strain PYR-10, was isolated from a mesophilic methanogenic consortium. Cells were 0.7-1.

Lactobacillus panisapium sp. nov., from honeybee Apis cerana bee bread.

A novel facultatively anaerobic, Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, catalase-negative bacterium of the genus Lactobacillus, designated strain Bb 2-3, was isolated from bee bread of Apis cerana collected from a hive in Kunming, China. The strain was regular rod-shaped. Optimal growth occurred at 37 °C, pH 6.

Two-step heating mode with the same energy consumption as conventional heating for enhancing methane production during anaerobic digestion of swine wastewater.

With high percentage of washing water, swine wastewater is characterized by large volume and low concentration of total solids. Thus, in treating swine wastewater, it is relatively difficult to heat digesters, resulting in low methane production at low ambient temperatures (ATs). To increase methane production from swine wastewater, this study proposed a novel "two-step heating (TSH)" mode with the same energy consumption as a one-step process for anaerobic digestion.

A comparative study of composting the solid fraction of dairy manure with or without bulking material: Performance and microbial community dynamics.

The present study compared the development of various physicochemical properties and the composition of microbial communities involved in the composting process in the solid fraction of dairy manure (SFDM) with a sawdust-regulated SFDM (RDM). The changes in several primary physicochemical properties were similar in the two composting processes, and both resulted in mature end-products within 48days. The bacterial communities in both composting processes primarily comprised Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes.

Characterization and microbial community shifts of rice strawdegrading microbial consortia.

Objective: To study the relationship between microbial community and degradation rate of rice straw, we compared and analyzed cellulose-decomposing ability, microbial community structures and shifts of microbial consortia F1 and F2.

Methods: We determined exoglucanase activity by 3, 5-dinitrosalicylic acid colorimetry. We determined content of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in rice straw by Van Soest method, and calculated degradation rates of rice straw by the weight changes before and after a 10-day incubation.

Defluviitalea raffinosedens sp. nov., a thermophilic, anaerobic, saccharolytic bacterium isolated from an anaerobic batch digester treating animal manure and rice straw.

A thermophilic, anaerobic, fermentative bacterium, strain A6T, was obtained from an anaerobic batch digester treating animal manure and rice straw. Cells were Gram-stain-positive, slightly curved rods with a size of 0.6-1×2.

Paenibacillus nasutitermitis sp. nov., isolated from a termite gut.

A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, aerobic and terminal-endospore-forming rod-shaped bacterium, strain P5-1T, was isolated from the hindgut of a wood-feeding higher termite, Nasutitermes sp. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strain was closely related to Paenibacillus sepulcri CCM 7311T (97.5 % similarity).

[Identification and molecular subtyping of Campylobacter jejuni isolated from chicken carcass].

Objective: To characterize and investigate the molecular types of Campylobacter jejuni isolated from slaughter chicken carcass, which would provide scientific data for campylobacter food poisoning traceability.

Methods: Biochemical and molecular biological methods were used for screening and identification of isolates from chicken special monitoring networks. Campylobacter Genus-specific primers 16S rRNA and species-specific primers MapA and CeuE were designed to perform a multiplex PCR to identify these isolated strains.

Isolation and characterization of Keratinibaculum paraultunense gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel thermophilic, anaerobic bacterium with keratinolytic activity.

A novel thermophilic, anaerobic, keratinolytic bacterium designated KD-1 was isolated from grassy marshland. Strain KD-1 was a spore-forming rod with a Gram-positive type cell wall, but stained Gram-negative. The temperature, pH, and NaCl concentration range necessary for growth was 30-65 °C (optimum 55 °C), 6.

[Isolation, identification and enzyme characterization of a thermophilic cellulolytic anaerobic bacterium].

Objective: To identify a thermophilic bacterium from horse manure to degrade cellulose efficiently, and to enrich microbial resources producing cellulolytic ethanol by co-culturing with thermophilic ethanol producing bacterium.

Methods: We used Hungate anaerobic technique to isolate a strain named as HCp from horse manure mixed culture; its phylogeny was identified through 16S rDNA sequencing. Enzymatic assays were determined using DNS method.

[Characterization of an acidotolerant, thermophilic Thermoanaerobacter sp. xyl-d with a high xylose conversion].

Objective: We screened a thermophilic xylolytic bacterium that produced fuel ethanol from a high-temperature oil reservoir, and provided microbial resources to genetic engineering strains construction and consolidated bioprocessing.

Methods: We adopted Hungate anaerobic technique to isolate strain xyl-d from oil reservoir water sample enriched for two years from Shengli Oilfield in China, and we identified strain xyl-d with morphological, physiological, biochemical and phylogenetic analysis.

Results: Strain xyl-d was gram-negative, rod-shaped, spore-forming and strictly anaerobic.