Reversing Surface Charge for Highly-Active Organic Photovoltaic Catalysts.

Organic photovoltaic materials typically exhibit low charge separation and transfer efficiency and severe exciton/carrier recombination due to high exciton binding energy and short exciton diffusion lengths, limiting the enhancement of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance. Here, we introduce a surface charge reversal strategy to regulate the charge character of organic photovoltaic catalyst (OPC). Compared to OPC nanoparticles (NPs) stabilized by an anionic surfactant ((-) NPs), NPs stabilized by a cationic surfactant ((+) NPs) exhibit a raised Fermi level, larger surface band bending and Schottky barrier, thereby enhancing charge separation and transfer efficiency while suppressing charge carrier recombination.

Effect of Adjuvant Chemotherapy Cycles on Patients with Node-Negative Gastric Cancer Following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: Multicenter Cohort Study.

Background: Research investigating the potential impact of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy cycles on patients with lymph node-negative gastric cancer following neoadjuvant chemotherapy is currently sparse. This study aims to explore the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy cycles on the prognosis of this specific patient group.

Patients And Methods: We analyzed clinicopathological data from patients at four institutions between 2010 and 2020.

The value of amide proton transfer imaging in assessing brain damage in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

Objective: To investigate the application value of amide proton transfer (APT) magnetic resonance imaging in evaluating brain damage in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Materials And Methods: 49 OSA patients and 25 healthy individuals matched for age and sex were included as case and control groups. All study participants underwent conventional 3D T1WI and APT imaging of the head.

Assessment of thermal power plant CO emissions quantification performance and uncertainty of measurements by ground-based remote sensing.

Thermal power plants serve as significant CO sources, and accurate monitoring of their emissions is crucial for improving the precision of global carbon emission estimates. In this study, a measurement method based on measuring point source plumes was employed in ground-based remote sensing experiments at the thermal power plant. By simulating CO plumes, we analyzed the impact of surrounding urban structures, the geometric relationship between measurement points and plumes, and the influence on measurement points selection.

MiR-653-5p drives osteoarthritis pathogenesis by modulating chondrocyte senescence.

Background: Due to the unclear pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA), effective treatment for this ailment is presently unavailable. Accumulating evidence points to chondrocyte senescence as a key driver in OA development. This study aims to identify OA-specific microRNAs (miRNAs) targeting chondrocyte senescence to alleviate OA progression.

Both Resilience and Adhesivity Define Solid Electrolyte Interphases for a High Performance Anode.

Solid electrolyte interphases (SEIs) are sought to protect high-capacity anodes, which suffer from severe volume changes and fast degradations. The previously proposed effective SEIs were of high strength yet abhesive, inducing a yolk-shell structure to decouple the rigid SEI from the anode for accommodating the volume change. Ambivalently, the interfacial void-evolved electro-chemo-mechanical vulnerabilities become inherent defects.

Consummating ion desolvation in hard carbon anodes for reversible sodium storage.

Hard carbons are emerging as the most viable anodes to support the commercialization of sodium-ion (Na-ion) batteries due to their competitive performance. However, the hard carbon anode suffers from low initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE), and the ambiguous Na-ion (Na) storage mechanism and interfacial chemistry fail to give a reasonable interpretation. Here, we have identified the time-dependent ion pre-desolvation on the nanopore of hard carbons, which significantly affects the Na storage efficiency by altering the solvation structure of electrolytes.

Weak-Interaction Environment in a Composite Electrolyte Enabling Ultralong-Cycling High-Voltage Solid-State Lithium Batteries.

Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)-based solid electrolytes with a Li salt-polymer-little residual solvent configuration are promising candidates for solid-state batteries. Herein, we clarify the microstructure of PVDF-based composite electrolyte at the atomic level and demonstrate that the Li-interaction environment determines both interfacial stability and ion-transport capability. The polymer works as a "solid diluent" and the filler realizes a uniform solvent distribution.

Changes in physiology, antioxidant system, and gene expression in Microcystis aeruginosa under fenoxaprop-p-ethyl stress.

Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (FE) is one of the typical aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicides. FE has been widely applied in agriculture in recent years. Human health and aquatic ecosystems are threatened by the cyanobacteria blooms caused by Microcystis aeruginosa, which is one of the most common cyanobacteria responsible for freshwater blooming.

Prognostic impact of age in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients undergoing first-line checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy and chemotherapy treatment.

Background: Research on the association between age and clinical outcome in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy as first-line setting is limited. The aim of study is to determine the influence of age on the progress-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in those patients after adjusting for potential confounders.

Methods: A total of 207 advanced NSCLC patients treated with immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in the first-line treatment in Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital from March 10, 2019, to December 31, 2022, was retrospectively analyzed.

SM22α deficiency: promoting vascular fibrosis via SRF-SMAD3-mediated activation of transcription following arterial injury.

Vascular fibrosis, characterized by increased Type I collagen expression, significantly contributes to vascular remodeling. Our previous studies show that disrupting the expression of SM22α (aka SM22, Tagln) induces extensive vascular remodeling following arterial injury, involving oxidative stress, inflammation, and chondrogenesis within the vessel wall. This study aims to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the transcription of , a key fibrotic extracellular matrix marker.

Enhanced SSD framework for detecting defects in cigarette appearance using variational Bayesian inference under limited sample conditions.

In high-speed cigarette manufacturing industries, occasional minor cosmetic cigarette defects and a scarcity of samples significantly hinder the rapid and accurate detection of defects. To tackle this challenge, we propose an enhanced single-shot multibox detector (SSD) model that uses variational Bayesian inference for improved detection of tiny defects given sporadic occurrences and limited samples. The enhanced SSD model incorporates a bounded intersection over union (BIoU) loss function to reduce sensitivity to minor deviations and uses exponential linear unit (ELU) and leaky rectified linear unit (ReLU) activation functions to mitigate vanishing gradients and neuron death in deep neural networks.

Ubiquitylation-independent cotranslational degradation of dihydrofolate reductase and ubiquitin.

Nascent proteins are degraded during or immediately after synthesis, a process called cotranslational protein degradation (CTPD). Although CTPD was observed decades ago, it has never been fully explored mechanistically and functionally. We show here that dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) and ubiquitin (Ub), two stable proteins widely used in protein degradation studies, are actually subject to CTPD.

Fluorinating All Interfaces Enables Super-Stable Solid-State Lithium Batteries by In Situ Conversion of Detrimental Surface LiCO.

Li-stuffed battery materials intrinsically have surface impurities, typically LiCO, which introduce severe kinetic barriers and electrochemical decay for a cycling battery. For energy-dense solid-state lithium batteries (SSLBs), mitigating detrimental LiCO from both cathode and electrolyte materials is required, while the direct removal approaches hardly avoid LiCO regeneration. Here, a decarbonization-fluorination strategy to construct ultrastable LiF-rich interphases throughout the SSLBs by in situ reacting LiCO with LiPF at 60 °C is reported.

Insights into elastic fiber fragmentation: Mechanisms and treatment of aortic aneurysm in Marfan syndrome.

Marfan syndrome (MFS) is an autosomal dominant connective tissue disorder caused by mutations in fibrillin 1 (FBN1) gene. These mutations result in defects in the skeletal, ocular, and cardiovascular systems. Aortic aneurysm is the leading cause of premature mortality in untreated MFS patients.

Step-by-step desolvation enables high-rate and ultra-stable sodium storage in hard carbon anodes.

Hard carbon is regarded as the most promising anode material for sodium-ion (Na-ion) batteries, owing to its advantages of high abundance, low cost, and low operating potential. However, the rate capability and cycle life span of hard carbon anodes are far from satisfactory, severely hindering its industrial applications. Here, we demonstrate that the desolvation process defines the Na-ion diffusion kinetics and the formation of a solid electrolyte interface (SEI).

OEA loaded liposomes with the neuroprotective effect for stroke therapy.

With high mortality, stroke has become a serious threat to human health. Nevertheless, the strategy for stroke therapy is quite limited in the clinic till now. In this research, we prepared a novel neuroprotective nanoformulation (OEA Liposomes) via encapsulating endogenous N-oleoylethanolamine (OEA) in liposomes for intravenous administration.

Hierarchical Context-Based Emotion Recognition With Scene Graphs.

For a better intention inference, we often try to figure out the emotional states of other people in social communications. Many studies on affective computing have been carried out to infer emotions through perceiving human states, i.e.

Dual Drug Loaded, pH-Sensitive Metal-Organic Particles for Synergistic Cancer Therapy.

The strategy for dual drug-loaded nanomedicine with targeting properties was always complex. Herein, a novel strategy for the preparation of metal-organic particle-based nanomedicine has been developed, and combretastatin A4 (CA4) and mitoxantrone (MIT) loaded MOPs (CMMOPs) have been obtained. In this system, using merely Cu(II) as a bridge to connect and coordinate with the dual drugs has resulted in the CMMOPs possessing a fairly high drug load of almost 90%.

Integrating SEI into Layered Conductive Polymer Coatings for Ultrastable Silicon Anodes.

Tackling the huge volume expansion of silicon (Si) anode desires a stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) to prohibit the interfacial side reactions. Here, a layered conductive polyaniline (LCP) coating is built on Si nanoparticles to achieve high areal capacity and long lifespan. The conformal LCP coating stores electrolyte in interlamination spaces and directs an in situ formation of LCP-integrated hybrid SEI skin with uniform distribution of organic and inorganic components, enhancing the flexibility of the SEI to buffer the volume changes and maintaining homogeneous ion transport during cycling.

Electrolyte Sieving Chemistry in Suppressing Gas Evolution of Sodium-Metal Batteries.

The sodium (Na)-metal batteries hold great promise as a sustainable technology owing to the high element abundance and low cost. However, the generally used carbonate electrolytes remain highly reactive towards Na metal, leading to flammable gas evolution. Here, we propose an electrolyte sieving strategy to separate anion-mediated ion-pairs from dilute electrolytes by introducing a 3A zeolite molecular sieve film.

Hybrid Printing Method of Polymer and Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites (CFRTPCs) for Pipes through Double-Nozzle Five-Axis Printer.

The most widely used 3D process, fused deposition modeling (FDM), has insufficient interlayer adhesion due to its layer-by-layer forming method. A support material is also essential for the hollow parts and cantilevers. Moreover, the polymer materials used have limited mechanical properties.

Formamidinium Perovskitizers and Aromatic Spacers Synergistically Building Bilayer Dion-Jacobson Perovskite Photoelectric Bulk Crystals.

Two-dimensional (2D) multilayer Dion-Jacobson (DJ) phase organic inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHPs) have attracted extensive research attention due to the high stability and excellent charge-transport properties in the optoelectronic field. However, the synthesis of 2D multilayer DJ OIHPs is still very challenging. Until now, only few multilayer DJ perovskites have been reported and most of them are based on volatile methylamine (MA) cations.

Identification of Candidate Target Genes and Immune Cells in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background: The advance of new treatment strategies for more effective management of oral cancer requires identification of novel biological targets. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify novel biomarkers associated with oral tumorigenesis and prognostic signature by comparing gene expression profile of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs).

Methods: Four datasets including GSE25099, GSE30784, GSE37991, and GSE41613 were collected from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.

Endogenous Oleoylethanolamide Crystals Loaded Lipid Nanoparticles with Enhanced Hydrophobic Drug Loading Capacity for Efficient Stroke Therapy.

Introduction: Although the preparation of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) achieves great success, their retention of highly hydrophobic drugs is still problematic.

Methods: Herein, we report a novel strategy for efficiently loading hydrophobic drugs to LNPs for stroke therapy. Oleoylethanolamide (OEA), an endogenous highly hydrophobic molecule with outstanding neuroprotective effect, was successfully loaded to OEA-SPC&DSPE-PEG lipid nanoparticles (OSDP LNPs) with a drug loading of 15.