A CuSO/Bicinchoninic acid/Reducing sugar based stable and non-ROS catalyst system for the CuAAC reaction in bioanalysis.

The limitations of commonly used sodium ascorbate-based catalyst system for copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction include excess production of reactive oxygen species and rapid catalyst deactivation. In this study instead of using a highly active reducing agent, such as, sodium ascorbate, we chose reducing sugar as a mild reducing agent to build up the catalyst system for CuAAC reaction. Interestingly, the bicinchoninic acid (BCA) assay system containing reducing sugar satisfies the essential elements of the catalyst system for CuAAC reaction.

Metal- and light-free decarboxylative direct C-H alkylation of heteroarenes at room temperature.

This study reports a metal- and light-free decarboxylative C-H alkylation of heteroarenes at room temperature. The reaction generates various primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl radicals and functionalizes seven different privileged scaffolds widely present in bioactive molecules. During this process, one equivalent of hypervalent iodine(III) carboxylates (HICs) plays dual roles as an alkyl radical precursor and an oxidant.

Strategies for the Construction of Benzobicyclo[3.2.1]octane in Natural Product Synthesis.

Benzobicyclo[3.2.1]octane is a cage-like unique motif containing a bicyclo[3.

3D Printing Technique Fortifies the Ultradeep Hydrodesulfurization Process of Diesel: A Journey of NiMo/AlO-MMT.

In this contribution, we rationally designed and controllably fabricated a NiMo/AlO-montmorillonite (3D-NiMo/AlO-MMT) monolithic catalyst via a 3D printing strategy with economical montmorillonite (MMT) as a binder. The catalytic performance of the resulting NiMo/AlO-MMT for 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT) hydrodesulfurization (HDS) was evaluated. The experimental results unveil that the 3D-NiMo/AlO-MMT monolithic catalyst exhibits robust stability and exceptional HDS activity with 99.

Chinese Herbal Medicine for the Treatment of Adult Viral Myocarditis: An Overview of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Purpose: Viral myocarditis (VMC) is a life-threatening disease that can affect all ages and genders, with middle-aged adults being particularly susceptible. Numerous systematic reviews have been conducted to investigate the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) in treating adult viral myocarditis (AVM). The objective of this study was to conduct a comprehensive overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) regarding the efficacy and safety of CHM for AVM.

Three-Step Synthesis of the Antiepileptic Drug Candidate Pynegabine.

Pynegabine, an antiepileptic drug candidate in phase I clinical trials, is a structural analog of the marketed drug retigabine with improved chemical stability, strong efficacy, and a better safety margin. The reported shortest synthetic route for pynegabine contains six steps and involves the manipulation of highly toxic methyl chloroformate and dangerous hydrogen gas. To improve the feasibility of drug production, we developed a concise, three-step process using unconventional methoxycarbonylation and highly efficient Buchwald-Hartwig cross coupling.

Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Naphthospironone A.

Naphthospironone A, a polyhydroxy cagelike bioactive natural product, was synthesised for the first time in this study. The spiro[bicyclo[3.2.

Graphene Interlocking Carbon Nanotubes for High-Strength and High-Conductivity Fibers.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are promising building blocks for the fabrication of novel fibers with structural and functional properties. However, the mechanical and electrical performances of carbon nanotube fibers (CNTFs) are far lower than the intrinsic properties of individual CNTs. Exploring methods for the controllable assembly and continuous preparation of high-performance CNTFs is still challenging.

Grafting macromolecular chains on the surface of graphene oxide through crosslinker for antistatic and thermally stable polyethylene terephthalate nanocomposites.

The graphene oxide (GO) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) molecular chains are connected together by the two amino groups of the crosslinking agent -phenylenediamine (PPD). The presence of macromolecular chains could make GO uniformly dispersed in the polymer matrix, improving the antistatic performance and thermal stability of the nanocomposite. In this paper, GO was prepared by the improved Hummers, method.

Preparation of Triple-Functionalized Montmorillonite Layers Promoting Thermal Stability of Polystyrene.

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of three different treatments on the morphology, microstructure, and the thermal characteristics of a montmorillonite (Mt) sample, by using hydrochloric acid (HCl), tributyl tetradecyl phosphonium chloride (TTPC) surfactant, and γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (γ-MPS). The resultant nanofillers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nitrogen adsorption-desorption analysis, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results showed that the amount of chemical grafting of the γ-MPS was increased after the acid treatment, whereas the amount of intercalation of the TTPC surfactant was decreased.

Long-pulsed neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser versus cryotherapy for the treatment of cutaneous warts: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Observational studies have shown promising therapeutic effects of long-pulsed neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet (LP-Nd:YAG) laser on warts.

Objective: To evaluate whether LP-Nd:YAG laser was superior to cryotherapy for cutaneous warts.

Methods: In this study, 150 adult patients with warts were randomized equally to receive laser or cryotherapy every 3 to 4 weeks, for a maximum of 4 sessions.

Strategies and Efforts towards the Total Synthesis of Palhinine Alkaloids.

The palhinine family of alkaloids were first reported in 2010, which feature an intriguing isotwistane carbon cage and a nine-membered azonane ring. It is noteworthy that the tetracyclic 5/6/6/9 skeleton was unprecedented in alkaloids before their seminal discovery. Over the past decade, extensive synthetic efforts stemming from seven research groups have resulted in two racemic total syntheses to date.

Rhodium-Catalyzed Ring-Opening Hydroacylation of Alkylidenecyclopropanes with Chelating Aldehydes for the Synthesis of γ,δ-Unsaturated Ketones.

The first intermolecular ring-opening hydroacylation of alkylidenecyclopropanes with chelating aldehydes through a rhodium-catalyzed acrylamide-promoted protocol is reported. This highly efficient catalytic system enables the direct synthesis of a diverse range of linear γ,δ-unsaturated ketones. Good functional group compatibility is demonstrated for the completely atom-economical and remarkably selective proximal C-C bond cleavage process.

Preparation and properties of amphiphilic hydrophobically associative polymer/ montmorillonite nanocomposites.

In this research, a novel amphiphilic hydrophobically associative polymer nanocomposite (ADOS/OMMT) was prepared using acrylamide (AM), sodium 4-vinylbenzenesulfonate (SSS), N, N'-dimethyl octadeyl allyl ammonium bromide (DOAAB) and organo-modified montmorillonite (OMMT) through polymerization. Both X-ray diffraction patterns and transmission electron microscopy images verified the dispersion morphology of OMMT in the copolymer matrix. Then, the effect of the introduction of OMMT layers on the copolymer properties was studied by comparing with pure copolymer AM/SSS/DOAAB (ADOS).

KSO-mediated radical cyclisation of 2-alkynylthioanisoles or -selenoanisoles: a green and regioselective route to 3-nitrobenzothiophenes and benzoselenophenes.

An acid, transition-metal, and chromatography-free radical nitration/cyclisation of 2-alkynylthioanisoles or -selenoanisoles has been developed. This is the first example of the use of highly unstable 2-nitrovinyl radicals for C-S bond formation. This facile route efficiently produces 3-nitrobenzothiophenes and benzoselenophenes, which are difficult to access classical methods.

Toward the total synthesis of grayanane diterpene mollanol A by a Prins [3 + 2] strategy.

Toward the total synthesis of a novel grayanoid, mollanol A, we developed a concise convergent strategy based on a formal [3 + 2] cyclization initiated by the Prins reaction. In this key intermolecular reaction between an unprotected hydroxyaldehyde and activating-group-free olefins, two chiral carbons and one densely substituted tetrahydrofuran ring were constructed stereoselectively.

Enantioselective Synthesis and Antifungal Activity of C18 Polyacetylenes.

Fungal pathogens cause serious crop diseases and decrease crop yields and quality. Polyacetylene alcohols are plant secondary metabolites and bioactive against various pathogenic fungi. They are, however, difficult to synthesize.

The mechanical properties, microstructures and mechanism of carbon nanotube-reinforced oil well cement-based nanocomposites.

High performance cement-based nanocomposites were successfully fabricated through the use of oil well cement filled with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as reinforcements. The dispersibilities of four dispersing agents for the MWCNTs were investigated and compared. The dispersed morphologies and structural characteristics of the MWCNTs were analyzed TEM, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy studies.

Synthesis of the Tricyclic Caged Core of Palhinine Alkaloids Based on a Non-Diels-Alder-Type Strategy.

A concise synthesis of the tricyclo[4.3.1.

Effect of Bifunctional Montmorillonite on the Thermal and Tribological Properties of Polystyrene/Montmorillonite Nanocomposites.

In this work, the effect of doubly functionalized montmorillonite (MMT) on the structure, morphology, thermal, and tribological characteristics of the resulting polystyrene (PS) nanocomposites was investigated. The modification of the MMT was performed using a cationic surfactant and an anionic surfactant or a silane coupling agent to increase the compatibility with PS matrix. The polystyrene/organo-montmorillonite (PS/OMMT) nanocomposite particles were prepared by soap-free emulsion polymerization.

Anion amphiphilic random copolymers and their performance as stabilizers for O/W nanoemulsions.

A series of anionic amphiphilic random copolymers with sodium p-styrene sulfonate and dodecyl methacrylate side chains were synthesized free radical polymerization and their properties in the formation and stabilization of nano-emulsions were investigated. Using poly(sodium p-styrene sulfonate)--poly(dodecyl methacrylate) and Brij 30 as a stabilizer to prepare nanoemulsions, we obtained small droplet size and unimodal distribution nanoemulsions by a low-energy phase inversion composition (PIC) method. The p(SSS)--p(LMA)-Brij 30 co-stabilized nanoemulsions show extraordinary long-term stability and heat resistance, there were almost no variations of droplet size after storing for 35 days and no phase inversion occurred when heating the temperature up to 90 °C.