Strategies and mechanisms for improving the detection accuracy of nonextractable residues of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils.

The methods that can accurately measure the concentrations of nonextractable residues (NERs) of hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs) in soil are still lacked in current studies. In this study, three methods, namely methanolic saponification treatment (MST), silylation treatment (ST), and acid deashing treatment (ADT), were investigated and then combined to extract the NERs of six types of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from nine soil samples. The NER concentrations of PAHs obtained by ST (2.

Accurate prediction bioaccessibility of PAHs in soil-earthworm system by novel magnetic solid phase extraction technique.

Conventional chemical extraction methods may lead to overestimate or underestimate bioaccessibility due to their inability to provide realistic kinetic information regarding PAHs in soils. In this study, we propose the use of magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) technique for assessing the bioaccessibility of PAHs in the soil-earthworm system. Firstly, a novel polydopamine-coated magnetic core-shell microspheres (FeO-CPDA) was developed by a one-pot sol-gel and self-polymerization method.

Preparation of magnetic Janus microparticles for the rapid removal of microplastics from water.

The continuous spread of microplastics in aquatic environments poses a growing concern and a potential risk to human health. To address this concern, this paper presents a novel approach using magnetic Janus microparticles (MJMs) synthesized via a modified Pickering emulsion method with aminated FeO@SiO as the raw material. The effectiveness of these MJMs in removing polystyrene (PS) and polyethylene (PE) microplastics from water was investigated.

Magnetic poly(β-cyclodextrin) combined with solubilizing agents for the rapid bioaccessibility measurement of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils.

The rapid determination of the bioaccessibility of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soils is challenging due to their slow desorption rates and the insufficient extraction efficiency of the available methods. Herein, magnetic poly(β-cyclodextrin) microparticles (FeO@PCD) were combined with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPCD) or methanol (MeOH) as solubilizing agents to develop a rapid and effective method for the bioaccessibility measurement of PAHs. FeO@PCD was first validated for the rapid and quantitative adsorption of PAHs from MeOH and HPCD solutions.

Tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile-crosslinked β-cyclodextrin polymer as a binding agent of diffusive gradients in thin-films for sampling endocrine disrupting chemicals in water.

β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) is an inexpensive and reproducible material derived from corn starch. It is possible that tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile-crosslinked β-cyclodextrin polymer (TFN-CD), a cheap but efficient adsorbent, could be a suitable binding agent for use in the passive sampling technique, diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT). Herein, the TFN-CD binding gel was prepared and then evaluated as the binding phase of DGT to sample six endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in water.

Assessment of commercial porous polyethylene frit for extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from water.

Exploring commercial and inexpensive sorbents for extraction of organic pollutants is still an active area of research. Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene sieve plate (UMPESP) is a commercially available, low-cost, and porous frit, which has been widely used in solid-phase extraction cartridges to fix the filling materials. In this work, UMPESP was investigated for the extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from water samples.

Magnetic solid-phase extraction as a novel method for the prediction of the bioaccessibility of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

Chemical methods used to predict the bioaccessibility of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) still need further development and improvement. In this work, magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) based on poly(β-cyclodextrin)-coated magnetic polydopamine (FeO@PDA@PCD) was first introduced to assess the bioaccessibility of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soils. Due to its good hydrophilicity and submicrometer scale, FeO@PDA@PCD displayed a higher extraction rate for PAHs in an aqueous solution (equilibrium time < 5 min) than Tenax resin, which had an equilibrium time longer than 30 min.

Facile synthesis of polydivinylbenzene coated magnetic polydopamine coupled with pressurized liquid extraction for the extraction and cleanup of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils.

Due to the trace levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil and the complexity of soil matrices, effective sample pretreatment methods are of great significance to obtain accurate analytical results. In this paper, polydopamine (PDA) encapsulated FeO particles were used as seeds for in situ polymerization of divinylbenzene (DVB) to derive magnetic hybrid material FeO@PDA@PDVB. Coupled with pressurized liquid extraction, FeO@PDA@PDVB was investigated as a selective adsorbent for the extraction and cleanup of PAHs in soil.

Polydopamine-coated polyethylene sieve plate as an efficient and convenient adsorption sink for the bioaccessibility prediction of PAHs in soils.

Bioaccessibility measurements of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soils are significant for exposure risk assessment. The current physicochemical methods require tedious operation processes, underestimate the actual risks, or are unsuitable for high organic content soils. In this work, an efficient and convenient method based on polydopamine-coated polyethylene sieve plate (PDA@PESP) and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPCD) was developed to predict the bioaccessibility of PAHs in multi-type soils.

Rapid preparation of methyltrimethoxy-modified magnetic mesoporous silica as an effective solid-phase extraction adsorbent.

A time-saving method was applied to synthesize methyltrimethoxy-modified magnetic mesoporous silica with or without p-toluenesulfonic acid as the catalyst for magnetic solid-phase extraction. The synthesized materials were systematically characterized. Results demonstrated that methyltrimethoxy modified magnetic mesoporous silica with p-toluenesulfonic acid as the catalyst has a relatively smaller aperture and extreme hydrophobicity (water contact angle of 135°).

Facile preparation of hexadecyl-functionalized magnetic core-shell microsphere for the extraction of polychlorinated biphenyls in environmental waters.

Alkyl moieties which can retain target analytes due to their lipophilicity are important in sample preparation. In this work, hexadecyl-functionalized magnetic core-shell microspheres (FeO@SiO-C) was successfully prepared by one-pot sol-gel method and used for magnetic solid-phase extraction of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in environmental water samples. Optimized preparation method was achieved by altering the adding moment of hexadecyl-silane.