From Requirement to Solution: Unveiling Problem-Driven Design Patterns in Visual Analytics.

Visual Analytics (VA) researchers frequently collaborate closely with domain experts to derive requirements and select appropriate solutions to fulfill these requirements. Despite strides made in exploring requirement and solution spaces, challenges persist due to the absence of guidance in the initial consideration space and the lack of shared problem-solving knowledge, often resulting in suboptimal solutions. To address these issues, we conducted an empirical study of VA research, with a focus on mapping the relations between requirement and solution spaces.

Radiofrequency Ablation Versus Thoracoscopic Sublobar Resection for the Treatment of Pulmonary Ground Glass Nodules: A Retrospective Observational Study.

Purpose: A variety of treatments options for pulmonary ground glass nodules (GGNs) are currently under investigation. This study aimed to retrospectively compare the safety and efficacy of two therapeutic concepts, radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and thoracoscopic sublobar resection, in the treatment of patients with resectable pulmonary GGNs.

Materials And Methods: This bi-center retrospective study included patients with resectable pulmonary GGNs who received either thoracoscopic sublobar resection or percutaneous computed tomography (CT)-guided RFA.

In Situ Slow-Release Hydrogen Sulfide Therapeutics for Advanced Disease Treatments.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS) gas therapygarners significant attention for its potential to improve outcomes in various disease treatments. The quantitative control of HS release is crucial for effective the rapeutic interventions; however, traditional researchon HS therapy frequently utilizes static release models and neglects the dynamic nature of blood flow. In this study, we propose a novel slow-release in-situ HS release model that leverages the dynamic hydrolysis of HS donorswithin the bloodstream.

Zinc Vaporization Induced Formation of Desired Ni Nanoparticles Coated with Ultrathin Carbon Shells for Efficient Electrocatalytic H Production Coupling with Methanol Upgrading.

The integration of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) with the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) has been demonstrated to be a viable strategy for the energy-saving generation of H and value-added formate, which relies primarily on highly active and cost-effective bifunctional electrocatalysts. Herein, an efficient electrocatalyst consisting of controllable Ni nanoparticles (NPs) coated with ultrathin graphitic carbon shells was obtained by the pyrolysis of a Ni-Zn metal-organic framework. Intriguingly, we found that zinc vaporization not only resulted in the relatively small Ni NPs but also ultrathin carbon shells (≤3 layers).

Elevated SLC3A2 associated with poor prognosis and enhanced malignancy in gliomas.

The role of SLC3A2, a gene implicated in disulfidptosis, has not been characterized in gliomas. This study aims to clarify the prognostic value of SLC3A2 and its influence on glioma. We evaluated the expression of SLC3A2 and its prognostic importance in gliomas using publicly accessible databases and our clinical glioma samples and with reliance on Meta and Cox regression analysis approaches.

Protein neddylation and its role in health and diseases.

NEDD8 (Neural precursor cell expressed developmentally downregulated protein 8) is an ubiquitin-like protein that is covalently attached to a lysine residue of a protein substrate through a process known as neddylation, catalyzed by the enzyme cascade, namely NEDD8 activating enzyme (E1), NEDD8 conjugating enzyme (E2), and NEDD8 ligase (E3). The substrates of neddylation are categorized into cullins and non-cullin proteins. Neddylation of cullins activates CRLs (cullin RING ligases), the largest family of E3 ligases, whereas neddylation of non-cullin substrates alters their stability and activity, as well as subcellular localization.

Coupling harmful algae derived nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon nanosheets with CeO to enhance the photocatalytic degradation of isothiazolinone biocide.

Removing the algae from water bodies is an effective treatment toward the worldwide frequently occurred harmful algae blooms (HAB), but processing the salvaged algae waste without secondary pollution places another burden on the economy and environment. Herein, a green hydrothermal process without any chemical addition was developed to resource the HAB algae (Microcystis sp.) into autogenous nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon nanosheet materials C-CNS and W-CNS, whose alga precursors were collected from pure culture and a wild bloom pond, respectively.

Diagnostic performance evaluation of urine HIV-1 antibody rapid test kits in a real-life routine care setting in China.

Objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of urine HIV antibody rapid test kits in screening diverse populations and to analyse subjects' willingness regarding reagent types, purchase channels, acceptable prices, and self-testing.

Designs: Diagnostic accuracy studies PARTICIPANTS: A total of 2606 valid and eligible samples were collected in the study, including 202 samples from female sex workers (FSWs), 304 persons with injection drug use (IDU), 1000 pregnant women (PW), 100 subjects undergoing voluntary HIV counselling and testing (VCT) and 1000 students in higher education schools or colleges (STUs). Subjects should simultaneously meet the following inclusion criteria: (1) being at least 18 years old and in full civil capacity, (2) signing an informed consent form and (3) providing truthful identifying information to ensure that the subjects and their samples are unique.

Why does HER2-positive breast cancer metastasize to the brain and what can we do about it?

Breast cancer is the most frequent malignancy in women. However, in the middle and late stages, some people develop distant metastases, which considerably lower the quality of life and life expectancy. The brain is one of the sites where metastasis frequently happens.

Phase I Study of mTORC1/2 Inhibitor Sapanisertib (CB-228/TAK-228) in Combination with Metformin in Patients with mTOR/AKT/PI3K Pathway Alterations and Advanced Solid Malignancies.

Background: Sapanisertib (CB-228/TAK-228) is a potent, selective ATP-competitive, dual inhibitor of mTORC1/2. Metformin is thought to inhibit the mTOR pathway through upstream activation of 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) suggesting combination therapy may enhance antitumor activity of sapanisertib. We report preliminary safety, tolerability, and efficacy from the dose-escalation study of sapanisertib in combination with metformin in patients with advanced solid tumors.

GPR37 expression as a prognostic marker in gliomas: a bioinformatics-based analysis.

Background: Gliomas are the most frequently diagnosed primary brain tumors, and are associated with multiple molecular aberrations during their development and progression. is an orphan G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that is implicated in different physiological pathways in the brain, and has been linked to various malignancies. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between gene expression and the clinicopathological factors, patient prognosis, tumor-infiltrating immune cell signature GSEA and methylation levels in glioma.

Risk Factors for Post-Operative Pulmonary Infection in Patients With Brain Tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This study aims to analyze the risk factors for post-operative pulmonary infection in patients with brain tumors by meta-analysis to provide a reference for its prevention. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Ovid, and four Chinese databases (CNKI, SinoMed, VIP, and Wanfang databases) were searched for studies covering risk factors of pulmonary infection in patients with brain tumors, limited to the duration from the dates of inception of the respective databases to December 31, 2022. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to assess the evidence.

Comprehensive analysis of the prognostic and immunological signature of eight Tripartitemotif (TRIM) family molecules in human gliomas.

Background: TRIM family molecules have been identified as being involved in the tumor progression of various cancer types. Increasingly, experimental evidence indicates that some of TRIM family molecules are implicated in glioma tumorigenesis. However, the diverse genomic changes, prognostic values and immunological landscapes of TRIM family of molecules have yet to be fully determined in glioma.

Phase I study of sapanisertib with carboplatin and paclitaxel in mTOR pathway altered solid malignancies.

Pre-clinically, the mTORC1/2 inhibitor sapanisertib restored sensitivity to platinums and enhanced paclitaxel-induced cancer cell killing. NCT03430882 enrolled patients with mTOR pathway aberrant tumors to receive sapanisertib, carboplatin and paclitaxel. Primary objective was safety and secondary objectives were clinical response and survival.

Increased level of exosomal miR-20b-5p derived from hypothermia-treated microglia promotes neurite outgrowth and synapse recovery after traumatic brain injury.

Mild hypothermia has been proven to inhibit microglia activation after TBI. Exosomal microRNA derived from microglia played a critical role in promoting neurite outgrowth and synapse recovery. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of microRNAs in microglial exosomes after hypothermia treatment on neuronal regeneration after TBI.

Optimal sites and angles for the insertion of orthodontic mini-implants at infrazygomatic crest: a cone beam computed tomography (CBCT)-based study.

Background And Objectives: Both cortical and overall bone thicknesses of the infrazygomatic crest (IZC) were measured to determine the optimal areas for mini-implants into the IZC. The impact of insertion sites, heights and angles, sex and age on bone thickness were evaluated.

Materials And Methods: In this study, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 32 patients were included.

The UBE2C/CDH1/DEPTOR axis is an oncogene and tumor suppressor cascade in lung cancer cells.

Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2C (UBE2C) mediates ubiquitylation chain formation via the K11 linkage. While previous in vitro studies showed that UBE2C plays a growth-promoting role in cancer cell lines, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Still unknown is whether and how UBE2C plays a promoting role in vivo.

Evaluation of Optimal Sites for the Insertion of Orthodontic Mini Implants at Mandibular Symphysis Region through Cone-Beam Computed Tomography.

This study aims to evaluate the overall bone thickness (OBT) and cortical bone thickness (CBT) of mandibular symphysis and to determine the optimal sites for the insertion of orthodontic mini implants. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 32 patients were included in this study. The sample was further categorized into three facial types: low-, average-, and high-angle.

Hsa_circ_0076931 suppresses malignant biological properties, down-regulates miR-6760-3p through direct binding, and up-regulates CCBE1 in glioma.

The function of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in gliomas is as yet unknown. The present study explored role of hsa_circ_0076931 in glioma. circRNA expression profiles were identified via RNA-seq followed by qRT-PCR validation in three pairs of glioma and normal brain tissues (NBT).

Familial Breast Cancer: Disease Related Gene Mutations and Screening Strategies for Chinese Population.

Background: About 5%-10% of the breast cancer cases have a hereditary background, and this subset is referred to as familial breast cancer (FBC). In this review, we summarize the susceptibility genes and genetic syndromes associated with FBC and discuss the FBC screening and high-risk patient consulting strategies for the Chinese population.

Methods: We searched the PubMed database for articles published between January 2000 and August 2021.

Retrograde nerve growth factor signaling modulates tooth mechanical hyperalgesia induced by orthodontic tooth movement via acid-sensing ion channel 3.

Orthodontic tooth movement elicits alveolar bone remodeling and orofacial pain that is manifested by tooth mechanical hyperalgesia. Nerve growth factor (NGF) is upregulated in periodontium and may modulate tooth mechanical hyperalgesia. The objectives were to examine the role of NGF in tooth mechanical hyperalgesia and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

N/OFQ modulates orofacial pain induced by tooth movement through CGRP-dependent pathways.

Background: Nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) has been revealed to play bidirectional roles in orofacial pain modulation. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a well-known pro-nociceptive molecule that participates in the modulation of orofacial pain. We aimed to determine the effects of N/OFQ on the modulation of orofacial pain and on the release of CGRP.