Performance of deep learning model and radiomics model for preoperative prediction of spread through air spaces in the surgically resected lung adenocarcinoma: a two-center comparative study.

Background: Spread through air spaces (STAS) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a distinct pattern of intrapulmonary metastasis where tumor cells disseminate within the pulmonary parenchyma beyond the primary tumor margins. This phenomenon was officially included in the World Health Organization (WHO)'s classification of lung tumors in 2015. STAS is characterized by the spread of tumor cells in three forms: single cells, micropapillary clusters, and solid nests.

High-Performance Edge-Contact Monolayer Molybdenum Disulfide Transistors.

Edge contact is essential for achieving the ultimate device pitch scaling of stacked nanosheet transistors with monolayer 2-dimensional (2D) channels. However, due to large edge-contact resistance between 2D channels and contact metal, there is currently a lack of high-performance edge-contact device technology for 2D material channels. Here, we report high-performance edge-contact monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS) field-effect transistors (FETs) utilizing well-controlled plasma etching techniques.

Temperature dependence of femtosecond photoacoustic process in high-precision characterization for metal nanofilms.

Femtosecond photoacoustic detection is a powerful all-optical technique for characterizing metal nanofilms. However, the lack of accurate descriptions of the temperature-dependent optical properties of metal nanofilms during ultrafast thermal processes hinders the deep understanding of this dynamic behavior, leading to compromised measurement accuracy. To address this, we developed Critical Point Models (CPMs) for copper and AlCu nanofilms to describe their dynamic optical properties during photoacoustic testing.

Study on the formation mechanism and effective manipulation of polymorphs and solvates in Osimertinib-Caffeic acid multi-component crystal with distinct properties.

Investigating the formation mechanism and effective manipulation of multi-component crystal polymorphs is crucial for facilitating industrial drug development. Herein, five novel Osimertinib-caffeic acid forms were first strategically tailored by varying solvent selection. Theoretical analysis demonstrated this polymorphism is correlated with multiple hydrogen bond donors-acceptors within multi-component system, which provides manipulation space for reconfiguration of intermolecular interactions and structural competition, while solvent further induced or involved in hydrogen-bonded rearrangements.

Local anaesthesia with conscious sedation in parotid gland tumour resection: a retrospective review.

Objectives: This study explored the suitability of local anaesthesia with conscious sedation for parotid gland tumour surgery.

Methods: Three hundred sixty-four medical records were reviewed to gather data on several key aspects for retrospective analysis. These included age, incision length, operation time, tumour size, NNIS score, ASA score, and pathology.

Deep Learning-Based Segmentation of Cervical Posterior Longitudinal Ligament Ossification in Computed Tomography Images and Assessment of Spinal Cord Compression: A Two-Center Study.

Objective: This study aims to develop a fully automated, computed tomography (CT)-based deep learning (DL) model to segment ossified lesions of the posterior longitudinal ligament and to measure the thickness of the ossified material and calculate the cervical spinal cord compression factor.

Methods: A total of 307 patients were enrolled, with 260 patients from Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, and 47 patients from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University. CT images were used to manually segment the Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) by 4 experienced radiologists.

Effects of Substrate Temperature on Optical, Structural, and Surface Properties of Metal-Organic Vapor Phase Epitaxy-Grown MgZnO Films.

MgZnO possesses a tunable bandgap and can be prepared at relatively low temperatures, making it suitable for developing optoelectronic devices. MgZnO (~0.1) films were grown on sapphire by metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy under different substrate-growth temperatures of 350-650 °C and studied by multiple characterization technologies like X-ray diffraction (XRD), spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE), Raman scattering, extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), and first-principle calculations.

A CT-Based Lung Radiomics Nomogram for Classifying the Severity of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major global health concern, and while traditional pulmonary function tests are effective, recent radiomics advancements offer enhanced evaluation by providing detailed insights into the heterogeneous lung changes.

Purpose: To develop and validate a radiomics nomogram based on clinical and whole-lung computed tomography (CT) radiomics features to stratify COPD severity.

Patients And Methods: One thousand ninety-nine patients with COPD (including 308, 132, and 659 in the training, internal and external validation sets, respectively), confirmed by pulmonary function test, were enrolled from two institutions.

Heterogeneous interfaces in confined microdomains of glycyrrhizic acid for polymorphism selection: Mechanisms and applications.

Understanding the mechanisms of heterogeneous nucleation to improve the precision and applicability of polymorphism selection remains challenging. In this study, the formation of confined microdomains with heterogeneous interfaces in the micelle and gel systems were reported based on the supramolecular self-assembly of glycyrrhizic acid. The polymorph with high-purity preparation of isonicotinamide and nicotinamide was achieved due to the high degree of supersaturation and diverse nucleation pathways.

Radiomics-based nomogram for predicting total knee replacement in knee osteoarthritis patients.

Background: The incidence of total knee replacement (TKR) surgeries has increased, partly attributed to healthcare policies that cause premature and potentially unwarranted interventions. This has raised concerns regarding a potential trend of excessive surgeries.

Purpose: This study aimed to propose a predictive model based on digital radiography (DR) radiomics to objectively assess the need for TKR surgery in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and to improve risk stratification, thereby avoiding unnecessary surgeries.

Stress-eliminated liquid-phase fabrication of colloidal films above the critical crack thickness.

The thickness of film materials is a critical factor influencing properties such as energy density, optical performance, and mechanical strength. However, the long-standing challenge of the intrinsic thermodynamic limit on maximum thickness often leads to detrimental cracking, compromising these desirable properties. In this study, we present an approach called the stress-eliminated liquid-phase fabrication (SELF) method.

CT-based whole lung radiomics nomogram to identify middle-aged and elderly COVID-19 patients at high risk of progressing to critical disease.

Background: COVID-19 remains widespread and poses a threat to people's physical and mental health, especially middle-aged and elderly individuals. Early identification of COVID-19 patients at high risk of progressing to critical disease helps improve overall patient outcomes and healthcare efficiency.

Purpose: To develop a radiomics nomogram to predict the risk of newly admitted middle-aged and elderly COVID-19 patients progressing to critical disease.

Accelerated spine MRI with deep learning based image reconstruction: a prospective comparison with standard MRI.

Rationale And Objectives: To evaluate the performance of deep learning (DL) reconstructed MRI in terms of image acquisition time, overall image quality and diagnostic interchangeability compared to standard-of-care (SOC) MRI.

Materials And Methods: This prospective study recruited participants between July 2023 and August 2023 who had spinal discomfort. All participants underwent two separate MRI examinations (Standard and accelerated scanning).

Virtual X-ray critical dimension metrology via Monte Carlo simulation.

X-ray critical dimension (XCD) metrology is a highly promising technique for achieving sub-nanometer precision in critical dimension measurements at advanced nodes of integrated circuit manufacturing. Compared to XCD experiments utilizing synchrotron radiation sources, those employing compact X-ray sources encounter challenges like extended testing time and increased uncertainty. To evaluate the influence of experimental conditions on measurement results, we developed an virtual X-ray critical dimension metrology via a Monte Carlo simulation (MC-VXCD).

Ptychographic Mueller matrix imaging (PMMI): principle and proof-of-concept demonstration.

Quantitative characterization of optical anisotropies is extremely important for wide fields and applications. The Mueller matrix, providing all the polarization-related properties of a medium, is a powerful tool for the comprehensive evaluation of optical anisotropies. Here, we propose a ptychographic Mueller matrix imaging (PMMI) technique, which features the Mueller matrix polarization modulation being introduced into the ptychography.

One-step high-speed thermal-electric aerosol printing of piezoelectric bio-organic films for wirelessly powering bioelectronics.

Piezoelectric biomaterials hold a pivotal role in the progression of bioelectronics and biomedicine, owing to their remarkable electromechanical properties, biocompatibility, and bioresorbability. However, their technological potential is restrained by certain challenges, including precise manipulation of nanobiomolecules, controlling their growth across nano-to-macro hierarchy, and tuning desirable mechanical properties. We report a high-speed thermal-electric driven aerosol (TEA) printing method capable of fabricating piezoelectric biofilms in a singular step.

Design and synthesis of triazolopyridine derivatives as potent JAK/HDAC dual inhibitors with broad-spectrum antiproliferative activity.

A series of triazolopyridine-based dual JAK/HDAC inhibitors were rationally designed and synthesised by merging different pharmacophores into one molecule. All triazolopyridine derivatives exhibited potent inhibitory activities against both targets and the best compound 4-(((5-(benzo[][1, ]dioxol-5-yl)-[1, 2, 4]triazolo[1, 5-]pyridin-2-yl)amino)methyl)--hydroxybenzamide (19) was dug out. 19 was proved to be a pan-HDAC and JAK1/2 dual inhibitor and displayed high cytotoxicity against two cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and RPMI-8226 with IC values in submicromolar range.

Effects of frailty on patients with oral and maxillofacial space infection: a retrospective analysis.

Objectives: To investigate the implications of frailty as a predictive factor for outcomes among patients with oral and maxillofacial space infection.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze 348 medical records, gathering data on several key aspects. These included the etiology of infection, the location of inflamed areas, the treatment administered, and the ultimate treatment outcomes.