PbS@NiFe-LDH heterojunction: an efficient photo-assisted electrocatalyst for the OER.

Recently, photo-assisted electrocatalysis as an emerging catalytic approach that combines the technologies of photocatalysis and electrocatalysis has attracted great interest among researchers. Under this circumstance, the NiFe-LDH compounded with PbS based (PbS@NFHS) heterojunction with both photoactive and electrocatalytic properties was constructed for the first time through an ambient etching route and a subsequent low-temperature hydrothermal method. The as-prepared catalyst displayed a novel hierarchical 3D open structure based on nanosheets, which offered numerous electrochemically active sites, facilitated the swift diffusion of ions and enhanced both electrical conductivity and catalytic stability, thus significantly improving the catalytic performance.

Extreme R-CNN: Few-Shot Object Detection via Sample Synthesis and Knowledge Distillation.

Traditional object detectors require extensive instance-level annotations for training. Conversely, few-shot object detectors, which are generally fine-tuned using limited data from unknown classes, tend to show biases toward base categories and are susceptible to variations within these unknown samples. To mitigate these challenges, we introduce a Two-Stage Fine-Tuning Approach (TFA) named Extreme R-CNN, designed to operate effectively with extremely limited original samples through the integration of sample synthesis and knowledge distillation.

Strategy to relieve cellular oxidative stress based on ultra-small nanobubbles without exogenous antioxidants.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in living systems are essential to physiological processes. However, excess ROS in the organism (oxidative stress) damages crucial cell components, leading to many diseases. Although some commercial antioxidants can counteract ROS damage, their inadequate tissue penetration, disruption of normal ROS functions, and possible toxicity have led to disappointing results in clinical trials for ROS-induced chronic diseases.

An enhanced YOLOv8n object detector for synthetic diamond quality evaluation.

To address the need for automated sorting of synthetic diamonds based on quality in manufacturing enterprises, this study developed a dedicated dataset and an enhanced YOLOv8n model for synthetic diamonds detection and quality evaluation, named YOLOv8n-adamas. We redesigned the backbone network to improve feature extraction capabilities and introduced a dynamic detection head based on attention mechanisms to further enhance model performance. Experimental results show that on synthetic diamonds dataset, YOLOv8n-adamas achieved a 4.

[Research progress on treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients with bone cement type femoral head replacement].

Objective: To summarize the latest research progress of bone cement type femoral head replacement in the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients.

Methods: The literature on the application of bone cement type femoral head replacement for unstable intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients both domestically and internationally was reviewed, and the findings in aspects of selection of prosthesis types, proximal femoral reconstruction methods, postoperative complications, and rehabilitation were summarized and analyzed.

Results: The bone cement type femoral head replacement has shown significant effectiveness in the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients.

Femoral anteversion angle is more advantageous than TT-TG distance in evaluating patellar dislocation: A retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to report the parameter characteristics of the femoral anteversion angle (FAA) and tibial tubercle-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance in patients with patellar instability compared to healthy individuals and to evaluate their reliability in predicting patellar dislocation, providing potential indications for osteotomy.

Methods: A retrospective collection of consecutive patients with patellar instability constituted the study group, while individuals without patellofemoral disorder served as the control group. Measurement of the FAA and TT-TG distance were conducted by lower extremity computed tomography scans and knees with true patellar dislocation were recorded.

Bazi Bushen mitigates age-related muscular atrophy by alleviating cellular senescence of skeletal muscle.

Background And Aim: Muscular atrophy is one of the most common age-related conditions characterized by the deterioration of skeletal muscle structures and impaired functions. It is associated with cellular senescence and chronic inflammation, which impair the function of muscle stem cells. Bazi Bushen (BZBS) is a patent compound Chinese medicine that has been shown to have anti-aging effects in various animal models.

Nanotube spin defects for omnidirectional magnetic field sensing.

Optically addressable spin defects in three-dimensional (3D) crystals and two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) materials are revolutionizing nanoscale quantum sensing. Spin defects in one-dimensional (1D) vdW nanotubes will provide unique opportunities due to their small sizes in two dimensions and absence of dangling bonds on side walls. However, optically detected magnetic resonance of localized spin defects in a nanotube has not been observed.

Causal role of immune cells in inflammatory bowel disease: A Mendelian randomization study.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by an inflammatory response closely related to the immune system, but the relationship between inflammation and IBD remains unclear. We performed a comprehensive 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to determine the causal relationship between immune cell characteristics and IBD. Using publicly available genetic data, we explored the relationship between 731 immune cell characteristics and IBD risk.

Sour Jujube ( var. ): A Bibliometric Review of Its Bioactive Profile, Health Benefits and Trends in Food and Medicine Applications.

Research on the comprehensive utilization of sour jujube and its beneficial properties to human health has attracted extensive attention. This study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis of the bioactive profile of sour jujube and future trends in applications. The research advancements within this field from 2000 to 2023 were addressed using the Web of Science database and VOSviewer.

Bazi Bushen capsule improves the deterioration of the intestinal barrier function by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis through microbiota-gut-brain axis.

Purpose: The senescence-accelerated prone mouse 8 (SAMP8) is a widely used model for accelerating aging, especially in central aging. Mounting evidence indicates that the microbiota-gut-brain axis may be involved in the pathogenesis and progression of central aging-related diseases. This study aims to investigate whether Bazi Bushen capsule (BZBS) attenuates the deterioration of the intestinal function in the central aging animal model.

Recovery-Based Occluded Face Recognition by Identity-Guided Inpainting.

Occlusion in facial photos poses a significant challenge for machine detection and recognition. Consequently, occluded face recognition for camera-captured images has emerged as a prominent and widely discussed topic in computer vision. The present standard face recognition methods have achieved remarkable performance in unoccluded face recognition but performed poorly when directly applied to occluded face datasets.

Study on the Characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes in Patients with Erosive Gastritis Based on Metabolomics.

According to traditional Chinese medicine theory, tongue coatings reflect changes in the body. The goal of this study was to identify a metabolite or a set of metabolites capable of classifying characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine syndromes in erosive gastritis. In this study, we collected tongue coatings of patients with erosive gastritis with damp-heat syndrome (DHS), liver depression and qi stagnation syndrome (LDQSS), and healthy volunteers.

Stiffness and BMP-2 Mimetic Peptide Jointly Regulate the Osteogenic Differentiation of Rat Bone Marrow Stromal Cells in a Gelatin Cryogel.

Both biochemical and mechanical cues could regulate the function of stem cells, but the interaction mechanism of their signaling pathway remains unclear, especially in the three-dimensional (3D) culture mode. Higher matrix stiffness promotes osteogenic differentiation of stem cells, and bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2) has been clinically applied to promote bone regeneration. Here, the crosstalk of extracellular mechanical signals on BMP-2 signaling was investigated in rat bone marrow stromal cells (rMSCs) cultured inside cryogels with interconnective pores.

MotifHub: Detection of trans-acting DNA motif group with probabilistic modeling algorithm.

Background: Trans-acting factors are of special importance in transcription regulation, which is a group of proteins that can directly or indirectly recognize or bind to the 8-12 bp core sequence of cis-acting elements and regulate the transcription efficiency of target genes. The progressive development in high-throughput chromatin capture technology (e.g.

Sex differences in abdominal visceral fat composition and metabolism as predictors of DLBCL prognosis: A retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: We aimed to determine if sex differences in abdominal visceral fat composition and metabolism can help predict the prognosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 117 DLBCL patients. The area and metabolic activity of subcutaneous adipose tissue and visceral adipose tissue were measured using CT and PET imaging.

Wavelength-Controlled Photoconductance Polarity Switching via Harnessing Defects in Doped PdSe for Artificial Synaptic Features.

Optoelectronic synapses are currently drawing significant attention as fundamental building blocks of neuromorphic computing to mimic brain functions. In this study, a two-terminal synaptic device based on a doped PdSe flake is proposed to imitate the key neural functions in an optical pathway. Due to the wavelength-dependent desorption of oxygen clusters near the intrinsic selenide vacancy defects, the doped PdSe photodetector achieves a high negative photoresponsivity of -7.

Predicting diffuse large B-cell lymphoma outcomes with lesion-to-liver maximum standardized uptake value for interim-treatment and end-of-treatment positron emission tomography-computed tomography.

Background: F-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) has been used in response evaluation systems for malignant lymphomas and is an important tool for determining efficacy and prognosis. The Deauville 5-point scale (D-5PS) is an F-FDG PET-CT image-interpretation protocol for patients with lymphoma. Nevertheless, a number of limitations in visual image interpretation, such as interobserver disagreement and the increase of false-positive results, suggests that new parameters are needed.

Mixed solvent-assisted synthesis of high mass loading amorphous NiCo-MOF as a promising electrode material for supercapacitors.

The pursuit of high mass loading metal-organic framework (MOF) materials a simple method is crucial to achieve high-performance supercapacitors. Herein, an amorphous NiCo-MOF material with a high mass loading of up to 10.3 mg cm was successfully prepared using a mixed solvent system of ethanol and water.

Silver Nanocoating of LiNiCoMnO Cathode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Surface coating has become an effective approach to improve the electrochemical performance of Ni-rich cathode materials. In this study, we investigated the nature of an Ag coating layer and its effect on electrochemical properties of the LiNiCoMnO (NCM811) cathode material, which was synthesized using 3 mol.% of silver nanoparticles by a facile, cost-effective, scalable and convenient method.

Changes in the salivary metabolome in patients with chronic erosive gastritis.

Introduction: Chronic erosive gastritis (CEG) is closely related to gastric cancer, which requires early diagnosis and intervention. The invasiveness and discomfort of electronic gastroscope have limited its application in the large-scale screening of CEG. Therefore, a simple and noninvasive screening method is needed in the clinic.

Efficient Generation of Paired Single-Cell Multiomics Profiles by Deep Learning.

Recent advances in single-cell sequencing technology have made it possible to measure multiple paired omics simultaneously in a single cell such as cellular indexing of transcriptomes and epitopes by sequencing (CITE-seq) and single-nucleus chromatin accessibility and mRNA expression sequencing (SNARE-seq). However, the widespread application of these single-cell multiomics profiling technologies has been limited by their experimental complexity, noise in nature, and high cost. In addition, single-omics sequencing technologies have generated tremendous and high-quality single-cell datasets but have yet to be fully utilized.