Effect of Mechanical Circulatory Support on Mortality After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Landmark Analysis.

A proportion of patients still need mechanical circulatory support (MCS) during the transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) because of intraoperative hemodynamic instability. However, the outcomes of patients with different MCS type during TAVR are still controversial. A total of 538 patients who underwent TAVR procedure in four centers were included.

Dietary secoisolariciresinol diglucoside crude extract improves growth through modulating rumen bacterial community and epithelial development in lambs.

Background: Flaxseed lignans, types of polyphenolic compounds, primarily consist of secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG). Natural plant extracts are becoming increasingly important as feed for ruminant animals. An underutilized plant bioactive component, SDG shows promising benefits for young ruminant production.

High-Temperature Excitonic Condensation in 2D Lattice.

Exploration of high-temperature bosonic condensation is of significant importance for the fundamental many-body physics and applications in nanodevices, which, however, remains a huge challenge. Here, in combination of many-body perturbation theory and first-principles calculations, a new-type spatially indirect exciton can be optically generated in two-dimensional (2D) BiSTe because of its unique structure feature. In particular, the spin-singlet spatially indirect excitons in BiSTe monolayer are dipole/parity allowed and reveal befitting characteristics for excitonic condensation, such as small effective mass and satisfied dilute limitation.

Flavonoids from citrus peel display potential synergistic effects on inhibiting rumen methanogenesis and ammoniagenesis: a microbiome perspective.

Flavonoids have been recognized as potential phytochemicals to reduce enteric methane (CH) production and improve rumen nitrogen efficiency in ruminants. We evaluated whether naringin, hesperidin, their combination, or a mixed citrus flavonoid extract (CFE) as additives can inhibit methanogenesis and ammoniagenesis in dairy cows using an in vitro rumen batch refermentation system. The rumen inocula from dairy cows were incubated in batch cultures with five groups: no addition (CON), hesperidin (20 g/kg DM), naringin (20 g/kg DM), hesperidin + naringin (10 g/kg DM of hesperidin + 10 g/kg DM of naringin), and CFE (20 g/kg DM).

Ruminal microbiota-host crosstalks promote ruminal epithelial development in neonatal lambs with alfalfa hay introduction.

Ruminal microbiota is gradually established after birth, while microbiota maturation could be highly diverse because of varied solid dietary accessibility. However, how the ruminal microbiota accreted from postnatal hay diets alters rumen epithelial development, and how this affects animal health remains largely unknown. Here, neonatal lambs were introduced to starchy corn-soybean starter or corn-soybean starter + alfalfa hay (AH) to investigate the influences of early life ruminal microbiome on rumen epithelial development using integrated 16s rRNA sequencing-metagenome-transcriptome approaches.

Integrative analysis reveals chemokines CCL2 and CXCL5 mediated shear stress-induced aortic dissection formation.

Background: Aortic dissection (AD) is a critical emergency in cardiovascular disease. AD occurs only in specific sites of the aorta, and the variation of shear stress in different aortic segments is a possible cause not reported. This study investigated the key molecules involved in shear stress-induced AD through quantitative bioinformatic analysis of a public RNA sequencing database and clinical tissue sample validation.

Five-year follow-up after percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation using the Venus P-valve system for patients with pulmonary regurgitation and an enlarged native right ventricular outflow tract.

Background: Percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation (PPVI) with the self-expandable Venus P-valve system is a promising treatment for patients with pulmonary regurgitation (PR) and a native right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT). However, limited data is available regarding its midterm outcomes. This study assessed the midterm clinical and echocardiographic outcomes following Venus P-valve implantation.

Bioconversion of citrus waste by long-term DMSO-cryopreserved rumen fluid to volatile fatty acids and biogas is feasible: A microbiome perspective.

Preserving rumen fluid as the inoculum for anaerobic digestion of food waste is necessary when access to animal donors or slaughterhouses is limited. This study aims to compare two preservation methods relative to fresh ruminal inoculum: (1) cryoprotected with 5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and stored at -20 °C and (2) frozen at -20 °C, both for 6 months. The fermentation activity of different inoculum was evaluated by rumen-based in vitro anaerobic fermentation tests (volatile fatty acids, biomass digestibility, and gas production).

Dried tea residue can alter the blood metabolism and the composition and functionality of the intestinal microbiota in Hu sheep.

Ruminant animals face multiple challenges during the rearing process, including immune disorders and oxidative stress. Green tea by-products have gained widespread attention for their significant immunomodulatory and antioxidant effects, leading to their application in livestock production. In this study, we investigated the effects of Dried Tea Residue (DTR) as a feed additive on the growth performance, blood biochemical indicators, and hindgut microbial structure and function of Hu sheep.

Integrated multi-omics analysis reveals the positive leverage of citrus flavonoids on hindgut microbiota and host homeostasis by modulating sphingolipid metabolism in mid-lactation dairy cows consuming a high-starch diet.

Background: Modern dairy diets have shifted from being forage-based to grain and energy dense. However, feeding high-starch diets can lead to a metabolic disturbance that is linked to dysregulation of the gastrointestinal microbiome and systemic inflammatory response. Plant flavonoids have recently attracted extensive interest due to their anti-inflammatory effects in humans and ruminants.

Tetrahydrocurcumin ameliorates postinfarction cardiac dysfunction and remodeling by inhibiting oxidative stress and preserving mitochondrial function via SIRT3 signaling pathway.

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) often leads to sudden cardiac death. Persistent myocardial ischemia increases oxidative stress and impairs mitochondrial function, contributing significantly to postinfarction cardiac dysfunction and remodeling, and the subsequent progression to heart failure (HF). Tetrahydrocurcumin (THC), isolated from the rhizome of turmeric, has antioxidant properties and has been shown to protect against cardiovascular diseases.

Charge-Transfer-Driven Phase Transition of Two-Dimensional MoTe in Donor-Acceptor Heterostructures.

In this work, based on first-principles calculations, we propose that electrene can be considered as an electron-donating substrate to drive the phase transition of MoTe from the H to T' phase, which is a topic of long-standing interest and importance. In particular, new electrenes CaXN (X = Zr, Hf) are predicted with the existence of a nearly free two-dimensional (2D) electron gas and ultralow work functions. In MoTe/CaXN donor-acceptor heterostructures, we find significantly large charge transfer (∼0.

Citrus flavonoid extracts alter the profiling of rumen antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factors of dairy cows.

Citrus flavonoid extracts (CFE) have the potential to reduce rumen inflammation, improve ruminal function, and enhance production performance in ruminants. Our previous studies have investigated the effects of CFE on the structure and function of rumen microbiota in dairy cows. However, it remains unclear whether CFE affects the prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) and virulence factors genes (VFG) in the rumen.

Ohmic contacts of the two-dimensional CaN/MoS donor-acceptor heterostructure.

In the current stage, conventional silicon-based devices are suffering from the scaling limits and the Fermi level pinning effect. Therefore, looking for low-resistance metal contacts for semiconductors has become one of the most important topics, and two-dimensional (2D) metal/semiconductor contacts turn out to be highly interesting. Alternatively, the Schottky barrier and the tunneling barrier impede their practical applications.

Feeding citrus flavonoid extracts decreases bacterial endotoxin and systemic inflammation and improves immunometabolic status by modulating hindgut microbiome and metabolome in lactating dairy cows.

The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with citrus flavonoid extracts (CFE) on milk performance, serum biochemistry parameters, fecal volatile fatty acids, fecal microbial community, and fecal metabolites in dairy cows. Eight multiparous lactating Holstein cows were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design (21-day period). Cows were fed a basal diet without addition (CON) or basal diet with added CFE at 50 (CFE50), 100 (CFE10), and 150 g/d (CFE150).

Unprecedented atomic surface of silicon induced by environmentally friendly chemical mechanical polishing.

Silicon (Si) dominates the integrated circuit (IC), semiconductor, and microelectronic industries. However, it is a challenge to achieve a sub-angstrom surface of Si. Chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) is widely used in the manufacturing of Si, while toxic and polluted slurries are usually employed in CMP, resulting in pollution to the environment.

Characterization of the Dynamic Changes of Ruminal Microbiota Colonizing Citrus Pomace Waste during Rumen Incubation for Volatile Fatty Acid Production.

Rumen microorganisms are promising for efficient bioconversion of lignocellulosic wastes to biofuels and industrially relevant products. Investigating the dynamic changes of the rumen microbial community colonizing citrus pomace (CtP) will advance our understanding of the utilization of citrus processing waste by rumen fluid. Citrus pomace in nylon bags was incubated in the rumen of three ruminally cannulated Holstein cows for 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 h.

Microbiome-Metabolomics Insights into the Milk of Lactating Dairy Cows to Reveal the Health-Promoting Effects of Dietary Citrus Peel Extracts on the Mammary Metabolism.

The effects of dietary supplementation with citrus peel extract (CPE) on milk biochemical parameters, milk bacterial community, and milk metabolites were evaluated. Eight lactating cows were allocated to a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square. Experimental treatments included the control diet (CON), and CON supplemented with CPE at 50 g/d (CPE50), 100 g/d (CPE100), and 150 g/d (CPE150).

Dietary citrus flavonoid extract improves lactational performance through modulating rumen microbiome and metabolites in dairy cows.

The effects of dietary supplementation with citrus flavonoid extract (CFE) on milk performance, rumen fermentation, rumen microbiome, rumen metabolome, and serum antioxidant indexes were evaluated. Eight multiparous lactating cows were allocated to a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square with 25-d periods consisting of 20 d of adaptation and 5 d of sampling. Experimental treatments included a control diet (CON) and CON supplemented with 50 g d (CFE50), 100 g d (CFE100), and 150 g d (CFE150).

Spontaneous Valley Polarization in a Ferromagnetic Fe(OH) Monolayer.

At present, creating sizable spontaneous valley polarization is at the center of the study of valleytronics, which, however, is still a huge challenge. In this work, we determined that the ferromagnetic Fe(OH) monolayer of the hexagonal lattice is a highly appealing candidate for valleytronics by using first-principles calculations in conjunction with tight-binding model analysis. In light of the simultaneous inversion symmetry breaking and time-reversal symmetry breaking, we illustrated that the strong spin-orbit coupling and robust ferromagnetic exchange interaction cause a spontaneous valley polarization as large as 67 meV for Fe(OH), indicative of room-temperature application.

Spontaneous Valley Polarization Caused by Crystalline Symmetry Breaking in Nonmagnetic LaOMX Monolayers.

In order to achieve valley polarization, breaking the time-reversal symmetry in two-dimensional hexagonal lattices with inversion asymmetry is the heart of current valleytronic research, which, however, has caused studies to stagnate due to the inevitable drawbacks. In this work, we go beyond the conventional paradigm and demonstrate the novel valley physics caused by lowering the crystalline symmetry instead of breaking the time-reversal symmetry. In particular, we translate our concept into concrete nonmagnetic LaOMX monolayers with a tetragonal lattice, confirming that a spontaneous structure distortion can cause the long-sought, considerably large valley polarization.

Image based beef and lamb slice authentication using convolutional neural networks.

Meat adulteration affects customers and the market. Existing meat authentication methods usually rely on special devices, and thus are limited to professional use only. Fake lamb or beef slices made from duck and fat appear in some Chinese hotpot restaurants.

Lipidomic profiling using GC and LC-MS/MS revealed the improved milk quality and lipid composition in dairy cows supplemented with citrus peel extract.

Eight lactating cows were used to determine the effects of citrus peel extract (CPE) on milk performance, antioxidant properties, and milk lipids composition. CPE supplementation up to 150 g/d (CPE150) increased milk yield and the proportions of unsaturated fatty acids of conjugated linoleic acid. CPE with abundant polyphenol and flavonoids can transfer these bioactive substances to mammary gland and improve the antioxidant properties of milk obtained from cows.