Preliminary Study on the Protective Effects and Molecular Mechanism of Procyanidins against PFOS-Induced Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion Impairment in INS-1 Cells.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) exposure on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) of rat insulinoma (INS-1) cells and the potential protective effects of procyanidins (PC). The effects of PFOS and/or PC on GSIS of INS-1 cells were investigated after 48 h of exposure (protein level: insulin; gene level: glucose transporter 2 (Glut2), glucokinase (Gck), and insulin). Subsequently, the effects of exposure on the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity were measured.

Deep Fractional Max Pooling Neural Network for COVID-19 Recognition.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a form of disease triggered by a new strain of coronavirus. This paper proposes a novel model termed "deep fractional max pooling neural network (DFMPNN)" to diagnose COVID-19 more efficiently. This 12-layer DFMPNN replaces max pooling (MP) and average pooling (AP) in ordinary neural networks with the help of a novel pooling method called "fractional max-pooling" (FMP).

Horienoids A and B, Two Heterocoupled Sesquiterpenoid Dimers from .

Two eudesmane-guaiane/lindenane heterocoupled sesquiterpenoid dimers, horienoids A () and B () with new carbon skeletons, from were characterized by a combined method. Compound featured a unique 2,10-dioxabicyclo[6.2.

Morindolestatin, Naturally Occurring Dehydromorpholinocarbazole Alkaloid from Soil-Derived Bacterium of the Genus .

Novel antilipid peroxidative carbazole alkaloids, antiostatin A (), antiostatin A (), and (±)-morindolestatin (), were isolated from a new soil-derived sp. Compound possesses an unusual cyclohexene side chain. Compound was a pair of enantiomers featuring an unprecedented [1,4]oxazino[2,3-]carbazole ring system.

Euphorkanlide A, a Highly Modified Ingenane Diterpenoid with a C Appendage from Euphorbia kansuensis.

Euphorkanlide A (1), a highly modified ingenane diterpenoid with a C appendage forming an additional hexahydroisobenzofuran-fused 19-membered macrocyclic bis-lactone ring system was isolated from the roots of Euphorbia kansuensis. Its structure was determined by extensive spectroscopic analysis and quantum-chemical calculations. Compound 1 showed significant cytotoxicities against a panel of cancer cell lines (IC < 5 μM).

[Analysis of Gene Mutation Types in 920 Cases of Thalassemia].

Objective: To investigate the gene mutation types and distribution features of α- and β-thalassemia in reproductive population of Xing bin district of Guangxi Lai bin city so as to provide the scientific basis for formulating the preventive and control measures.

Methods: The high risk population with thalassemia in 6 498 people of child-bearing age admited in department of antenatal care of our hospital from January 2017 to December 2017 were screened by blood cell test and hemoglobin electrophoresis. The gene mutation types and mutation frequency in αandβthalassemia positive cases were diagnosed and analyzied by Gap-PCR and PCR-RDB.

Benzofurans from Eupatorium chinense enhance insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in C2C12 myotubes and suppress inflammatory response in RAW264.7 macrophages.

Fourteen acetylbenzofuran derivatives, including three undescribed carbon skeletons with a newly formed hexane or benzene ring on the other side of the benzofuran ring, (±)-eupatonin A (1), (±)-eupatonin B (2), and eupatonin C (3), two new benzofurans (-)-12β-hydroxygynunone (4) and (+)-12-hydroxyl-13-noreuparin (5), as well as 9 known ones (6-14), were isolated from 95% ethanol extract of the roots of Eupatorium chinense. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods and quantum chemical DFT and TDDFT calculations of the NMR chemical shifts and ECD spectra, which helped in the determination of the relative configurations of 1 and 2 and the absolute configurations of 4 and 5, respectively. 1 and 2 were further identified to be racemic mixtures by chiral HPLC analysis.

Euphorhelipanes A and B, Triglyceride-Lowering Euphorbia Diterpenoids with a Bicyclo[4.3.0]nonane Core from Euphorbia helioscopia.

Euphorhelipanes A (1) and B (2), two Euphorbia diterpenoids with a new 4-(5,5-dimethylheptan-2-yl)-2,7-dimethylbicyclo[4.3.0]nonane skeleton, were isolated from a 95% ethanol extract of the whole plants of Euphorbia helioscopia.

Cycloartane triterpenoids from Actaea vaginata with anti-inflammatory effects in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages.

Five undescribed cycloartane triterpenoids, including two cycloartane trinor-triterpenoids, were isolated from a 70% ethanol extract of the whole plant of Actaea vaginata (Ranunculaceae), together with thirteen known cycloartane triterpenoids. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic techniques and quantum chemical calculations for intramolecular noncovalent interactions with reduced density gradient method. All compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory effects by a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated nitric oxide (NO) production model in RAW264.

Colocynthenins A-D, Ring-A seco-Cucurbitane Triterpenoids from the Fruits of Citrullus colocynthis.

Four ring-A seco-cucurbitane triterpenoids, colocynthenins A-D (1-4), together with seven known cucurbitane triterpenoids (5-11), were isolated from the fruits of Citrullus colocynthis. Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated based on spectroscopic analysis and quantum chemical ECD calculations. Compound 1 possesses an unprecedented 2,11-lactone moiety, while compound 2 is the first reported cucurbitane triterpenoid with an unusual cyano group.

In vivo regeneration of renal vessels post whole decellularized kidneys transplantation.

Nearly 50 million patients in China live with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and only about 4000 patients may receive kidney transplantation. The purpose of this study was to investigate regeneration of renal vessels post whole decellularized kidneys transplantation in vivo. We decellularized kidneys of donor rats by perfusing a detergent through the abdominal aorta, yielding feasible extracellular matrix, confirmed for acellularity before transplantation.

Expression of Nitric Oxide Synthase Isoenzyme in Lung Tissue of Smokers with and without Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Background: It has been demonstrated that only 10%-20% cigarette smokers finally suffer chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The underlying mechanism of development remains uncertain so far. Nitric oxide (NO) has been found to be closely associated with the pathogenesis of COPD, the alteration of NO synthase (NOS) expression need to be revealed.

[Vascular supply of intrinsic muscles of foot and anatomic basis for muscular flaps design].

Objective: To investigate the vascular supply of intrinsic muscles of foot and anatomic basis for muscular flap design.

Methods: A radiopaque injectate (lead oxide-gelatin mixtures, 26 ml/kg) was injected into 10 fresh cadavers. The dissected regions were photographed and each intrinsic muscles on the foot was removed and radiographed.

[The expression of macrophage migration inhibition factor in pulmonary tissues of smokers with or without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

Objective: To investigate the expression of macrophage migration inhibition factor (MIF) in pulmonary tissues of the smokers with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods: The subjects were assigned into three groups: non-smokers without COPD (control group, n = 12), smokers without COPD (smoker group, n = 13) and smokers with COPD (COPD group, n = 16). The specimens were obtained from lung tissues as far away from cancer focus as possible (> 5 cm).

[Expression of β-catenin in human pulmonary tissues of smokers with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

Objective: To investigate the expression of β-catenin in pulmonary tissues of smokers with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods: Pulmonary tissues were obtained from patients who had underwent pneumonectomy in Tongji Hospital. The subjects were assigned into non-smokers without COPD (control group), smokers without COPD (smoker group) and smokers with COPD (smoker + COPD group) based on their pulmonary functions and smoking history, with 12 subjects each group.

[Effect of electroacupuncture on nitric oxide synthase in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury].

Objective: To study the effect of electroacupuncture on nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Methods: Focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model was established using modified intravascular suture technique. The NO content in the brain tissue was detected by nitrite reduction and the expressions of nNOS and iNOS were detected by immunohistochemistry.

Plasmid-based short hairpin RNA against cyclin D1 attenuated pulmonary vascular remodeling in smoking rats.

Accumulating evidence indicated that smoking might directly induce pulmonary vascular remodeling at the initial stage of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the molecular mechanism underlying this process remains poorly understood. To investigate the role of cyclin D1 in pulmonary vascular remodeling, we constructed a plasmid-based short hairpin RNA (shRNA) to knock down the expression of cyclin D1 in smoking rats.

Expression of the Th1-specific cell-surface protein Tim-3 increases in a murine model of atopic asthma.

T-cell immunoglobulin- and mucin-domain-containing molecule-3 (Tim-3) is preferentially expressed on Th1-helper type T-cells and functions to repress the Th1-mediated immune response. However, the role of Tim-3 during the inflammatory pathogenesis of asthma remains unclear. This study determines the expression level of Tim-3 in CD4+ T-cells within the peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) isolated from a murine model of atopic asthma and explores the potential role of Tim-3 during the inflammatory response.

[PKCalpha-ERK1/2 cascade is involved in up-regulation of cyclinD1 and P21(cip1) in human airway smooth muscle cells sensitized by sera from atopic asthmatics].

Objective: To explore the role of PKCalpha-ERK1/2 cascade in PMA induced up-regulation of cyclinD1 and P21(cip1) in human airway smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) sensitized by sera from atopic asthmatics.

Methods: HASMCs in cultures were passively sensitized by 10% serum from asthmatic patients and were randomly divided into five groups: the control group, PMA treated group, PMA and PKCalpha mismatched Oligodeoxynucleotides (PKCalpha-mmODN) treated group, PMA and PKCalpha antisense Oligodeoxynucleotides (PKCalpha-asODN) treated group, PMA and U0126 (MAP Kinase Kinase inhibitor)treated group. The expression of p-PKCalpha, ERK1/2, p-ERK1/2, cyclinD1 and P21(cip1) protein were determined by western blotting.

[Recombination and identification of sense and antisence CyclinD1 eukaryotic expression vectors and the effects of the vectors on the proliferation of airway smooth muscle cell in asthmatic rats].

This study is to investigate the expression of CyclinD1 in asthmatic rats and construct expression plasmids of sense and antisense CyclinD1 gene and transfect them to asthmatic airway smooth muscle cell to study the effects of CyclinD1 on the proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells in asthmatic rats. CyclinD1 cDNA was obtained by RT-PCR of total RNA extracted from the airway smooth muscle in asthmatic rats. The sequence was inserted into eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.

[Inhibition of NF-kappaB through IkappaBalpha transfection affects invasion of human lung cancer cell line A549].

Background & Objective: Recent studies have shown that activation of nuclear factor-kappaB(NF-kappaB) can regulate the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. The present study was to investigate inhibition of NF-kappaB activity on invasion of human lung cancer cell line A549 and the possible mechanism.

Methods: The recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.

PKC promotes proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells by regulating cyclinD1 expression in asthmatic rats.

Aim: To determine whether protein kinase C (PKC) has any effect on the expression of cyclinD1, a key regulator of growth control and G1/S transition, and to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms of PKC involving the remodeling of the asthmatic airway smooth muscle (ASM).

Methods: The treatment of synchronized ASM cells from asthmatic rats with PKC-specific agonist phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and antagonist 2-{1-[3-(amidinothio) propyl]-1Hindol-3-yl}-3-(1-methylindol-3-yl) maleimide methanesulfonate salt (Ro31-8220) was followed by the proliferation assay. PKCalpha and cyclinD1 expressions in ASM cells (ASMC) were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting.

[Nuclear factor-kappaB activity and its correlation with cell proliferation in non-small cell lung cancer tissues].

Objective: To investigate the nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB activity in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues and to explore the correlation between NF-kappaB activity and cell proliferation, between NF-kappaB activity and cell spontaneous apoptosis.

Methods: Thirty samples of non-small cell lung cancer tissues and 15 normal lung tissues were collected from May to October in 2006. NF-kappaB activation was determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA).