Sequential transplantation of exosomes and BMSCs pretreated with hypoxia efficiently facilitates perforator skin flap survival area in rats.

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) are promising candidates for the treatment of trans-territory perforator flap necrosis. However, the low retention and survival rate of engrafted BMSCs limit their therapeutic efficacy. Strategies either modifying BMSCs or alleviating the inflammatory environment may solve this problem.

[Effect of the botulinum toxin type A on myocutaneous flap expansion in minipigs model].

Objective: To investigate the histologic effect of botulinum toxin type A (Botox A) injection on myocutaneous flap expansion in minipigs model.

Methods: Seven minipigs were included in this study. Two symmetric tattoo area, 10 cm x 6 cm in size, were selected on the bilateral flank of the pigs.