Root-to-shoot signaling positively mediates source-sink relation in late growth stages in diploid and tetraploid wheat.

Non-hydraulic root source signaling (nHRS) is a unique positive response to soil drying in the regulation of plant growth and development. However, it is unclear how the nHRS mediates the tradeoff between source and sink at the late growth stages and its adaptive mechanisms in primitive wheat. To address this issue, a root-splitting design was made by inserting solid partition in the middle of the pot culture to induce the occurrence of nHRS using four wheat cultivars (MO1 and MO4, diploid; DM22 and DM31, tetraploid) as materials.

Ultrasound-assisted extraction optimization of polyphenols from and evaluation of its antioxidant activity.

Introduction: mushrooms are widely consumed as a valuable medicinal and dietary ingredient in China, but the active ingredients of this mushroom and their extraction methods were not extensively studied.

Methods: In this paper, we propose an optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) method to detect natural antioxidant substances in . The antioxidants were quantitatively and quantitatively determined using UPLC-MS, the polyphenols were evaluated based on response surface methodology (RSM), and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed.

Preservation of superior laryngeal nerve in transoral surgery: A technology to enhance the recovery of swallowing function after surgery of hypopharyngeal carcinoma.

Objectives: We intended to preserve the internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve in transoral surgery of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and observe swallowing function recovery.

Methods: 26 patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma underwent transoral surgery with the preservation of internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve. Sensation in the pharyngolaryngeal mucosa was tested by flexible laryngoscope and swallow function was evaluated by water swallow test and MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory questionnaire after surgery.

Hypoglycemic Diterpenoids from the Roots of .

Fifteen compounds including nine new diterpenes were isolated from the roots of . By HRESIMS, NMR, ECD data, and X-ray diffraction analysis, the new compounds were characterized as eight -clerodane diterpenes (compounds -) and one 15,16-dinor--pimarane diterpene (). All diterpenes were assayed for their hypoglycemic activities.

Tigliane Diterpenoids with Larvicidal, Antifungal, and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities from .

Thirty-five tigliane diterpenoids and two -kaurane diterpenoids were isolated from the leaves of , and, among them, compounds - were characterized as new tigliane diterpenoids. The structures of compounds - were determined by analysis of their HRESIMS, NMR, and ECD data and by chemical methods. The isolates were assayed for their larvicidal, antifungal, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities, and compounds - were found to possess larvicidal activities against with LC values of 0.

Viewpoint of a WHO Advisory Group Tasked to Consider Establishing a Closely-monitored Challenge Model of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Healthy Volunteers.

WHO convened an Advisory Group (AG) to consider the feasibility, potential value, and limitations of establishing a closely-monitored challenge model of experimental severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in healthy adult volunteers. The AG included experts in design, establishment, and performance of challenges. This report summarizes issues that render a COVID-19 model daunting to establish (the potential of SARS-CoV-2 to cause severe/fatal illness, its high transmissibility, and lack of a "rescue treatment" to prevent progression from mild/moderate to severe clinical illness) and it proffers prudent strategies for stepwise model development, challenge virus selection, guidelines for manufacturing challenge doses, and ways to contain SARS-CoV-2 and prevent transmission to household/community contacts.

[Effect of elongated-needle by Hui-puncture method on piriformis syndrome].

Objective: To observe the clinical effect of elongated needle by Hui-puncture method in the treatment of piriformis syndrome.

Methods: A total of 100 piriformis syndrome patients were randomly divided into routine acupuncture group (＝50) and elongated needle by Hui-puncture method (Hui-puncture) group (＝50). For patients of the routine acupuncture group, Huantiao (GB30), Juliao (GB29), Zhibian (BL54), Weizhong (BL40), Yanglingquan (GB34), Juegu (GB39) and Ashi-point on the affected side of the body were punctured with filiform needles for 30 min.

Long noncoding RNA PTPRG-AS1 acts as a microRNA-194-3p sponge to regulate radiosensitivity and metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells via PRC1.

Protein regulator of cytokinesis 1 (PRC1) has been reported in correlation with various malignancies. Functionality of PRC1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) was investigated, in perspective of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) regulatory circuitry. Aberrant expressed messenger RNA and lncRNA were screened out from the Gene Expression Omnibus microarray database.

Analysis of Differential Expressions of Long Non-coding RNAs in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Using Next-generation Deep Sequencing.

: Little knowledge about long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has been acquired. : Next-generation sequencing was applied in 7 cases of NPC tissues and 7 cases of normal tissues in nasopharynx. PLEX, CNCI and CPAT soft-wares were used to predict novel lncRNAs.

Application of Phragmites australis to remove phenol from aqueous solutions by chemical activation in batch and fixed-bed columns.

The ability of the agricultural residue of Phragmites australis to serve as an absorbent material used to remove phenol from aqueous solutions in batch and continuous fixed-bed columns was investigated. Prepared adsorbents were characterized by SEM, FTIR, and pHpzc methods. The equilibrium adsorption (qe) of phenol was increased from 9.

The autonomous cell fate specification of basal cell lineage: the initial round of cell fate specification occurs at the two-celled proembryo stage.

In angiosperms, the first zygotic division usually gives rise to two daughter cells with distinct morphologies and developmental fates, which is critical for embryo pattern formation; however, it is still unclear when and how these distinct cell fates are specified, and whether the cell specification is related to cytoplasmic localization or polarity. Here, we demonstrated that when isolated from both maternal tissues and the apical cell, a single basal cell could only develop into a typical suspensor, but never into an embryo in vitro. Morphological, cytological and gene expression analyses confirmed that the resulting suspensor in vitro is highly similar to its undisturbed in vivo counterpart.

Clinical significance of integrin-linked kinase in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective: To investigate the expression of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) and its relationship with clinicopathological parameters in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC).

Methods: 116 patients who had previously undergone complete resection of tumor for LSCC were studied retrospectively. The level of ILK expression in tumor tissues and adjacent nontumor tissues were determined by immunohistochemistry.

Inhibiting ROS-NF-κB-dependent autophagy enhanced brazilin-induced apoptosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Autophagy modulation has been considered a potential therapeutic strategy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). A previous study confirmed that brazilin might possess significant anti-carcinogenic activity. However, whether brazilin induces autophagy and its roles in cell death in HNSCC are still unclear.

Embelin prevents LMP1-induced TRAIL resistance via inhibition of XIAP in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells.

The tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) selectively induces apoptosis in the majority of tumor cells, whilst sparing normal cells. However, the potential use of TRAIL in the treatment of cancer is limited by the inevitable emergence of drug resistance. The present study reports the upregulation of latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1)-induced TRAIL resistance via the enhanced expression of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells.

Association of RUNX3 Methylation with Clinical Outcome and Cell Migration/Invasion in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

This study identifies promoter methylation status of RUNX3 in 77 LSCC patient tissues and their paired adjacent healthy tissues. Hypermethylation percentage RUNX3 occurred in LSCC samples was significantly higher than that in normal tissues, as well as associated with suppression of RUNX3 expression, TNM classification of malignant tumors stage, lymph node metastasis and poor overall survival rate. Reduced methylation and increased expression of RUNX3 genes in vitro was observed and decreased cell migration was further confirmed following 5-azacytidine treatment.

Pharyngoesophageal perforation 3 years after anterior cervical spine surgery: a rare case report and literature review.

Pharyngoesophageal perforation after anterior cervical spine surgery is rare and the delayed cases were more rarely reported but potentially life-threatening. We report a case of pharyngoesophageal perforation 3 years after anterior cervical spine surgery. The patient presented with dysphagia, fever, left cervical mass and developing dyspnea 3 years after cervical spine surgery for trauma.

Clinical significance of TrkB expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Recent research has demonstrated that tropomyosin‑related kinase B (TrkB) plays an important role in neuronal survival, differentiation and migration; yet, its specific role in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is unclear. To elucidate its role in NPC, we examined TrkB expression in NPC tissues and cell lines, and investigated the correlation between TrkB expression and prognosis in patients with NPC. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed on NPC specimens from 108 patients with follow-up information.

Prognostic significance of Beclin-1 expression in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Beclin-1 plays a critical role in the regulation of autophagy, apoptosis, differentiation and the development and progression of cancer. The aim of the present investigation was to analyze the Beclin-1 protein expression and to assess its prognostic significance in tissue of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Beclin-1 protein expression in 82 primary laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and 40 paracarcinoma non-tumor tissue samples was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and correlated with clinicopathological parameters and patients' outcome.

Value of fused positron emission tomography CT in detecting primaries in patients with primary unknown cervical lymph node metastasis.

Objective: Identification of the primary tumour can prolong the life expectancy of patients with primary unknown cervical lymph node metastasis (PUCLNM) through targeted therapy. This study investigated the value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET-CT) at identifying primaries in patients with PUCLNM.

Methods: Twenty-seven patients (21 males and 6 females, median age 48.

Simultaneously targeting Bcl-2 and Akt pathways reverses resistance of nasopharyngeal carcinoma to TRAIL synergistically.

Aims And Background: Despite progress in treatment techniques, the five-year survival rate of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is disappointing. Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) can selectively induce apoptosis in most tumor cells while sparing normal cells. Given the antiapoptotic functions of Bcl-2 and Akt, we examined the effects of targeting these pathways alone or simultaneously on TRAIL apoptosis in NPC cell lines.

[Effects of combining tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis-inducing ligand with PI3-K-Akt inhibition on nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell].

Objective: To study the effects of combinative therapy of tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and PI3-K-Akt inhibitor on the growth and apoptosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells and underlying mechanisms.

Methods: With cell growth assay, flow cytometric analysis and Western blotting, the effects of TRAIL and PI3-K-Akt special inhibitor (LY294002) on cell growth, apoptosis and related proteins expressions in CNE-2 cell lines were studied.

Results: When concentrate of TRAIL>1 ng/ml, viability rate of cells in combinative treatment group with TRAIL and LY294002 was higher than that in the single treatment group with TRAIL (all P<0.