OsNLP3 enhances grain weight and reduces grain chalkiness in rice.

Grain weight, a key determinant of yield in rice (Oryza sativa L.), is governed primarily by genetic factors, whereas grain chalkiness, a detriment to grain quality, is intertwined with environmental factors such as mineral nutrients. Nitrogen (N) is recognized for its effect on grain chalkiness, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be clarified.

Hybrid structural modeling of alloantibody binding to human leukocyte antigen with rapid and reproducible cross-linking mass spectrometry.

Alloantibody recognition of donor human leukocyte antigen (HLA) is associated with poor clinical transplantation outcomes. However, the molecular and structural basis for the alloantibody-HLA interaction is not well understood. Here, we used a hybrid structural modeling approach on a previously studied alloantibody-HLA interacting pair with inputs from ab initio, in silico, and in vitro data.

A Malassezia pseudoprotease dominates the secreted hydrolase landscape and is a potential allergen on skin.

Malassezia globosa is abundant and prevalent on sebaceous areas of the human skin. Genome annotation reveals that M. globosa possesses a repertoire of secreted hydrolytic enzymes relevant for lipid and protein metabolism.

Detection of Bacterial Neutral Ceramidase in Diabetic Foot Ulcers with an Optimized Substrate and Chemoenzymatic Probes.

Ceramidases (CDases) are important in controlling skin barrier integrity by regulating ceramide composition and affording downstream signal molecules. While the functions of epidermal CDases are known, roles of neutral CDases secreted by skin-residing microbes are undefined. Here, we developed a one-step fluorogenic substrate, S-B, for specific detection of bacterial CDase activity and inhibitor screening.

[Trade-off and synergy among ecosystem services and the influencing factors in the Ziwuling Region, Northwest China.].

Ecosystem service (ES) bundle is a combination of various ecosystem services, serving as an indicator for the trade-off or synergy relationship among ecosystem services. Identifying the trade-off and synergy within ecosystem service bundles is helpful for realizing regional management and policymaking at the ES-bundle level. In this study, based on the InVEST model, the spatial composition, trade-off, and synergy of ES bundles, and their influencing factors were clarified using correlation analysis, cluster analysis, principal component analysis, and redundancy analysis.

Rice NIN-LIKE PROTEIN 3 modulates nitrogen use efficiency and grain yield under nitrate-sufficient conditions.

Nitrogen (N) is an essential macronutrient for crop growth and yield. Improving the N use efficiency (NUE) of crops is important to agriculture. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying NUE regulation remain largely elusive.

Rice NIN-LIKE PROTEIN 4 plays a pivotal role in nitrogen use efficiency.

Nitrogen (N) is one of the key essential macronutrients that affects rice growth and yield. Inorganic N fertilizers are excessively used to boost yield and generate serious collateral environmental pollution. Therefore, improving crop N use efficiency (NUE) is highly desirable and has been a major endeavour in crop improvement.

Overexpression of Arabidopsis NLP7 improves plant growth under both nitrogen-limiting and -sufficient conditions by enhancing nitrogen and carbon assimilation.

Nitrogen is essential for plant survival and growth. Excessive application of nitrogenous fertilizer has generated serious environment pollution and increased production cost in agriculture. To deal with this problem, tremendous efforts have been invested worldwide to increase the nitrogen use ability of crops.

[Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function of Space-Borne Quartz Volume Diffuser].

Quartz Volume Diffuser(QVD) is used in the observing system of Space-Borne differential optical absorption spectrometer. The precision of observed solar spectrum directly influences the accuracy of the gas retrievals. Therefore the QVD is required for well Lambert feature to ensure the accuracy of full field solar spectrum, and it can provide uniformity source in the observing view of the instrument.

[Spectral Calibration of Space-born Imaging Spectrometers Using Spectrum-Matching Technique].

Spectral calibration of space-born imaging spectrometers based on spectrum-matching technique is presented, which adopts atmospheric absorption lines as the matching lines, and chooses correlation coefficient method as the criteria. In order to simulation the onboard spectral calibration, the spectrum-matching technique is applied on the imaging spectrometers that after the vibration test. The vibration test is able to simulation the launching.

Study on the Non-Uniformity Calibration of Space-Born Differential Optical Absorption Spectrometer.

Space-borne differential optical absorption spectrometer is a nadir viewing wide field imaging spectrometer, which adopts two-dimensional CCD detector arrays. The pixel response non-uniformity exists in each column of spatial dimension, which will introduce high-frequency instrument-related spectral structures in the measurement data. However, the non-uniformity calibration of space-born imaging spectrometer is difficulty due to two factors: the spectral smile effect and the large field of view.

New α-glucosidase inhibitors with p-terphenyl skeleton from the mushroom Hydnellum concrescens.

The purpose of this study is to elucidate the bioactive components responsible for the the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity detected in the EtOAc extract of the mushroom Hydnellum concrescens. Two new p-terphenyl derivatives, concrescenins A (1) and B (2), in along with six known compounds thelephantins L (3), I (4), J (5), K (6), dihydroauran-tiacin dibenzoate (7), and curtisian A (8) were isolated from the fruiting bodies of H. concrescens.

[Isolation, identification and oxidizing characterization of an iron-sulfur oxidizing bacterium LY01 from acid mine drainage].

An acidophilic iron-sulfur oxidizing bacterium LY01 was isolated from acid mine drainage of coal in Guizhou Province, China. Strain LY01 was identified as Acidithiobacillusferrooxidans by morphological and physiological characteristics, and phylogenetic analysis of its 16S rRNA gene sequence. Strain LY01 was able to grow using ferrous ion (Fe2+), elemental sulfur (S0) and pyrite as sole energy source, respectively, but significant differences in oxidation efficiency and bacterial growth were observed when different energy source was used.

[Effects of different temperatures biochar on adsorption of Pb(II) on variable charge soils].

Effects of incorporation of the biochars generated from rice straw and peanut straw at different temperatures on soil pH and Pb(II) adsorption were investigated with two variable charge soils. The soil pH increased by 1.04-3.

[Effects of methadone maintenance treatment on working memory in male heroin dependent patients].

Objective: To explore the differences of working memory task performance between male patients with heroin dependence in methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) and healthy controls (HC).

Methods: A total of 42 heroin-dependent patients at Huainan City Psychiatric Hospital from May 2011 to October 2011 were compared with 31 gender- and age-matched HCs on such working memory tests as visual-space, visual-verbal and visual-face. Then the accurate rate and reaction time of the above tasks were between two groups.

[Research on the method of interference correction for nondispersive infrared multi-component gas analysis].

A method of interference correction for nondispersive infrared multi-component gas analysis was described. According to the successive integral gas absorption models and methods, the influence of temperature and air pressure on the integral line strengths and linetype was considered, and based on Lorentz detuning linetypes, the absorption cross sections and response coefficients of H2O, CO2, CO, and NO on each filter channel were obtained. The four dimension linear regression equations for interference correction were established by response coefficients, the absorption cross interference was corrected by solving the multi-dimensional linear regression equations, and after interference correction, the pure absorbance signal on each filter channel was only controlled by the corresponding target gas concentration.

[Difference in acclimation of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans by various substrates and its effect on coal desulfurization efficiency].

In this study, Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans LX5 was cultured in 9K medium with pyrite and ferrous sulfate as the substrates. Results showed that the number of A. ferrooxidans LX5 acclimated by pyrite for 20 d was 3.

Isolation and nitrogen removal characteristics of an aerobic heterotrophic nitrifying-denitrifying bacterium, Bacillus subtilis A1.

Bacterium A1, isolated to enhance nitrogen removal from ammonium-rich wastewater in situ, exhibited an amazing ability to convert ammonium to gaseous nitrogen compounds under fully aerobic conditions, while growing autotrophically or heterotrophically. A1 was identified as Bacillus subtilis by morphological and physiological characteristics, and phylogenetic analysis of its 16S rDNA gene sequence. Nitrogen removal by A1 was analyzed in relation to the ammonium concentration, presence of organic carbon, carbon source, and carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C/N).

[Recovery of copper from sewage sludge by bioleaching-solvent extraction-electrodeposition process].

Sewage sludge contains not only a lot of organic matter and plant nutrients, but also some harmful metals. Recovery of sludge-born metals for sewage sludge of high metal content is very important for safe reutilization of sewage sludge and for economic consideration. Here, we reported a recovery technique for sludge-born copper using bioleaching-solvent extraction-electrodeposition (L-SX-EW) process through batch experiments.

[Elimination of pathogens in municipal sludge and tannery sludge by bioleaching approach].

Heavy metals could be removed from sludge by bioleaching approach, and pathogens in sludge may also be eliminated by the approach. Elimination efficiencies of pathogens in municipal sludge and tannery sludge during bioleaching were studied through batch trials. The results revealed that, after 6 - 7 days of bioleaching compared with the control without bioleaching, the amounts of bacteria in municipal sludge decreased from 1.

Removal of Cr from tannery sludge by bioleaching method.

Bioleaching of Cr(Ill) from tannery sludge using the mixture of ingenuous iron- and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria was investigated in batch flasks. Experiments involved the adaptation of indigenous iron- and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, the pre-acidification the sludge to pH 6.0 and the addition of energy substrates.

[The study of remote sensing CH4 concentration based on tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy].

In the present paper, a review and analysis of the theory of direct absorption spectroscopy and modulation spectroscopy using tunable diode laser were provided, and a remote sensing system of CH4 was designed. A near infrared tunable diode laser operating at wavelength 1.65 microm at room temperature was used to perform the measurement of CH4, using the R(6) line of, the 2upsilon3 band of methane.

[Isolation of heterotrophic microorganism and its role in bioleaching of heavy metals from tannery sludge].

A heterotrophic microorganism was isolated from sewage sludge, it was identified as Rhodotorula sp. R30. Its optimum pH for growth was 3-7, but it can stand the acidity of pH 2.

[Removal of Cr from tannery sludge by acidophilic Thiobacilli].

The removal of Cr from tannery sludge by bioleaching technology was reported in the paper. Batch experiments involved the inoculation of acidophilic Thiobacilli and addition of elemental sulfur as their substrate. Results showed that Cr removal of 100% could be obtained after 8 days of bioleaching.