Traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of Codonopsis: A review.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Species of the genus Codonopsis are perennial herbs mainly distributed throughout East, Southeast and Central Asia. As recorded, they have been used as traditional Chinese medicines since the Qing Dynasty, where they were claimed for strengthening the spleen and tonifying the lung, as well as nourishing blood and engendering liquid. Some species are also used as food materials in southern China and Southeast Asia, such as tea, wine, soup, plaster, and porridge.

[Influence of different cultivation measures on the content of three free carbohydrates of Codonopsis Radix].

To provide a scientific evidence for the quality control of Codonopsis Radix, a method was established for determining the content of three free carbohydrates of Codonopsis Radix. The developed method showed good linearity. The calibration curves were linear within the range of 2.

[Influence of different cultivation measures on chemical quality of Codonopsis Radix].

To observe the influence of different cultivation measures on the chemical constituents of Codonopsis Radix and provide reference for its reasonable cultivation, Codonopsis Radix samples cultivated by different cultivation measures were collected from the planting base in Min county,and their quality were evaluated by establishing HPLC fingerprint and determining the content of lobetyolin and Codonopsis Radix polysaccharide. The results show that different cultivation measures have an effect on the quality of Codonopsis Radix and the contents of lobetyolin and Codonopsis Radix polysaccharide are obviously different. According to the content of lobetyolin, not using Zhuanggenling>using Zhuanggenling.

[Chemical Constituents from Stems of Kadsura longipedunculata].

Objective: To investigate the chemical constituents from stems of Kadsura longipedunculata.

Methods: The constituents were isolated and purified by various chromatographic methods,and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and comparison with literatures.

Results: Seven compounds were isolated from the stems of Kadsura longipedunculata and were identified as longipedunin D( 1),renchangianin A( 2),renchangianin B( 3),meso-dihydroguaiaretic acid( 4),isolariciresinol-9-O-β-D-xyloside( 5),(-)-gallocatechin( 6) and( +)-catechin( 7).

[Establishment of traceability system of Chinese medicinal materials' quality].

The quality of Chinese medicinal materials relates greatly to the clinical curative effect and security. In order to ensure the quality and safety of Chinese medicinal materials, a systematic and operable traceability system needs to be established. It can realize the whole process of quality and safety management of Chinese medicinal materials "from production to consumption" through recording and inquiring information and recalling defective products, which is an important direction for the future development of traditional Chinese medicine.

[Study on content determination of alkaloids and HPLC fingerprint of "Jianlian" Nelumbinis Plumula].

This study is to determine the content of three alkaloids and establish the HPLC fingerprint of "Jianlian" Nelumbinis Plumula. The HPLC method of content determination was as follows: Thermo C18 (4. 6 mm x 250 mm, 5 μm) was conducted with acetonitrile-sodium dodecyl sulfonate solution-acetic acid (56: 43: 1) at a flow rate of 1.