Inhibitory effects of high glucose/insulin environment on osteoclast formation and resorption in vitro.

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) exhibit hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia and increased risk of fracture at early stage, but they were found to have normal or even enhanced bone mineral density (BMD). This study was aimed to examine the molecular mechanisms governing changes in bone structure and integrity under both hyperglycemic and hyperinsulinemic conditions. Monocytes were isolated from the bone marrow of the C57BL/6 mice, induced to differentiate into osteoclasts by receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and exposed to high glucose (33.

Purification and characterization of a novel antithrombotic peptide from Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The centipede has been prescribed for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases in Korea, China and other Far Eastern Asian countries for several hundred years.

Materials And Methods: A novel antithrombotic peptide was isolated from Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans using a combination of ultrafiltration, Sephadex G-50 column, Source 15Q anion exchange column and RP-HPLC C18 column.

Results: The molecular mass of the purified peptide is 346Da measured by Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS).

[Immortalization of rat epiphysis cartilage cells induced by simian virus 40 large T antigen gene transfection].

Objective: To establish immortalized epiphysis cartilage cell strains in order to provide a stable cell resource for cell substitution and gene therapies of growth retardation.

Methods: Plasmid pEGFP-IRES2-SV40LTag containing simian virus 40 large T antigen gene was transfected into primarily cultured epiphysis cartilage cells of the newborn rat using the lipofectin transfection method. Colonies were isolated by G418 selection and cultured to immortalized cell strains.

[Regulation of differentiation and proliferation of epiphysis stem cells by Notch1 signaling system].

Objective: To investigate the regulation of differentiation and proliferation of epiphysis stem cells by Notch1 signaling system.

Methods: Costocostal cartilage was taken from a SD rat. Epiphysis stem cells were isolated and cultured.