Diverse functional interactions between ABA and ethylene in plant development and responses to stress.

Abscisic acid (ABA) and ethylene are two essential hormones that play crucial roles throughout the entire plant life cycle and in their tolerance to abiotic or biotic stress. In recent decades, increasing research has revealed that, in addition to their individual roles, these two hormones are more likely to function through their interactions, forming a complex regulatory network. More importantly, their functions change and their interactions vary from synergistic to antagonistic depending on the specific plant organ and development stage, which is less focused, compared and systematically summarized.

Higher Flower Hydraulic Safety, Drought Tolerance and Structural Resource Allocation Provide Drought Adaptation to Low Mean Annual Precipitation in Caragana Species.

Determining the differences in flower hydraulic traits and structural resource allocation among closely related species adapted to low mean annual precipitation (MAP) can provide insight into plant adaptation to arid environments. Here, we measured the maximum flower hydraulic conductance (K), water potential at induction 50% loss of K (P), flower pressure-volume parameters, dry mass of individual flowers and structural components (vexillum, wings, keels, stamens and sepals) of six Caragana species growing in regions ranging from 110 to 1400 mm MAP. Compared with species from high-MAP environments, those from low-MAP environments presented lower K, more negative P, osmotic potential at full turgor (π) and turgor loss points (π), and a greater bulk modulus of elasticity (ε).

[Occurrence and Risk Assessment of -nitrosamines and Their Precursors in Qingjiang River Basin].

-nitrosamines are a type of nitrogen-containing organic pollutant with high carcinogenicity and mutagenicity. In the main drinking water sources of small and medium-sized towns in China, the contamination levels of -nitrosamines remain unclear. In addition, there is still lack of research on the concentration of -nitrosamines and their precursors in tributary rivers.

Accurate prediction bioaccessibility of PAHs in soil-earthworm system by novel magnetic solid phase extraction technique.

Conventional chemical extraction methods may lead to overestimate or underestimate bioaccessibility due to their inability to provide realistic kinetic information regarding PAHs in soils. In this study, we propose the use of magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) technique for assessing the bioaccessibility of PAHs in the soil-earthworm system. Firstly, a novel polydopamine-coated magnetic core-shell microspheres (FeO-CPDA) was developed by a one-pot sol-gel and self-polymerization method.

[Pollution Characteristics of Organochlorine Pesticides in Water and Sediments of Huixian Karst Wetland in Guilin].

Karst wetland plays an important role in the ecological environment; however, due to the existence of karst pipeline, pollutants can threaten the underground environment through the highly developed karst pipeline. Therefore, understanding the pollution characteristics of the karst surface environment is the premise of pollution ecological risk assessment and prevention. In this study, 24 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were analyzed to study the concentration, composition, source, and risk of OCPs in water and surface sediments in the Huixian Wetland of Guilin.

[Real-time Composition and Sources of VOCs in Summer in Wuhan].

The hourly concentrations of 102 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in Wuhan from June to July in 2019 were obtained using an online monitoring instrument. The (VOCs) varied from 24.9 to 254 μg·m, with a mean value of (67.

[Pollution and Potential Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Surface Sediments of Tangxun Lake].

In order to understand the pollution characteristics, spatial distribution, potential sources, and ecological risk of heavy metals in the sediments of Tangxun Lake, the contents of heavy metals (As, Hg, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, and Ni) in the surface sediments of Tangxun Lake were analyzed, and the pollution status and potential ecological risk degree of heavy metals in the sediments were evaluated using the geo-accumulation index and potential ecological risk index. The potential sources of heavy metal pollutants were analyzed by correlation and principal component analysis. The results showed that except for Cr, the contents of other heavy metals were higher than their background values.

[Characteristics and Sources of 12 Trace Amount Elements in PM During a Period of Heavy Pollution in Huanggang, Central China].

This study provides data and theoretical support for the prevention and control of air pollution in central China. From January 13, 2018, to January 25, 2018, 48 PM samples were collected in Huanggang by particulate matter samplers during a severe pollution episode. Twelve elements (Li, Be, V, Se, Sr, Mo, Ag, Ba, Tl, Th, Bi, and U) were analyzed by ICP-MS.

[Characteristics and Sources of Elements in PM During Summer for Three Typical Cities in Pingdingshan-Suizhou-Wuhan, Central China].

This study investigates the elemental characteristics and sources of aerosol fine particulate matter (PM) samples obtained from Pingdingshan, Suizhou, and Wuhan, Central China, in June 2017. Thirteen kinds of elements (Ti, Zn, Cu, Cr, As, Pb, Fe, Ni, Se, V, Sb, Cd, and Co) were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and three source identification methods-enrichment factor, principle component analysis and multiple linear regression (PCA-MLR), and backward trajectory clustering-were applied. The results showed that Zn was the highest trace element in PM in samples from Pingdingshan, Suizhou, and Wuhan, and that the concentration of As exceeded the annual limit of Chinese air quality standards (GB 3096-2012).

Facile synthesis of polydivinylbenzene coated magnetic polydopamine coupled with pressurized liquid extraction for the extraction and cleanup of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils.

Due to the trace levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil and the complexity of soil matrices, effective sample pretreatment methods are of great significance to obtain accurate analytical results. In this paper, polydopamine (PDA) encapsulated FeO particles were used as seeds for in situ polymerization of divinylbenzene (DVB) to derive magnetic hybrid material FeO@PDA@PDVB. Coupled with pressurized liquid extraction, FeO@PDA@PDVB was investigated as a selective adsorbent for the extraction and cleanup of PAHs in soil.

Polydopamine-coated polyethylene sieve plate as an efficient and convenient adsorption sink for the bioaccessibility prediction of PAHs in soils.

Bioaccessibility measurements of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soils are significant for exposure risk assessment. The current physicochemical methods require tedious operation processes, underestimate the actual risks, or are unsuitable for high organic content soils. In this work, an efficient and convenient method based on polydopamine-coated polyethylene sieve plate (PDA@PESP) and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPCD) was developed to predict the bioaccessibility of PAHs in multi-type soils.

[Characteristics of Organochlorine Pesticides (OCPs) in Soil Samples of Hanjiang River Basin, Southeast China].

Seventeen soil samples were collected along the main stream of the Hanjiang River in April 2013. Thirteen types of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were detected in the samples by gas chromatography with a Ni electron capture detector. The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution, composition, and source of OCPs and assess the potential health risks for local residents.

[Pollution Characteristics of PAHs in Soil from a Remote Mountain Wetland-Dajiuhu Lake, Shengnongjia].

Ten sampling points were distributed approximately equidistantly in the Dajiuhu lake wetland, and soils from the depths 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, and 20-30 cm were collected in April 2012. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to analyze the remote mountain wetland shallow soils, and 16 kinds of USEPA priority controlled polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) pollutants were identified. The ∑PAHs content ranges of the shallow soils of this region were 48.

[Characteristics of VOCs Pollution in the Winter Atmosphere of a Typical Petrochemical Industry Park].

Concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in ambient air of a typical petrochemical industry park were measured using an on-line monitor (TH-300B) from December 2014 to February 2015. The composition, temporal variations, sources, and photochemical reactivity of VOCs were analyzed. Alkanes were the most abundant VOC species and contributed to 86.

Rapid preparation of methyltrimethoxy-modified magnetic mesoporous silica as an effective solid-phase extraction adsorbent.

A time-saving method was applied to synthesize methyltrimethoxy-modified magnetic mesoporous silica with or without p-toluenesulfonic acid as the catalyst for magnetic solid-phase extraction. The synthesized materials were systematically characterized. Results demonstrated that methyltrimethoxy modified magnetic mesoporous silica with p-toluenesulfonic acid as the catalyst has a relatively smaller aperture and extreme hydrophobicity (water contact angle of 135°).

[Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Atmosphere of Dajiuhu, Shennongjia, China].

The concentration, potential source and health risks of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the atmosphere of Dajiuhu, Shennongjia, China, were studied. Polyurethane foam (PUF) Passive air samplers (PAS) were settled. The results indicated that the total concentrations of 16 PAHs in different samples ranged from 6.