Modified stochastic diffusion particle-tracking model (MSDPTM) incorporating energy cascade theory and eddy intermittency for suspended sediment transport in open channel flow.

This study presents a modified stochastic diffusion particle tracking model (MSDPTM) that incorporates energy cascade theory to more accurately simulate suspended sediment transport. The impact of turbulent eddies on sediment particles is an intermittent process, which is also considered in this study. The study examines the time correlation between eddies using eddy turnover time and finds that closer-scale eddies exhibit higher correlations than those farther apart.

[Exogenous Spermidine Regulates Ryegrass Root System Response to Cd Stress and Its Transcriptome Analysis].

The application of exogenous growth-regulating substances is an effective technique to enhance plant stress tolerance. Here, a hydroponic experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of exogenous basal application of 0.1 mmol·L spermidine (Spd) on both the physiology and molecular biology of ryegrass root systems under varying degrees (0, 5, and 10 mg·L) of cadmium (Cd) stress using ryegrass as the test plants.

[Sludge Biochar Modified by B-doped and Its Adsorption Behavior and Mechanism of 1,2-DCA in Water].

Sludge biochar (BC600) and B-doped sludge biochar (BBC600) were prepared with the boric acid doping modified co-pyrolysis method using municipal sludge as precursors, and the materials were structurally characterized by SEM, BET, FTIR, and Zeta potential and static contact angle to investigate the adsorption behavior, mechanism of BC600 and BBC600 on 1,2-DCA in water, and the influencing factors. The results of structural characterization showed that the B element content, specific surface area, and pore volume of biochar increased by 76%, 48%, and 30%, respectively, after the B doping modification; the effect of B doping modification on the surface charge and hydrophobicity of biochar was not significant. The results of adsorption experiments showed that the adsorption of 1,2-DCA by BBC600 was better than that by BC600 due to the larger specific surface area and higher strength of oxygen-containing functional groups of BBC600; the pseudo-first-order kinetic equation could better describe the adsorption of 1,2-DCA by BC600, and the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation could better fit the adsorption of 1,2-DCA by BBC600.

Cerium Synchronous Doping in Anatase for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production from Ethanol-Water Mixtures.

Cerium element with a unique electric structure can be used to modify semiconductor photocatalysts to enhance their photocatalytic performances. In this work, Ce-doped TiO (Ce/TiO) was successfully achieved using the sol-gel method. The structural characterization methods confirm that Ce was doped in the lattice of anatase TiO, which led to a smaller grain size.

Cerium-Doped Iron Oxide Nanorod Arrays for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting.

In this work, a simple one-step hydrothermal method was employed to prepare the Ce-doped FeO ordered nanorod arrays (CFT). The Ce doping successfully narrowed the band gap of FeO, which improved the visible light absorption performance. In addition, with the help of Ce doping, the recombination of electron/hole pairs was significantly inhibited.

Pollen Carbon-Based Rare-Earth Composite Material for Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production from Ethanol-Water Mixtures.

The unique electronic structure of rare-earth elements makes their modified semiconductor photocatalysts show great advantages in solar energy conversion. Herein, the pollen-like N, P self-doped biochar-based rare-earth composite catalyst (Er/LP-C) has been successfully synthesized, which combines the advantages of biochar and Er and is used for the first time in the field of photocatalytic hydrogen production from ethanol-water mixtures. Experimental results confirmed that the performance of photocatalytic hydrogen production under the full spectrum is up to 33.

N, P Self-Doped Porous Carbon Material Derived from Lotus Pollen for Highly Efficient Ethanol-Water Mixtures Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production.

Porous biochar materials prepared with biomass as a precursor have received widespread attention. In this work, lotus pollen (LP) was used as the carbon source, a variety of the pollen carbon photocatalyst were prepared by a two-step roasting method. A series of characterizations were carried out on the prepared samples, and it was found that the average particle size was about 40 μm.

[Mechanism and Influencing Factors of Increasing Soil Temperature by Electrical Resistance Heating].

The mechanism and influencing factors of an thermal remediation using electrical resistance heating were investigated. The effects of electrical current, heating method, rehydration, and negative pressure on soil heating and energy consumption were studied using electrical resistance heating equipment. The results showed that there were two main mechanisms for soil heating.

[Investigating Adsorption of Naphthalene to Organo-Modified Montmorillonites and Influencing Factors].

There are many sites contaminated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) or combined PAHs-heavy metal in China, which pose serious health-risks to local people and environments. Dissipative quartz crystal microbalance (QCM-D) was applied to investigate the adsorption of naphthalene to two organic-modified smectite clays (cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide modified montmorillonite, CTAB-SMF, and 3-mercapto propyl trimethoxy silane modified montmorillonite, TMSP-SMF) and original SMF, together with batch adsorption experiments. The results, based on in-situ online QCM-D experiments, showed that the adsorption sites of CTAB-SMF on naphthalene were mainly CTAB grouped between the interlayers of clay particles, while TMSP-SMF's were TMSP grouped on the surfaces of clay particles.

Modification-bioremediation of copper, lead, and cadmium-contaminated soil by combined ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa treatment.

The principal objective of this study was to investigate the strengthened remediation effect and relevant mechanism of P. aeruginosa on ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) for soil contaminated by Cu-Pb-Cd compound heavy metals.

[Spatial management strategy of Zhujiajian Island based on island ecological vulnerability simulation].

In the past decade, the number of islands fixed link with mainland has been increasing rapidly. The construction of such projects improves the accessibility of islands, which results in a rapid increase of tourists and economic income. However, the rapid change of land use and increases of tourists will make the islands more vulnerable.

[Physiological Responses of Ryegrass in Cadmium-Nonylphenol Co-contaminated Water and the Phytoremediation Effects].

Physiological responses of ryegrass in cadmium-nonylphenol (Cd-NP) co-contaminated water, as well as the phytoremediation effect were studied under laboratory conditions. The experiment revealed that the biomass and chlorophyll content of ryegrass significantly declined at high concentrations of Cd(10 mg·L), while POD and PPO activities significantly increased. No significant changes to the biomass, chlorophyll content and MDA of ryegrass were observed in the presence of NP.

Establishing a human health risk assessment methodology for metal species and its application of Cr in groundwater environments.

The species of heavy metal is an important factor in determining human health risk. Quantifying the impacts on metal species can provide specific estimates of the heavy metal health risk to achieve more accurate risk. This paper was to develop a methodology to quantify and distinguish the contribution of metal species risk on human in site-specific groundwater.

Simple obstructive sleep apnea patients without hypertension or diabetes accelerate kidney dysfunction: a population follow-up cohort study from Taiwan.

Backgrounds: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common in patients on hemodialysis, but its correlation with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is not clear. We aimed to clarify the relationship between OSA without hypertension or diabetes and incidence of CKD in Taiwan.

Methods: This population-based cohort study consisted of patients with newly diagnosed OSA between 2000 and 2009.

Comparative proteomic analysis of Litopenaeus vannamei gills after vaccination with two WSSV structural proteins.

White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is one of the most devastating viral pathogens of cultured shrimp worldwide. Recently published papers show the ability of WSSV structural protein VP28 to vaccinate shrimp and raise protection against the virus. This study attempted to identify the joining proteins of the aforementioned shrimp quasi-immune response by proteomic analysis.

Single-Crystalline Aluminum Nanostructures on a Semiconducting GaAs Substrate for Ultraviolet to Near-Infrared Plasmonics.

Aluminum, as a metallic material for plasmonics, is of great interest because it extends the applications of surface plasmon resonance into the ultraviolet (UV) region and is superior to noble metals in natural abundance, cost, and compatibility with modern semiconductor fabrication processes. Ultrasmooth single-crystalline metallic films are beneficial for the fabrication of high-definition plasmonic nanostructures, especially complex integrated nanocircuits. The absence of surface corrugation and crystal boundaries also guarantees superior optical properties and applications in nanolasers.

[Bioremediation of chromium (VI) contaminated site by reduction and microbial stabilization of chromium].

Chromium (VI) contaminated soil samples were collected from a chemical plant in Suzhou. Firstly, the reduced soil was prepared by adding reagent (Stone-sulfure reagent) into polluted soil to transfer most chromium (VI) into chromium (III), then a nutrient solution was introduced into the reduced soil, and the stabilized soil was obtained after 60 days culturing. The chromium (VI) content of the three kinds of soil was analyzed.

Expressions of MUC1 and vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA in blood are biomarkers for predicting efficacy of gefitinib treatment in non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Gefitinib, an EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor, significantly improve prognosis in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of MUC1 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA expression in peripheral blood as means of predicting benefit from gefitinib therapy in NSCLC patients.

Methods: MUC1 and VEGF mRNA expressions were detected in peripheral blood of 66 patients with advanced NSCLC before (B0) and 4 weeks after treatment (B4w) with gefitinib, using real-time quantitative-PCR assay.

Survivin mRNA Level in Blood Predict the Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Stage IIIA-N2 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

In a previous study, survivin mRNA expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissue had been demonstrated to be associated with unfavorable prognosis of patients treated with chemotherapy. In this study, we investigated the survivin mRNA levels in blood of patients with stage IIIA-N2 NSCLC and their association with the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) and disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Blood specimens were collected from 56 patients with stage IIIA-N2 NSCLC before (N0) and after the complete of NCT (N1).