UDP-glucosyltransferase regulates grain size and abiotic stress tolerance associated with metabolic flux redirection in rice.

Grain size is an important component trait of grain yield, which is frequently threatened by abiotic stress. However, little is known about how grain yield and abiotic stress tolerance are regulated. Here, we characterize GSA1, a quantitative trait locus (QTL) regulating grain size and abiotic stress tolerance associated with metabolic flux redirection.

A quantitative trait locus GW6 controls rice grain size and yield through the gibberellin pathway.

Grain size is one of the essential components determining rice yield and is a target for both domestication and artificial breeding. Gibberellins (GAs) are diterpenoid phytohormones that influence diverse aspects of plant growth and development. Several quantitative trait loci (QTLs) have been identified that control grain size through phytohormone regulation.

NAL8 encodes a prohibitin that contributes to leaf and spikelet development by regulating mitochondria and chloroplasts stability in rice.

Background: Leaf morphology and spikelet number are two important traits associated with grain yield. To understand how genes coordinating with sink and sources of cereal crops is important for grain yield improvement guidance. Although many researches focus on leaf morphology or grain number in rice, the regulating molecular mechanisms are still unclear.

Translational Regulation of Plant Response to High Temperature by a Dual-Function tRNA Guanylyltransferase in Rice.

As sessile organisms, plants have evolved numerous strategies to acclimate to changes in environmental temperature. However, the molecular basis of this acclimation remains largely unclear. In this study we identified a tRNA guanylyltransferase, AET1, which contributes to the modification of pre-tRNA and is required for normal growth under high-temperature conditions in rice.

Negatively Regulates the OsMKKK10-OsMKK4-OsMPK6 Cascade to Coordinate the Trade-off between Grain Number per Panicle and Grain Size in Rice.

Grain number and size are interactive agronomic traits that determine grain yield. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for coordinating the trade-off between these traits remain elusive. Here, we characterized the rice () () mutant, which has larger grains but sparser panicles than the wild type due to disordered localized cell differentiation and proliferation.

Comparison of respiratory parameters and plasma cytokine levels between treatment with Salmeterol/fluticasone and ipratropium/terbutaline/budesonide in mechanically ventilated COPD patients.

Background: It is unknown whether the bronchodilation and anti-inflammatory effects of inhaled salmeterol and fluticasone (SF) are better than those of traditionally inhaled ipratropium, terbutaline and budesonide (ITB) in mechanically ventilated patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods: Nineteen stable COPD patients with respiratory failure were randomly enrolled into two groups. Patients were treated with inhaled SF delivered by a metered-dose inhaler with a spacer or with inhaled nebulized ITB.