TGF-β1 promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and stemness of prostate cancer cells by inducing PCBP1 degradation and alternative splicing of CD44.

CD44 is a marker of cancer stem cell (CSC) in many types of tumors. Alternative splicing of its 20 exons generates various CD44 isoforms that have different tissue specific expression and functions, including the CD44 standard isoform (CD44s) encoded by the constant exons and the CD44 variant isoforms (CD44v) with variant exon insertions. Switching between the CD44v and CD44s isoforms plays pivotal roles in tumor progression.

Effect of subdural muscle packing in repairing dura mater after retrosigmoid craniotomy.

Objective: This study was performed to evaluate a new type of autologous muscle tamponade to repair dura mater that has undergone dural defects to prevent cerebrospinal fluid leakage or subcutaneous fluid accumulation.

Methods: Three hundred thirty-two patients who underwent retrosigmoid craniotomy were selected and divided into two groups: bone window craniotomy and bone flap craniotomy. Each group was further divided into two groups: artificial dura repair and autologous muscle repair.

Uhrf2 deletion impairs the formation of hippocampus-dependent memory by changing the structure of the dentate gyrus.

Ubiquitin-like with PHD and ring finger domains 2 (Uhrf2) is distributed in many brain regions, including the cortex and hippocampus. Decreased Uhrf2 expression is involved in neurodegenerative disease. A recent study showed Uhrf2 deletion impaired spatial memory; however, the mechanism remains elusive.

[Expression of long non-coding RNA H19 in prostate cancer and its effect on the proliferation and glycometabolism of human prostate cancer cells].

Objective: To study the expression of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) H19 in human prostate cancer tissue and its effect on the glycometabolism and growth of human prostate cancer cells.

Methods: Realtime quantitative RTPCR (qRTPCR) was employed to detect the expression of lncRNA H19 in human prostate tissues from 20 patients with prostate cancer (10 cases of highGleason score prostate cancer ［HGPC］ and 10 cases of lowGleason score prostate cancer ［LGPC］) and another 5 with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). After transfection of H19 siRNA into the DU145 and PC3 prostate cancer cells, the growth of the cells and the H19 expression in the cells were determined by MTT and qRTPCR respectively, and the changes in the glycometabolism of the prostate cancer cells were analyzed by measuring the contents of glucose and lactate in the culture medium.