Vitamin D status and the prevalence of deficiency in lactating women from eight provinces and municipalities in China.

Background: Vitamin D deficiency has become prevalent worldwide in recent years. However, less evidence was available for lactating women.

Objective: The purpose of the study was to understand vitamin D status and prevalence of deficiency in lactating women and associated risk factors for vitamin D deficiency from eight provinces and municipalities in China.

Effectiveness of community-based complementary food supplement (Yingyangbao) distribution in children aged 6-23 months in poor areas in China.

Background: Poor growth and micronutrient deficiency mainly attack older infants and young children. Some countries have adopted clinically effective measures to combat malnutrition, but the compliance and improvement in efficacy of intervention vehicles in national programs require evaluation.

Methods: Baseline and follow-up cross-sectional surveys were conducted before and after a nutrition intervention program in 3 national poverty counties in China.

An on-line database for human milk composition in China.

Background And Objectives: Understanding human milk composition is critical for setting nutrient recommended intakes (RNIs) for both infants and lactating women. However, nationwide human milk composition remains unavailable in China.

Methods And Study Design: Through cross-sectional study, human milk samples from 11 provinces in China were collected and their compositions were analyzed.

The relationship between socioeconomic development and malnutrition in children younger than 5 years in China during the period 1990 to 2010.

Unlabelled: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES：More than 30 years of socioeconomic development in China has improved living conditions which contributed to a steep decline in malnutrition prevalence of children under 5 years. To elucidate the role of socioeconomic development in improving nutritional status and to identify appropriate policy priorities for intervention in nutrition improvement for younger children.

Methods And Study Design: We collected data on socioeconomic development, education, cultural and recreational services, food consumption, average family size and malnutrition prevalence from national surveys.

Application of UPLC-MS/MS Method for Analyzing B-vitamins in Human Milk.

Objective: To determine ten B-vitamins in human milk by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS).

Methods: The pretreated human milk samples were adequately separated and quantified within 11 min by UPLC-MS/MS with an Acquity UPLC HSS T3 column (2.1×100 mm, 1.

The Influence of Malnutrition and Micronutrient Status on Anemic Risk in Children under 3 Years Old in Poor Areas in China.

Background: Malnutrition and anemia affect large numbers of young children living in poor areas of China. Multi-micronutrient deficiencies may be related to the prevalence of anemia in different populations, and identifying the risk factors that render children susceptible to anemia is the first step in combating anemia effectively.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 1370 children under 3 years old were selected based on probability proportional to size sampling principles from poor counties of China.

B-Vitamin Levels in Human Milk among Different Lactation Stages and Areas in China.

To determine the contents of B-vitamins in human milk in China, we analyzed 1778 human milk samples from the sample bank of the National High Technique R & D Program (863 Projects) which was a cross-sectional survey and covered 6419 human milk samples from healthy lactating mothers who were at different stages of lactation (0-330 days postpartum) in 11 provinces of China. The contents of free forms of six B-vitamins in these human milk samples were analyzed by using UPLC-MS/MS. The median concentrations of free form of 6 B-vitamins in colostrums, transitional milk, 15-180 d mature milk and 181-330 d mature milk were respectively as follows: thiamin 5.

Evaluating the micronutrient status of women of child-bearing age living in the rural disaster areas one year after Wenchuan Earthquake.

Populations with special physiological state, such as pregnant, nursing and women of child-bearing age, have been identified as nutritionally vulnerable during natural disaster. The objective of this survey was to evaluate the prevalence of anaemia and micronutrient status of women of reproductive age in April 2009 one year after the Wenchuan Earthquake. The survey recruited 58 pregnant, 66 lactating and 242 women of child-bearing age from 19 to 45 years.

Growth and anaemia among infants and young children for two years after the Wenchuan earthquake.

Background: In order to monitor malnutrition morbidity and anaemic prevalence of infants and young children in rural disaster areas affected by Wenchuan earthquake.

Methods: About three months, one year and two years after earthquake (including 77, 102 and 307 children, respectively), by using the questionnaires, information on nutritional and health status of infants and young children aged 6-23 months was collected and evaluated, and anthropometry and haemoglobin concentration were measured.

Results: Most of families could not prepare complementary foods for their children so that the children only ate the same meals as adults which resulted in very poor situation in the quantity and quality of complementary food for infants and young children.

The micronutrient status of children aged 24-60 months living in rural disaster areas one year after the Wenchuan Earthquake.

Objective: In order to evaluate micronutrient status of children aged 24-60 months living in rural disaster areas after one year of the earthquake in Wenchuan.

Design: After one year of Wenchuan Earthquake, using PPS sampling methods, a total of 270 children from six-randomized townships near seismic center, in each township sample size consisted of 30 to 50 children, were sampled for evaluating Z-score of children's growth status, anemia prevalence, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin B12, folic acid status. Final sample consisted of 152 boys and 118 girls, and blood samples were drawn from 206 children.

Prospective study on the effectiveness of complementary food supplements on improving status of elder infants and young children in the areas affected by Wenchuan earthquake.

Objective: To prospectively evaluate the efficiency of daily providing complementary food supplements decreasing malnutrition and anemia prevalence in elder infants and young children living in areas affected by Wenchuan Earthquake.

Design: Using promotional probability sampling method, 250 to 300 children from six-randomized townships (30 to 50 children in each township) in Kang County affected by the Earthquake were randomly chosen for follow up to evaluate intervention effectiveness using anthropometric measurement and hemoglobin level at six, twelve and eighteen months after start of intervention.

Setting And Subjects: All children from 6 to 18 months of age in Kang County (in North Western China) were daily provided with complementary food supplements containing multiple vitamins and minerals for up to 24 months of age.

β-Carotene in Golden Rice is as good as β-carotene in oil at providing vitamin A to children.

Background: Golden Rice (GR) has been genetically engineered to be rich in β-carotene for use as a source of vitamin A.

Objective: The objective was to compare the vitamin A value of β-carotene in GR and in spinach with that of pure β-carotene in oil when consumed by children.

Design: Children (n = 68; age 6-8 y) were randomly assigned to consume GR or spinach (both grown in a nutrient solution containing 23 atom% ²H₂O) or [²H₈]β-carotene in an oil capsule.

Spirulina can increase total-body vitamin A stores of Chinese school-age children as determined by a paired isotope dilution technique.

Spirulina is an alga rich in high-quality protein and carotenoids. It is unclear whether spirulina can improve the total-body vitamin A stores of school-age children in China with a high prevalence of vitamin A malnutrition. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of spirulina in improving the total-body vitamin A stores of school-age children in rural areas of China when they consumed spirulina in their daily meals.

[Association of pre-pregnancy body weight, gestational weight gain and postpartum weight retention among women in Beijing].

Objective: To investigate the relationship of pre-pregnancy body weight, gestational weight gain and postpartum weight retention among women in Beijing.

Methods: Using a cohort design, 600 pregnant women who went to district obstetrics and gynecology hospital in Beijing to establish preconception health care card from 5(th) February to 15(th) March 2009 were recruited. A total of 112 subjects (109 with valid data), 20% of that in baseline, were followed up at 6 months after delivery.

[Nutrition and health status of pregnant women in 8 provinces in China].

Objective: To investigate nutrition and health status of pregnant women in China.

Methods: 16 counties cities in 8 Provinces in China were selected to investigate nutrition and health information for pregnant women.

Results: The averaged age of pregnant women was 27.

[Relation of long-term consumption of school milk to bone density in children].

Objective: To evaluate the status of bone density of children consumed school milk for relative long-term period.

Method: According to the frequency and duration that children had consumed school milk, cluster sampling of 435 children (10-12 years old, including 188 boys and 247 girls.) were sampled to divided into two groups, that is milk consumption group and seldom milk consumption group, the children in milk consumption group had consumed the school milk 4 time weekly and duration for more than 1 year or 1-3 times weekly and duration for more than 3 years and this group included 220 children.

[The relationship of long-term school milk consumption and their attention, cognitive ability among children].

Objective: To evaluate the status of attention and cognitive ability among children who consumed school milk for relative long-term period.

Methods: From July to August 2009, a cluster of 435 children aged 10-12 year-old (including 188 boys and 247 girls) were sampled in Changsha, Hunan Province and divided into two groups, which were long-term milk-consumption group (the children drank school milk four times per week and continued for over one year or one to three times per week and continued for over three years, 220 cases) and seldom milk-consumption group (the others, 215 cases). Children's growth and anemia status were evaluated, the mental work ability index (IMC) was evaluated by Alimov searching table and both the attention and memory function of children were evaluated by clinical memory scale.

[The nutrition status of special population living in the areas affected by Wenchuan Earthquake after 3 months].

Objective: To investigate and analyze the nutritional status of infants, preschool and primary school students, pregnant and lactating women in Wenchuan earthquake disaster area after 3 months.

Methods: In August 2008, the nutritional and health status information of special population were collected and evaluated using the questionnaires, anthropometric and hemoglobin concentration measurements from four settlements of villages and towns in Mao and Mianzhu Country of Sichuan and Kang Country and Wudu District in Gansu provinces. A total of 236 infants aged below 36 months, 48 preschool children, 368 primary students, 32 pregnant women and 72 lactating women were investigated.

[The nutritional status among children under 60 months year-old after one year of the Earthquake in Wenchuan].

Objective: To evaluate the effects of Wenchuan Earthquake on the nutritional status, growth, and the prevalence nutritional anemia, vitamin A deficiency (VAD) and vitamin D deficiency among children under 60 months old living in the disaster areas.

Methods: A nutritional survey was conducted in April 2009. The survey recruited 466 under 60 months old children, including 162 children aged 0 months old and 304 children aged 24 - 59 months old.

[The nutritional status of reproductive women at one year after the disaster of Earthquake in Wenchuan].

Objective: To evaluate the effects of Wenchuan Earthquake on the nutritional status and the prevalence of nutritional anemia, vitamin A deficiency (VAD) and vitamin D deficiency among reproductive women (15 - 44 years old) in the disaster areas one year after the Earthquake.

Methods: A nutritional survey was conducted in 3 counties in April 2009, one year after the Earthquake. Two towns from each county were selected as study sites, and this survey recruited 58 pregnant, 66 lactating and 242 non-pregnant-non-lactating women.

Beta-carotene is an important vitamin A source for humans.

Experts in the field of carotenoids met at the Hohenheim consensus conference in July 2009 to elucidate the current status of β-carotene research and to summarize the current knowledge with respect to the chemical properties, physiological function, and intake of β-carotene. The experts discussed 17 questions and reached an agreement formulated in a consensus answer in each case. These consensus answers are based on published valid data, which were carefully reviewed by the individual experts and are justified here by background statements.

[Role of nutrition intervention in the treatment of hypertension].

Hypertension is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases in the world. According to National data from 2002 Nutrition and Health Survey in China, the prevalence of hypertensions in adult was about 18.8% or it involved in about 180 million Chinese.

Solid-phase extraction of carotenoids.

In this work, solid-phase extraction (SPE) trapping performance of lutein and beta-carotene, which were used as the model molecules of carotenoids, was investigated. The absorption, elution, and enrichment of carotenoids on SPE cartridges with four different sorbents, i.e.

[Effects of different feeding patterns on body weight of perinatal women in rural area].

Objective: To study the relations between different feeding patterns and the body weight retention of the perinatal women living in rural areas of China.

Methods: A cluster sampling method was used to investigate 409 women, who are currently living in rural areas of Tianjin, at pregnant and perinatal status. While, their body weights and heights before pregnancy, antepartum and postpartum were measured, respectively.