Flavor properties of post-heated fermented milk revealed by a comprehensive analysis based on volatile and non-volatile metabolites and sensory evaluation.

Existing research on the post-heating processing of fermented milk has primarily focused on single post-heating treatments and the texture, while research on how changes in metabolites during different post-heating treatments affect flavor and sensory properties is limited. This study investigates the changes in volatile metabolites in fermented milk treated at different post-heating temperatures to determine the characteristic aroma types and analyzes the changes in non-volatile metabolites associated with aroma-active compounds or their precursors to clarify the causes of the altered flavor and sensory properties. The results showed that in the 65 °C and 75 °C treatments, 63 volatile compounds were produced by Strecker degradation, lipid oxidation and esterification to produce ketones and aldehydes.

Chromosome-level genome assembly and population genomics reveals crucial selection for subgynoecy development in chieh-qua.

Chieh-qua is an important cucurbit crop and very popular in South China and Southeast Asia. Despite its significance, its genetic basis and domestication history are unclear. In this study, we have successfully generated a chromosome-level reference genome assembly for the chieh-qua 'A36' using a hybrid assembly strategy that combines PacBio long reads and Illumina short reads.

The Genome of subsp. YLGB-1496 Provides Insights into Its Carbohydrate Utilization and Genetic Stability.

subsp. YLGB-1496 (YLGB-1496) is a probiotic strain isolated from human breast milk. The application of YLGB-1496 is influenced by carbohydrate utilization and genetic stability.

Effect of anti-thyroid antibodies on recurrent miscarriage: A meta-analysis.

Setting: Previous studies addressed the association between anti-thyroid antibodies and recurrent miscarriage (RM), however, the role of anti-thyroid antibodies in RM patients is debatable.

Objectives: Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis and the aim of this current study was to assess whether anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) and/or anti-thyroglobulin (anti-TG) antibody positivity was associated with RM.

Design: A meta-analysis was conducted.

Effect of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei K56 with galactooligosaccharide synbiotics on obese individuals: an in vitro fermentation model.

Background: The use of synbiotics is emerging as a promising intervention strategy for regulating the gut microbiota and for preventing or reducing obesity, in comparison with the use of probiotics or prebiotics alone. A previous in vivo study revealed that Lacticaseibacillus paracasei K56 (L. paracasei K56) could alleviate obesity induced in high-fat-diet mice; however, the effect of the synbiotic combination of L.

Genome-wide identification of bZIP gene family and expression analysis of BhbZIP58 under heat stress in wax gourd.

Background: The basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor family is one of the most abundant and evolutionarily conserved gene families in plants. It assumes crucial functions in the life cycle of plants, including pathogen defense, secondary metabolism, stress response, seed maturation, and flower development. Although the genome of wax gourd has been published, little is known about the functions, evolutionary background, and gene expression patterns of the bZIP gene family, which limits its utilization.

Ligustilide enhances pregnancy outcomes via improvement of endometrial receptivity and promotion of endometrial angiogenesis in rats.

Ligustilide (LIG) is the main active ingredient of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels, which could promote focal angiogenesis to exert neuroprotection. However, there was no report that verified the exact effects of LIG on endometrial angiogenesis and the pregnancy outcomes.

Hyperoside exerts protective effects against anticardiolipin antibody-induced recurrent pregnancy loss and .

Background: Women with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) or antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) are at high risk for obstetric complications, including recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). However, effective treatments for RPL are lacking.

Objective: This study aimed to reveal the function and underlying mechanism of hyperoside (Hyp) in RPL associated with antiphospholipid antibodies (aCLs).

Probiotic longum BB68S Improves Cognitive Functions in Healthy Older Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Probiotics could improve cognitive functions in patients with neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, but the effects on cognitive function in healthy older adults without cognitive impairment need further study. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Bifidobacterium longum BB68S (BB68S) on cognitive functions among healthy older adults without cognitive impairment. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted with 60 healthy older adults without cognitive impairment who were divided into probiotic or placebo groups and required to consume either a sachet of probiotic (BB68S, 5 × 1010 CFU/sachet) or placebo once daily for 8 weeks.

The plasmid-encoded lactose operon plays a vital role in the acid production rate of during milk beverage fermentation.

is used extensively in the fermented milk-beverage industry as a starter culture. Acid production capacity during fermentation is the main criterion for evaluating starters although it is strain-dependent. In this study, the acid production rates of 114 strains were determined and then classified into high acid (HC), medium acid (MC), and low acid (LC) groups.

Hyperoside Protects Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells Against Anticardiolipin Antibody-Induced Injury by Activating Autophagy.

Anticardiolipin antibody (aCL), an important characterization of antiphospholipid syndrome, shows an intense association with vascular endothelial injury. Hyperoside is a flavonoid extracted from medicinal plants traditionally used in Chinese medicines, displaying anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-oxidative properties in various diseases. Recent studies have shifted the focus on the protective effects of hyperoside on vascular endothelial injury.

Simultaneous quantification of nine components in the plasma of depressed rats after oral administration of Chaihu-Shugan-San by ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry and its application to pharmacokinetic studies.

Chaihu-Shugan-San (CSS), a classic Chinese formula, has long been used to treat depression. For a better and rational use of this formula, here, we investigated the comprehensive pharmacokinetic features of multiple ingredients from CSS using ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS) in depressed rats. Force swimming experiments were conducted to establish a rat model of depression.

Pharmacokinetic study of precisely representative antidepressant, prokinetic, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative compounds from Fructus aurantii and Magnolia Bark.

Background: Currently, few herbal pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters have been applied successfully for therapeutic monitoring because of the complexity of consistency when there are multiple chemicals and efficacies.

Purpose: The present study aims to evaluate the herbal PK properties by investigating the PK parameters of the 8 absorbed bioactive compounds (ABCs), which can represent its parent herbal holistic efficacy, to achieve a PK therapeutic monitoring of herbs.

Method: First, we tested the hypothesis that the antidepressant and prokinetic effects and related anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation activity (APIO) by Fructus aurantii-Magnolia Bark (FM) formula are related to 8 compounds according to the absorbable evidence and the determined contents.

Pharmacokinetic study of the prokinetic ABCs liquiritigenin, naringenin and hesperitin following the oral administration of Si-Ni-San decoction to functional dyspepsia patients.

1. The pharmacokinetics (PKs) analysis of compounds absorbed after the oral administration of Si-Ni-San (SNS) decoction to functional dyspepsia (FD) patients was designed to detect whether the effects were similar to prokinetics administered to healthy rats, without ethical limitation. 2.

Biodegradability of nitrogenous compounds under anaerobic conditions and its estimation.

The anaerobic biodegradability of 23 nitrogenous compounds, including nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds and aliphatic amines, was tested and assessed in integration. These nitrogenous compounds were classified into readily, partially, and poorly biodegradable compounds after calculation of their integrated assessment indices (IAIs), Rules for anaerobic biodegradation of these compounds were also drawn. Stepwise regression and backpropagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN) methods were applied to establish quantitative structure-biodegradability relationships (QSBRs) based on the assessment results.

Aromatic compounds biodegradation under anaerobic conditions and their QSBR models.

Anaerobic biodegradability of 46 kinds of aromatic compounds was tested and assessed in integrate. These aromatic compounds were classified into readily, partially and poorly biodegradable compounds after their integrated assessment indices (IAI) were calculated. Some rules of anaerobic biodegradation of them were drawn.

Integrated assessment for anaerobic biodegradability of organic compounds using the analytical hierarchy process.

Anaerobic biodegradability of organic compounds can be assessed from the changes in organic compounds, the end products, and the activity of microorganisms. In this study, all three of these variables were considered to integrate assessment of the anaerobic biodegradability of organic compounds. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) was introduced to integrate the assessment.

Anaerobic biodegradability of aliphatic compounds and their quantitative structure biodegradability relationship.

In this study, anaerobic biodegradability of 47 kinds of aliphatic compounds was tested and assessed in integrate. These aliphatic compounds were classified into readily, partially and poorly biodegradable compounds after their integrated assessment indices (IAI) were calculated. Some laws of anaerobic biodegradation of aliphatic compounds were drawn.

INT-dehydrogenase activity test for assessing anaerobic biodegradability of organic compounds.

This study assessed anaerobic biodegradability of organic compounds from microorganism activity. Dehydrogenase activity can be a good parameter characterizing the microorganism activity. A modified method of 2-(p-iodophenyl-3-(p-nitrophenyl)-5-pheny tetrazolium chloride-dehydrogenase activity determination was proposed in anaerobic biodegradability assessment.

[Effect of common ions in water on water association by 17O-NMR].

There are various kinds of trace ions in water supply, such as Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and Cl-, SO(4)2-, CO(3)2- etc. 17O-NMR chemical shift and line-width of water were measured under different temperature and different concentrations of various salts in aqueous solutions containing those ions. The relationship of 17O-NMR chemical shift and line-width of water to water association and the effect of ions on water association were analyzed.

Integrated assessment for aerobic biodegradability of organic substances.

In this paper, the amount of oxygen consumption, end products and activities of microorganisms are considered as the three factors which affect the biodegradability of organic substances in water. Two integrated assessment methods for biodegradability of organic substances, fuzzy clustering integrated assessment and weighted integrated assessment, have been developed. Simultaneously, the detail steps for assessing a new organic substance biodegradability with these two integrated assessment methods are proposed.