Prodigiosin inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis through influencing amino acid metabolism in multiple myeloma.

The recurrence of drug-resistant and expensive treatment drugs are major causes of the low survival rate of multiple myeloma (MM) patients. Exploring a safe, effective, low-cost and novel drug treatment for MM is a promising strategy to relieve the burden of MM patients. In this study, we found that prodigiosin could inhibit MM cell proliferation and induce MM cell apoptosis, however, it had a lesser cytotoxic effect on normal B cells within the IC range of MM cells.

Upcycling of mixed polyolefin wastes to 3D structured carbon Joule heaters for decarbonized hydrogen production.

Societal decarbonization is essential for environmental sustainability and prosperity, requiring cohesive efforts to advance materials circularity alongside the development of zero-carbon energy and heat solutions. In most systems, these challenges are addressed separately. However, creating integrated solutions that connect opportunities across energy and materials loops can be transformative and critical for achieving lasting impact.

Iron-Cobalt Alloy@Graphene-Engineered Milk Extracellular Vesicles for Gastric Retentive Drug Delivery.

Oral drug delivery is widely used for treating gastric diseases as it allows drugs to act directly on gastric lesions, thereby improving therapeutic outcomes. However, its efficacy is hindered by the specific gastric environment, such as the gastric mucosal barrier, which limits drug penetration, and the short gastric emptying time, which results in transient residence time. Raw milk-derived extracellular vesicles (M-EVs) offer promise as a gastric drug delivery platform.

Anomalously Large Luminescence Modulation Induced by Trace Lanthanide Impurities in Alloyed Upconversion Nanocrystals.

Achieving precise control over emission characteristics, such as wavelength and lifetime, is critical to unlocking the full potential of luminescent nanomaterials for diverse applications. In this work, we present a strategy for fine-tuning the optical properties of upconversion nanocrystals by engineering parts-per-million (ppm)-doping-level lanthanide impurities. We show that even trace impurities (∼10 ppm, fewer than 10 atoms per nanocrystal), which are only a hundredth of the conventionally studied doping levels and were previously considered negligible, serve as efficient energy traps in energy migration-based upconversion processes.

Association between neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio and mortality in Hemodialysis patients: insights from a prospective cohort study.

Background: The neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR) emerges as a novel inflammation marker, demonstrating prognostic ability in a variety of cardiovascular diseases. However, its impact on mortality among patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) remains uncertain. Our research aims to determine whether NPAR is a reliable predictor of mortality in MHD patients.

Roxadustat Increases Markers of Calcification in Patients with End-Stage Kidney Disease: Prospective Cohort Study.

Aim: To determine the effects of roxadustat on calcification when treating renal anemia in end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients.

Methods: A prospective cohort study enrolled participants with ESKD that either received roxadustat or no roxadustat treatment. The primary outcome was the change in the degree of hydroxyapatite (HAP) crystals deposition.

Developing a quantitative adulteration discrimination model for forest-grown Panax notoginseng using near-infrared spectroscopy with a dual-branch network.

The ecological cultivation of herbs is gaining popularity due to its superior quality and greater economic value, with increasing applications in functional foods. However, profit-driven motives have led to the mislabeling of conventionally grown herbs as ecologically cultivated. Species consistency presents new challenges in authenticity identification, especially in detecting adulteration.

Barriers to implementation of preoperative urostomy site marking in nurse-physician cooperation: A qualitative study based on the Theoretical Domains Framework.

Objective: This study aimed to understand the barriers to nurse-physician collaboration in implementing preoperative stoma site marking using qualitative research methods following Theoretical Domain Framework.

Methods: A qualitative descriptive study using semi-structured interviews was conducted from March to June 2023 in the urology departments of nine tertiary hospitals in China. Twelve urologists and eight enterostomal therapists (ETs) were recruited using purposive sampling.

Natural Enzyme-Loaded Polymeric Stealth Coating-Armed Engineered Probiotics by Disrupting Tumor Lactate Homeostasis to Synergistic Metabolism-Immuno-Enzyme Dynamic Therapy.

Reducing L-lactate levels in tumors is crucial for alleviating immunosuppression and enhancing treatment efficacy. Recently, bacteria have great potential in improving lactate levels in the tumor microenvironment due to their physiological properties, tumor tropism, and immunogenicity. However, developing bacterial-based lactate regulation platforms is still facing great challenges due to bacterial modification impacts on activity, macrophage phagocytosis, and complex tumor microenvironment.

Flexibility-Induced Collective Behavior Drives Symmetry Breaking in Discrimination of Undesired Ions.

Structure flexibility is essential for the biological function of proteins. At the same time, many proteins need to discriminate ligands with subtle differences, with one example being ion selectivity. Investigating the mechanisms by which flexible proteins achieve such precise discrimination is crucial for advancing our understanding of their functions.

Differential pathogenicity of heterologous nucleopolyhedroviruses on Spodoptera frugiperda corresponds to modulated expression of immune-response-related genes.

The fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a notorious invasive pest wreaking havoc on various crops globally.

The gastric microbiome altered by A4GNT deficiency in mice.

Background: Selective antimicrobial effects have been found for α1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine residues at the terminus of O-glycans attached to a core protein of gastric gland mucin. encodes α1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyl transferase, which is responsible for the biosynthesis of α1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine. The impact of A4GNT on the establishment and homeostasis of the gastric microbiome remains to be clarified.

Blind Recognition of Convolutional Codes Based on the ConvLSTM Temporal Feature Network.

The accurate identification of channel-coding types plays a crucial role in wireless communication systems. The recognition of convolutional codes presents challenges, primarily due to their strong temporal dependencies, varying constraint lengths, and additional contamination from noise. However, existing algorithms often rely on manual feature extraction or are limited to a restricted number of coding types, rendering them inadequate for practical applications.

Modulating Adsorption Behavior by Single-site Pt on RuO for Efficient Electrosynthesis of Glycolic Acid from Plastic Wastes.

Electrochemical upcycling of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) wastes into valuable glycolic acid (GA) is an ideal solution for resource utilization. However, simultaneously achieving high activity and selectivity remains challenging due to the over-oxidation and C-C cleavage during ethylene glycol (EG) oxidation in PET hydrolysate. Herein, we develop an atomically isolated Pt on RuO (Pt/RuO) catalyst composed of high-density Pt-Ru interfaces that ensure single-site adsorption of EG, enrich surface *OH coverage and weaken *CO-CHOH intermediate adsorption, thereby synergistically promoting GA generation.

Collagen-mediated in situ mineralization-enhanced biomimetic bone tissue engineering scaffolds.

Oriented poly(lactic acid) (PLA) fiber bone tissue engineering scaffolds are often limited by factors including poor material hydrophilicity and weak osteogenic activity. The introduction of in situ mineralization can address these issues, but it requires the assistance of hydrophilic materials to achieve optimal performance. Collagen, a nature-based ECM component, was adopted because it can enhance hydrophilicity, encourage cell adhesion, and biomimetrically induce mineralization, according to recent studies of ECM-mimicking scaffolds.

Clinical Assessment of Common Medications for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis.

Objective: With a steadily rising prevalence, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was a leading global cause of liver-related health problems. In the clinical management of NAFLD, various western pharmaceuticals were widely utilized. This network meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of common western medications for NAFLD patients.

Global Dynamics of Grassland FVC and LST and Spatial Distribution of Their Correlation (2001-2022).

Fractional Vegetation Cover (FVC) and Land Surface Temperature (LST) are critical indicators for assessing grassland ecosystems. Based on global remote sensing data for FVC and LST from 2001 to 2022, this study employs the Mann-Kendall trend test and Spearman correlation analysis to explore the dynamic changes in and spatial distribution patterns of both variables. The results indicate that the FVC is increasing in regions such as Europe, the eastern southern Sahara, western India, eastern South America, western and southern North America, and central China.

Electronic Nicotine Delivery System Advertisement Trends After US Federal Policy Changes.

Importance: The US has implemented several regulatory measures to govern the sale and marketing of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS). A nicotine warning statement requirement became effective in September 2018, the minimum legal age for tobacco and nicotine sales was raised to 21 years (Tobacco to 21 Act [T21]) in December 2019, and a January 2020 enforcement policy limited the sale of cartridge-based ENDS to only tobacco and menthol flavors.

Objective: To track the presence of the nicotine warning statement, youth appeals, and flavor cues in the advertisements of 3 ENDS brands with marketing authorization during the implementation of the US federal tobacco policies.

Decentralized identifiers based IoT data trusted collection.

The data collection processes of IoT devices face significant security challenges, including access authorization, secure transmission, and secure storage. These challenges are particularly critical in sectors such as smart healthcare, smart homes, and smart cities, where users often lack direct ownership or control over IoT devices. Various solutions have been proposed to address these issues, leveraging technologies such as Certificate Authorities (CAs) and blockchain.

Analysis of the potential biological mechanisms of geniposide on renal fibrosis by network pharmacology and experimental verification.

Background: Renal fibrosis is crucial in the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) to end-stage renal failure. Geniposide, an iridoid glycoside, has shown therapeutic potential in acute kidney injury, diabetic nephropathy, and atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of geniposide in renal fibrosis and its underlying mechanisms.

PerC B-Cells Activation via Thermogenetics-Based CXCL12 Generator for Intraperitoneal Immunity Against Metastatic Disseminated Tumor Cells.

During cancer peritoneal metastasis (PM), conventional antigen-presenting cells (dendritic cells, macrophages) promote tumorigenesis and immunosuppression in peritoneal cavity. While intraperitoneal immunotherapy (IPIT) has been used in clinical investigations to relieve PM, the limited knowledge of peritoneal immunocytes has hindered the development of therapeutic IPIT. Here, a dendritic cell-independent, next-generation IPIT is described that activates peritoneal cavity B (PerC B) cell subsets for intraperitoneal anti-tumor immunity via exogenous antigen presentation.

Quantitative profiling and mapping of small molecules by laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: combinations of carbon-based nano-matrices and sample preparation protocols.

The choices of matrices and protocols for sample deposition are critical factors, which impact each other in the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI). Previous reports on MALDI MS matrices have only compared their performances in terms of their MS signal intensities and provided optical microphotos or MALDI MS images of sample spots but typically lacked quantitative evaluation. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a multivariate model to evaluate the performance of different combinations of matrices and sample protocols.

Mass Spectrometry-Based Spatial Multiomics Revealed Bioaccumulation Preference and Region-Specific Responses of PFOS in Mice Cardiac Tissue.

The distribution and bioaccumulation of environmental pollutants are essential to understanding their toxicological mechanism. However, achieving spatial resolution at the subtissue level is still challenging. Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) is a persistent environmental pollutant with widespread occurrence.

Toward high-performance rechargeable magnesium batteries with a CuSe-CTAB nanoparticle cathode and Mg[B(HFIP)]/DME electrolyte.

Developing advanced cathode materials effectively enhances the electrochemical performance of rechargeable magnesium batteries (RMBs). Herein, we designed a CTAB-assisted hydrothermal method to construct CuSe nanoparticles as the cathode and Mg[B(HFIP)]/DME as the electrolyte shows high specific capacity and great cycling performance in RMBs.

Sustained immunogenicity of bivalent protein COVID-19 vaccine SCTV01C against antigen matched and mismatched variants.

Background: The development of bivalent or multivalent vaccines offers a promising strategy for combating SARS-CoV-2 mutations.

Research Design And Methods: In this phase 2 trial, conducted from 1 December 2021, to 25 July 2023, 392 unvaccinated adults aged ≥18 years were randomized to receive a primary series of two doses and a booster dose of SCTV01C, a bivalent protein SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.

Results: Geometric mean titers (GMTs) of neutralizing antibodies (nAb) against live Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron showed 85.