Effect of Kerosene Dual-Jet Spacing on the Mixing and Combustion Characteristics of a Scramjet Combustor.

As the core of a hypersonic propulsion system, the effective mixing efficiency of fuel and air in a supersonic combustor is crucial for its performance. This study focuses on a cold supersonic flow and employs computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques combined with Euler-Lagrange method's discrete-phase model (DPM) for multiphase flows, K-H and R-T (Kelvin-Helmholtz and Rayleigh-Taylor) mixing and atomization models, turbulence models, and surface evaporation models to investigate the injection, atomization, and mixing characteristics of kerosene in supersonic airflow. In order to enhance the mixing efficiency between kerosene and air while reducing flow losses, this study examines a staggered dual-jet injection scheme, with the dual jets arranged at the center of the cavity and having a dual-jet spacing of 10 and 20 mm, respectively.

Evaluation of Influences of Changed Lower Cover Geometry on Kerosene-Air Interaction in a Scramjet Combustor.

The fuel in a scramjet combustor must be injected into a high-speed crossflow and mixed with supersonic air in a very short period of time in order for the scramjet jet to operate reliably. More generally, the supersonic air is produced by the lower cover, similar to a Laval type nozzle, of the scramjet combustor. However, significant variation in lower cover geometry is prone to produce unstable vortexes.

Results of sacrospinous ligament fixation using conventional instruments for symptomatic stage 2 and 3 apical prolapse over 3 years.

Objective: To evaluate the long-term efficacy and quality of life concerning sacrospinous ligament fixation (SSLF) using conventional instruments for Chinese women with symptomatic stage 2 and 3 apical prolapse.

Methods: This single-arm prospective cohort study was conducted at our hospital between October 2011 and December 2018. Eligible participants were followed up over 3 years after surgery.

Clinical Manifestations Of Adenomyosis Patients With Or Without Pain Symptoms.

Purpose: Our study aims to investigate the distribution of pain symptoms and the association between pain symptoms and clinical parameters in patients with adenomyosis.

Patients And Methods: The clinical and pathological data of 291 patients diagnosed with adenomyosis in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital from March 2012 to September 2015 were collected, and analyzed in regard to the pain symptoms.

Results: The median age at disease onset was 34 years.

Correlation between the diversity of vaginal microbiota and the risk of high-risk human papillomavirus infection.

Objectives: Since other genital infections enhance HIV susceptibility by inducing inflammation and evidence suggests that the vaginal microbiome plays a functional role in the persistence or regression of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infections, we investigated the relationship between the composition of the vaginal microbiota and the risk of high-risk HPV infection.

Methods: The study included 151 healthy women (65 HPV-positive and 86 HPV-negative) aged 20-65 at enrollment. Total genome DNA from samples was extracted using the hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) CTAB method.

Risk Factors for Recurrence of Ovarian Endometriosis in Chinese Patients Aged 45 and Over.

Background: When considering the issue of recurrence, perimenopausal women may have more dilemma during management comparing with young women, for example, whether to retain the uterus and ovary during surgery, whether it is necessary to add adjuvant medicine treatment after operation, and there is no evidence for reference about using of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist. This study aimed to study the risk factors for the recurrence of ovarian endometriosis (EM) in patients aged 45 and over.

Methods: This is a retrospective nested case-control study.

Predictive factors of ovarian carcinoma for women with ovarian endometrioma aged 45 years and older in China.

Background: To explore the risk factors of endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer (EAOC) in women with ovarian endometriosis (OEM) aged 45 years and above in China.

Methods: This study reviewed the medical records of 1038 women in total who were aged 45 years and above, surgical-pathologically diagnosed with ovarian endometriosis, and were treated at Peking Union Medical College Hospital between December 1996 and December 2016. Histology evaluation was used to determine whether the ovarian endometriosis specimen was with (n = 30) or without (n = 1008) ovarian cancer.

Gliomatosis peritonei: a series of eight cases and review of the literature.

Background: Gliomatosis peritonei (GP) is a rare condition characterized by mature glial tissue implants widespread in the peritoneum. The GP is often associated with ovarian teratoma. However, little is known about the characteristics and prognosis of GP.

[Reevaluating the role of dilation and curettage in the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy].

Objective: To evaluate the clinical role of dilation and curettage (DC) in the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy (EP).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of 108 patients with pregnancy of unknown location who underwent a DC with an abnormal rise in β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG) level and without visible intrauterine pregnancy (IUP) on transvaginal ultrasound and 24 patients who did not receive DC with β-HCG>5 000 IU/L.The final diagnosis depended on β-HCG trend review after DC and the pathologic and laparoscopic findings.

[Multicenter randomized clinical study of high-intensity focused ultrasound and cortical hormone in the treatment of non-neoplastic epithelial disorders of vulva].

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) and cortical hormone in the treatment of non-neoplastic epithelial disorders of vulva.

Methods: A total of 268 cases with pathologically diagnosed non-neoplastic epithelial disorders of vulva were randomly allocated into two groups of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) (n = 119) and cortical hormone (n = 124). And 25 cases became lost to follow-ups.

[Prospective study on total pelvic reconstruction surgery with Prosima in the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse stage III].

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of total pelvic reconstruction surgery with Prosima in treatment of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) stage III.

Methods: From July 2010 to December 2011, 31 patients with POP stage III undergoing total pelvic reconstruction surgery with Prosima were enrolled in this prospective study. Among two cases complicated with stress urinary incontinence underwent transobturator tension-free vaginal tape concomitantly with total pelvic reconstruction surgery with Prosima.

Evaluating the feasibility and safety of vaginal myomectomy in China.

Background: Classically, myomectomy has been performed via laparotomy, but laparoscopic myomectomy has now become a valuable treatment option. Vaginal myomectomy as a minimal invasive procedure has also been evaluated; however, its feasibility and safety are controversial with few clinical trials published. This study was designed to evaluate the feasibility of vaginal myomectomy in China and to document any associated complications.

Total pelvic floor reconstruction surgery for repair of severe pelvic organ prolapse.

Objective: To evaluate clinical effectiveness of total pelvic floor reconstruction surgery for repair of severe pelvic organ prolapse.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 21 patients with severe pelvic organ prolapse. The anatomical outcomes were evaluated by Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantitation, functional effectiveness by Prolapse Quality of Life method, and sexual function and operation-related complications were also analyzed.

[Total Prolift(TM) system surgery for the repair of recurrent severe pelvic organ prolapse].

Objective: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of total Prolift(TM) system surgery for the repair of recurrent severe pelvic organ prolapse.

Methods: The clinical records of 13 cases of recurrent severe pelvic organ prolapse were retrospectively analyzed. The characteristic was vaginal vault prolapse in combination with anterior and posterior wall prolapse.

Unilateral sacrospinous ligament fixation for treatment of genital prolapse.

Background: Genital prolapse affects 30% of middle-aged and older women and is becoming a major public health concern. Sacrospinous ligament fixation is an effective and safe procedure for vaginal vault prolaps with a low recurrence and complication rate. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of unilateral sacrospinous ligament fixation (SSLF) for the management of pelvic organ prolapse (POP).

Clinical assessment for three routes of hysterectomy.

Background: Hysterectomy is a very common surgery in gynecology. Ideal surgery for hysterectomy is microinvasive with few complications. There are three major routes of hysterectomy that are currently used.

[Modified total pelvic floor reconstruction for repair of severe pelvic organ prolapse].

Objective: To evaluate the clinical outcome of a novel approach for pelvic floor reconstruction using synthetic mesh (modified total pelvic floor reconstruction) for treatment of pelvic organ prolapse.

Methods: Modified total pelvic floor reconstruction was performed in 30 patients with severe pelvic organ prolapse (including vault prolapse). The clinical outcome of each patient was assessed.

[Significance of serum/cerebrospinal fluid human chorionic gonadotropin ratio and prophylactic intrathecal therapy in patients with brain metastases of gestational trophoblast tumor].

Objective: To evaluate the effect of serum/cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ratio of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in detecting brain metastases of gestational trophoblast tumor and the significance of prophylactic intrathecal therapy.

Methods: Clinical information of 44 patients with brain metastases (stage IV) and 29 patients with lung metastases (stage III) of gestational trophoblast tumor who were admitted to our hospital between 1986 to 2001 were retrospectively analyzed by case control study. The variability of the ratio and the relationship between brain metastases was investigated, together with the effect of prophylactic intrathecal therapy.

[Mutations in the D-loop region of mitochondrial DNA in ovarian tumors].

Objective: To investigate mutations in the D-loop region of mitochondrial DNA in ovarian tumors.

Methods: The D-loop region of 25 epithelial ovarian tumors together with the adjacent normal tissues were amplified by PCR and sequenced.

Results: Among the 25 ovarian tumors, 26 mutations were identified with the mutation rate of 32%.