The Correlation Between Fecal Amino Acids, Colonic Mucosal Taste Receptors, and Clinical Features and Indicators of Ulcerative Colitis: A Multicenter Exploratory Study.

Background: Patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) exhibit abnormal amino acid (AA) metabolism. Taste receptors play a crucial role in the detection of intestinal AAs. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether UC patients exhibit abnormal expression of these receptors in the colon.

The effect of different immobilization approaches on red-eared sliders.

The ethical issues surrounding sacrifice methods in animal experimentation have garnered increasing attention, making immobilization and sedation an integral part of the sacrifice process for experimental animals. Currently, internationally recognized general sacrifice methods for commonly used laboratory animals have been established, but there remains significant controversy over the sacrifice methods for turtles. To explore the effectiveness of various immobilization methods and their impact on stress-related indicators in turtles, this study used red-eared sliders (Trachemys scripta elegans) as subjects.

Correction: Melatonin as an inducer of arecoline and their coordinated roles in anti-oxidative activity and immune responses.

Correction for 'Melatonin as an inducer of arecoline and their coordinated roles in anti-oxidative activity and immune responses' by Xiaojian Yin , , 2020, , 8788-8799, https://doi.org/10.1039/D0FO01841D.

Metabolic abnormalities, liver enzymes increased risk of gallstones: a cross-sectional study and multivariate mendelian randomization analysis.

Background And Aims: Some studies have explored the relationship between metabolic abnormalities, elevated liver enzymes and gallstone risk, but the results have been inconsistent. The aim of this study was to comprehensively assess the relationship between metabolic abnormalities, liver enzymes, and gallstone risk through a cross-sectional study and Mendelian randomization analysis.

Methods: Firstly, a cross-sectional study was conducted involving 555,31 subjects who underwent physical examinations at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University between January 2021 and December 2021.

Ablation of LKB1 gene changes the lipid profiles of goat intramuscular fat and enhances polyunsaturated fatty acids deposition.

The content and composition of intramuscular fat (IMF) affect the cooked meat palatability such as tenderness and juiciness. Thus, elucidation of lipid deposition and its composition in goat IMF is necessary. Here, Jianzhou big-ear goats with higher IMF content is associated with lower mRNA level of LKB1 gene, compared with those of Chuannan black goats.

A stepwise mode of TGFβ-SMAD signaling and DNA methylation regulates naïve-to-primed pluripotency and differentiation.

The formation of transcription regulatory complexes by the association of Smad4 with Smad2 and Smad3 (Smad2/3) is crucial in the canonical TGFβ pathway. Although the central requirement of Smad4 as a common mediator is emphasized in regulating TGFβ signaling, it is not obligatory for all responses. The role of Smad2/3 independently of Smad4 remains understudied.

Regulation loopholes in China aggravate depletion of wildlife.

China has committed to develop an ecological civilization and recently taken significant steps to enhance conservation measures including updating the List of National Key Protected Wild Animals and revising the Wildlife Protection Law in 2021. Conservation has improved by increasing the number of protected species. However, a notable shortcoming undermines the effectiveness of protection for as many as 87 species, as the regulation applies only to wild and not to captive individuals (Figure 1 and Table S1).

Integrated multi-omics approach and pathological analyses provide new insights into the hepatic injury and metabolic alterations in Saanen goats after dietary exposure to aflatoxin B.

Exploring the toxicity and metabolic mechanisms of Aflatoxin B (AFB) in ruminants can help to develop strategies to prevent or reduce the transfer of the toxin and its metabolites to milk and meat. This study aimed to explore the effects of 3 concentrations of dietary AFB (0, 50, and 500 μg/kg) on hepatic injury and metabolism in Saanen goats via histological examination, Western blot analysis, as well as integrated multi-omics techniques. Eighteen Saanen goats were assigned to 1 of 3 treatments and the AFB challenge lasted for 14 d.

Research on antibiotic resistance genes in wild and artificially bred green turtles (Chelonia mydas).

Sea turtles, vital to marine ecosystems, face population decline. Artificial breeding is a recovery strategy, yet it risks introducing antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) to wild populations and ecosystems. This study employed metagenomic techniques to compare the distribution characteristics of ARGs in the guts of wild and artificially bred green turtles (Chelonia mydas).

Chromium Affects Mitochondrial Function, Leading to Apoptosis and Autophagy in Turtle Primary Hepatocytes.

Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)), a pervasive industrial contaminant, is highly toxic to both humans and animals. However, its effects on turtles are largely unexplored. Our study aimed to investigate the toxic effects of Cr(VI) on the Reeves' turtles () primary hepatocytes.

Peripheral hearing sensitivity is similar between the sexes in a benthic turtle species despite the larger body size of males.

Sexually dimorphic hearing sensitivity has evolved in many vertebrate species, and the sex with a larger body size typically shows more sensitive hearing. However, generalizing this association is controversial. Research on sexually dimorphic hearing sensitivity contributes to an understanding of auditory sense functions, adaptations, and evolution among species.

Effects of Fertilizer Application Intensity on Carbon Accumulation and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Moso Bamboo Forest- Hua Agroforestry Systems.

Agroforestry management has immense potential in enhancing forest carbon sequestration and mitigating climate change. Yet the impact and response mechanism of compound fertilization rates on carbon sinks in agroforestry systems remain ambiguous. This study aims to elucidate the impact of different compound fertilizer rates on soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, vegetation and soil organic carbon (SOC) sinks, and to illustrate the differences in agroforestry systems' carbon sinks through a one-year positioning test across 12 plots, applying different compound fertilizer application rates (0 (CK), 400 (A1), 800 (A2), and 1600 (A3) kg ha).

Effects of Freshwater Acidification on the Gut Microbial Community of .

Freshwater acidification (FA) has become a global environmental problem, posing a potential threat to freshwater ecosystems. The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the host's response and adaptation to new environments. In this study, we investigated the changes in microbial communities in Red-eared slider () under acidic conditions to reveal the ecological impacts of acidification on freshwater turtles.

Hainan four-eyed turtles actively select suitable stones to masquerade according to their own morphology.

Masquerade is a form of camouflage in which animals use their body size, shape, and coloration to resemble inanimate objects in their environment to deceive predators. However, there is a lack of experimental evidence to show that animals actively choose objects that match these body parameters. To explore how the Hainan four-eyed turtle, , masquerades using suitable stones, we used indoor video surveillance technology to study the preferences of juvenile for stones of different sizes, shapes, and colors.