Increasing the smoking cessation success rate by enhancing improvement of self-control through sleep-amplified memory consolidation: protocol of a randomized controlled, functional magnetic resonance study.

Background: Tobacco use disorder (TUD) remains a global health crisis characterized by high relapse rates despite extensive cessation efforts. This study aims to enhance treatment outcomes by addressing the cognitive and neural imbalances associated with habitual and goal-directed behaviours among individuals with TUD. We hypothesise that by integrating high-intensity interval training (HIIT), cognitive remediation treatment (CRT) via app-based chess training and a standard smoking cessation program (SCP) for cognitive control and sleep quality will be improved, thereby facilitating smoking cessation.

[Markers of cardiovascular system damage as additional criteria for the diagnosis of sarcopenia.].

Sarcopenia is a pathological condition characterized by muscle failure associated with age, in which muscle mass and strength decrease and, as a result, functional status and quality of life decrease. The article discusses and presents the stiffness of the arterial wall and the vascular wall reflection index as markers of damage to the cardiovascular system in elderly and senile women with arterial hypertension; the influence of markers of damage to the cardiovascular system in the development of sarcopenia is considered; an algorithm for the diagnosis of sarcopenia for clinical practice is presented.

A comprehensive 26-color immunophenotyping panel to study the role of the gut-liver axis in chronic liver diseases.

The gut-liver axis includes the bidirectional communication between the gut and the liver, and thus covers signals from liver-to-gut and from gut-to-liver. Disruptions of the gut-liver axis have been associated with the progression of chronic liver diseases, including alcohol-related and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and cholangiopathies. Immune cells and their expression of pattern recognition receptors, activation markers or immune checkpoints might play an active role in the communication between gut and liver.

Exploring Risk Factors for Adverse Reactions in Children with an Acute Psychotic Episode Using the Global Trigger Tool: Does Age Matter?

To establish significant risk factors for the development of adverse drug effects (ADEs) in children and adolescents with an acute psychotic episode taking antipsychotics. The research team randomly selected 15 patient records each month for 3 years (2016-2018). Overall, 450 patient records were included (223 boys and 227 girls, mean age was 14.

Fluorochrome-dependent specific changes in spectral profiles using different compensation beads or primary cells in full spectrum cytometry.

Full spectrum flow cytometry is a powerful tool for immune monitoring on a single-cell level and with currently available machines, panels of 40 or more markers per sample are possible. However, with an increased panel size, spectral unmixing issues arise, and appropriate single stain reference controls are required for accurate experimental results and to avoid unmixing errors. In contrast to conventional flow cytometry, full spectrum flow cytometry takes into account even minor differences in spectral signatures and requires the full spectrum of each fluorochrome to be identical in the reference control and the fully stained sample to ensure accurate and reliable results.

[Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder in adolescent girls].

Objective: To analyze the premorbid features, clinical manifestations, dynamics and outcomes of ARFID in adolescent girls, as well as to clarify the relationship of ARFID with other eating disorders (EDs) and comorbid mental pathology.

Material And Methods: The study included 52 female adolescents, aged 10.2-16.

[The clinic of autistic disorders at an early age].

Objective: To study disorders of mental development and psychopathological symptoms in young children with autistic disorders of various origins.

Material And Methods: Two hundred and sixty-five children, aged 9 months to 4 years, (201 boys, 64 girls) with symptoms of autistic disorder were examined. The patients were divided into two age groups - the 1st group consisted of 36 children, aged 9 months to 2 years, the 2nd group consisted of 229 children from 2 years to 4 years.

Effectiveness of Reducing Craving in Alcohol Use Disorder Using a Serious Game (SALIENCE): Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) has become a major global health problem. Therapy for this condition is still a great challenge. Recently, it has become increasingly evident that computer-based training is a valuable addition to the treatment of addictive disorders.

Detection and evaluation of different morphological forms of Mycoplasma hominis in human semen.

Recently discovered microcolonial forms of Mycoplasma hominis ( M. hominis ) and their impact on human spermatogenesis are studied. The spermatozoa of 125 fertile men (sperm donors; from Reprobank [Reproductive Tissue Bank, Moscow, Russia]) and of 93 patients with fertility problems (from the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Research Centre for Medical Genetics [RCMG]", Moscow, Russia) were used.

Geofencing in location-based behavioral research: Methodology, challenges, and implementation.

This manuscript presents a novel geofencing method in behavioral research. Geofencing, built upon geolocation technology, constitutes virtual fences around specific locations. Every time a participant crosses the virtual border around the geofenced area, an event can be triggered on a smartphone, e.

SERS immuno- and apta-assays in biosensing/bio-detection: Performance comparison, clinical applications, challenges.

Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy is increasingly used as a sensitive bioanalytical tool for detection of variety of analytes ranging from viruses and bacteria to cancer biomarkers and toxins, etc. This comprehensive review describes principles of operation and compares the performance of immunoassays and aptamer assays with Surface Enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection to each other and to some other bioassay methods, including ELISA and fluorescence assays. Both immuno- and aptamer-based assays are categorized into assay on solid substrates, assays with magnetic nanoparticles and assays in laminar flow or/and strip assays.

Resolving 31 colors on a standard 3-laser full spectrum flow cytometer for immune monitoring of human blood samples.

Immune monitoring of patients on a single-cell level is becoming increasingly important in various diseases. Due to the often very limited availability of human specimens and our increased understanding of the immune systems there is an increasing demand to analyze as many markers as possible simultaneously in one panel. Full spectrum flow cytometry is emerging as a powerful tool for immune monitoring since 5-laser instruments enable characterization of 40 parameters or more in a single sample.

Immobilizing Interstitial Cardiac Fibrosis.

Background: The alterations in the endomysium and perimysium might cause compaction and gradual mechanical compression of cardiomyocytes resulting in their immobilization. This process finally leads to severe stiffening, so that the newly formed frame around individual cardiomyocytes and their clusters hinders normal diastole, and later systole. This phenomenon is referred to as immobilizing interstitial cardiac fibrosis (IICF).

Psychological well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic: Combining a web survey with experience sampling methodology.

COVID-19-related regulations have impacted the economy and people's well-being, highlighting the long-standing problem of inequality. This research explored how COVID-19-related restrictive policies, such as a lockdown or social distancing, affected people's well-being. In Study 1, a cross-sectional online survey (N = 685), we examined the associations between socio-economic characteristics, the number of resources, their relative change, people's stress levels, and their support of restrictive policies.

Using computer-based habit versus chess-based cognitive remediation training as add-on therapy to modify the imbalance between habitual behavior and cognitive control in tobacco use disorder: protocol of a randomized controlled, fMRI study.

Background: Although the vast majority of smokers are aware of the enormous preventable health hazards caused by smoking, only a small percentage of smokers manage to remain abstinent in the long term. One possible explanation for this discrepancy lies in the inflexibility of addictive behavior and associated disadvantageous decision-making. According to a dual-process theory of decision-making, two distinct decision systems can be identified.

Order and disorder, crossovers, and phase transitions in dipolar artificial spin ice on the Cairo lattice.

We study the thermodynamic properties of the magnetic dipolar spin ice on a 2D pentagonal Cairo lattice by using the numerical Metropolis and the complete enumeration methods. We use the model of point Ising-like dipoles considering long-range interactions with up to 100 nearest neighbors and with periodic boundary conditions. There are two explicit peaks both in the temperature behavior of the heat capacity and in the magnetic susceptibility.

Immune Transcriptome and Secretome Differ between Human CD71+ Erythroid Cells from Adult Bone Marrow and Fetal Liver Parenchyma.

CD71+ erythroid cells (CECs) were only known as erythrocyte progenitors not so long ago. In present times, however, they have been shown to be active players in immune regulation, especially in immunosuppression by the means of ROS, arginase-1 and arginase-2 production. Here, we uncover organ-of-origin differences in cytokine gene expression using NanoString and protein production using Bio-Plex between CECs from healthy human adult bone marrow and from human fetal liver parenchyma.

Human Fetal Liver Parenchyma CD71+ Cells Have AIRE and Tissue-Specific Antigen Gene Expression.

Autoimmune regulator (AIRE) is a multifunctional protein that is capable of inducing tissue-specific antigens' (TSAs) gene expression, a key event in the induction of self-tolerance, that is usually expressed and functions in the thymus. However, its expression has been detected outside the thymus and cells expressing the gene have been named extra-thymic expressing cells (eTACs). Here, we discuss the finding of and TSAs gene expression in CD71+ cells from human fetal liver parenchyma, which are mostly represented by CD71+ erythroid cells.

CYP2D6 phenotype and ABCB1 haplotypes are associated with antipsychotic safety in adolescents experiencing acute psychotic episodes.

Objectives: To identify possible associations of , and gene polymorphisms with the efficacy and safety of antipsychotics in adolescents with acute psychotic episodes.

Methods: We examined the associations of pharmacogenetic factors with the efficacy and safety of antipsychotics in 101 adolescents with acute psychotic episodes. The diagnosis on admission was "Brief psychotic disorder" (F23.

Open Lab: A web application for running and sharing online experiments.

Online experiments have become a popular way of collecting data in the social and behavioral sciences. However, the high technical hurdles of setting up a server may prevent researchers from starting them. Also, proprietary software may restrict a researcher's freedom to customize or share their study.

A Smarter Way to Use Your Smartphone: An Intervention to Limit Smartphone-Related Distractions Reduces Hyperactivity but Not Inattention Symptoms.

Introduction: Smartphones are often helpful in our everyday lives. Yet, they also tend to interrupt us during other activities. It has been argued that such distractions contribute to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder-like symptoms.

CYP2D6 phenotype and ABCB1 haplotypes are associated with antipsychotic safety in adolescents experiencing acute psychotic episodes.

Objectives: To identify possible associations of , and gene polymorphisms with the efficacy and safety of antipsychotics in adolescents with acute psychotic episodes.

Methods: We examined the associations of pharmacogenetic factors with the efficacy and safety of antipsychotics in 101 adolescents with acute psychotic episodes. The diagnosis on admission was "Brief psychotic disorder" (F23.

lab.js: A free, open, online study builder.

Web-based data collection is increasingly popular in both experimental and survey-based research because it is flexible, efficient, and location-independent. While dedicated software for laboratory-based experimentation and online surveys is commonplace, researchers looking to implement experiments in the browser have, heretofore, often had to manually construct their studies' content and logic using code. We introduce lab.