Why do preconception and pregnancy lifestyle interventions demonstrate limited success in preventing overweight and obesity in children? A scoping review investigating intervention complexity, process evaluation components, and author interpretations.

Preventing childhood obesity from early life is considered essential. However, evidence from recent systematic reviews has highlighted inconsistent results and limited effectiveness of preconception and pregnancy lifestyle interventions regarding offspring weight outcomes and adiposity. Therefore, to improve our understanding regarding the mixed success of these early life interventions, we conducted a scoping review examining intervention complexity, process evaluation components, and authors' statements.

Sociodemographic factor associations with maternal and placental outcomes: A cluster and partial least squares regression analysis.

Introduction: Maternal social disadvantage adversely affects maternal and offspring health, with limited research on placental outcomes. Therefore, we examined maternal sociodemographic factor associations with placental and birth outcomes in general (Lifeways Cross-Generation Cohort) and at-risk (PEARS Study of mothers with overweight or obesity) populations of pregnant women.

Methods: TwoStep cluster analysis profiled Lifeways mothers (n = 250) based on their age, parity, marital status, household income, private healthcare insurance, homeowner status, and education.

Associations between the maternal healthy lifestyle score and its individual components during early pregnancy with placental outcomes.

Introduction: The influence of maternal lifestyle behaviours on placental growth have been investigated individually, but with conflicting results, and their combined effect is under-researched. Therefore, we examined associations between a composite maternal healthy lifestyle score (HLS), and its individual components, during early pregnancy with placental outcomes.

Methods: Participants included Lifeways Cross-Generational Cohort mother-child pairs (n = 202).

Associations between maternal dietary scores during early pregnancy with placental outcomes.

Background And Aims: Individual macronutrient and micronutrient effects on placental growth have been widely investigated. However, the influence of overall maternal diet is relatively unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine associations between a range of maternal dietary scores during early pregnancy with placental outcomes, and to investigate whether there is evidence of sexual dimorphism.