Comparative Evaluation of Antibacterial Efficacy of Silver and Cadmium Nanoparticles and Calcium Hydroxide against Biofilm.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the antibacterial efficacy of calcium hydroxide medicament, silver (AgNPs) and cadmium nanoparticles (CdSNPs) as medicament against the biofilms of on dentin sections. is commonly detected in asymptomatic and persistent endodontic infections.

Methods: Twenty standard size dentin sections were prepared.

Integrated Analysis of Cancer Tissue and Vitreous Humor from Retinoblastoma Eyes Reveals Unique Tumor-Specific Metabolic and Cellular Pathways in Advanced and Non-Advanced Tumors.

Retinoblastoma (Rb) is a pediatric intraocular malignancy that is proposed to originate from maturing cone cell precursors in the developing retina. The molecular mechanisms underlying the biological and clinical behaviors are important to understand in order to improve the management of advanced-stage tumors. While the genetic causes of Rb are known, an integrated understanding of the gene expression and metabolic processes in tumors of human eyes is deficient.

Altered Ocular Surface Health Status and Tear Film Immune Profile Due to Prolonged Daily Mask Wear in Health Care Workers.

Prolonged daily face mask wearing over several months might affect health of the ocular surface and is reported to be associated with complaints of discomfort and dry-eye-like symptoms. We studied the ocular surface clinical parameters, tear soluble factors and immune cell proportions in ophthalmologists practicing within similar environmental conditions ( = 17) at two time points: pre-face-mask period (Pre-FM; end of 2019) and post-face-mask-wearing period (Post-FM; during 2020 COVID-19 pandemic), with continuous (~8 h/day) mask wear. A significant increase in ocular surface disease index (OSDI) scores without changes in tear breakup time (TBUT), Schirmer's test 1 (ST1) and objective scatter index (OSI) was observed Post-FM.

Transcatheter Closure of Complex Left Circumflex to Coronary Sinus Fistula.

Coronary artery fistulae connecting the left circumflex to the coronary sinus are rare. Surgical closure of coronary sinus connections is technically challenging because of the location, especially in high-risk surgical patients. We used multimodality imaging to delineate the drainage site and successfully closed a left circumflex to coronary sinus fistula using a transcatheter closure technique.

Non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (NA-AION) and COVID-19 vaccination.

A woman in her 50s presented with diminution of vision in her left eye (OS) 4 days after COVISHIELD vaccination. She had been diagnosed with non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (NA-AION) of right eye (OD) 8 months earlier. The present episode revealed a best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 20/50 in OD and 20/20 in OS with grade 1 relative afferent pupillary defect.

Corneal Confocal Microscopy Features and Tear Molecular Profile in Study Participants with Discordance between Ocular Surface Disease Clinical Signs and Discomfort.

Various ocular surface conditions such as dry eye disease can present with severe discomfort and pain. However, it is clinically challenging to establish etiology and prescribe correct treatment in patients who have a lot of discordance between symptoms and signs. To understand the basis of such discordance, we stratified subjects with ocular surface pain based on concordance between the severity of signs and symptoms and evaluated corneal structural features and tear molecular factors.

In Vitro Comparison of the Wettability of a Bioceramic Root Canal Sealer on Dentin With and Without Erbium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Er:YAG) Laser Irradiation.

Introduction: To evaluate and compare the wettability of bioceramic root canal sealer (BioRoot™ RCS, Septodont, Saint-Maur-des-Fossés, France) on dentin with and without erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser irradiation using different frequencies and energies.

Methods: A hundred single-rooted tooth samples were divided into five groups of 20 samples each. Each group was treated with different methods before sealer application as follows: Group 1: Treated with 2 ml 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) irrigant for one minute (control group); group 2: Irradiated with Er:YAG laser for one minute (8 Hz frequency and 200mJ energy); group 3: Irradiated with Er:YAG laser for one minute (8 Hz frequency and 400mJ energy); group 4: Irradiated with Er:YAG laser for one minute (16 Hz frequency and 200mJ energy); group 5: (n=20) samples irradiated with Er:YAG laser for one minute (16 Hz frequency and 400mJ energy).

A case of acute endothelial corneal transplant rejection following immunization with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 coronavirus vaccine.

A 28-year-old female who underwent an uneventful femtosecond laser enabled keratoplasty (FLEK) in her left eye presented with pain, redness, and blurring of vision in the operated eye two weeks after getting immunized with COVID-19 vector vaccine (ChAdOx1 nCoV19 Vaccine Recombinant COVISHIELD, AstraZeneca). Slit-lamp examination showed donor stromal edema with Descemet's membrane folds and Khodadoust line (KP's on endothelium) with anterior chamber cells and flare. The patient was diagnosed with acute corneal graft rejection and advised hourly topical steroids with cycloplegics and oral steroids.

Psychosocial assessment among ophthalmic patients attending tertiary eye care centre during the lockdown in times of COVID-19 pandemic.

Purpose: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic continues to play havoc in our lives. During the first " lockdown" in 2020, we were keen on assessing the anxiety levels of patients who sought ophthalmic care despite the lockdown. Public health actions, such as social distancing, were necessary to reduce the spread of COVID-19.

Expression of stable and reliable preference and aversion phenotypes following place conditioning with psychostimulants.

Rationale And Objectives: Drug-seeking behavior occurs more readily in some individuals than others. This phenomenon is considered in studies of drug self-administration in which high drug-seeking/taking individuals can be identified. In contrast, studies of conditioned place preference (CPP) often involve a random sample of drug-naïve rodents that includes phenotypes not considered relevant to addiction.

Generation of iPSC line (GLNNFi001-A) from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of a patient with macular corneal dystrophy.

Macular corneal dystrophy (MCD) an autosomal recessive disorder leading to severe visual impairment is caused by mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 6 (CHST6) gene. Here, we describe generation of a iPSC line from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from a 38 year old MCD patient harboring a homozygous mutation, p.V172L in the CHST6 gene.

Processing, Characterization of (FF) Fiber and Investigation of Physical/Mechanical Properties of FF/Epoxy Composite.

In recent days the rising concern over environmental pollution with excessive use of synthetic materials has led to various eco-friendly innovations. Due to the organic nature, abundance and higher strength, natural fibers are gaining a lot of interest among researchers and are also extensively used by various industries to produce ecological products. Natural fibers are widely used in the composite industry as an alternative to synthetic fibers for numerous applications and new sources of fiber are continuously being explored.

Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Anterior Uveitis following Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccination in an Asian Indian Female.

Purpose: To describe a case of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV 1) infection following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination in an Asian Indian female.

Methods: Retrospective case report.

Result: A 40-year-old female presented with decreased vision, pain, and photophobia of 2 weeks duration.

Practices, awareness, and perception towards home-based COVID-19 management among the general population in Mangalore city in south India.

Most patients with COVID-19 experience mild illness, which can be managed in a home environment. This study was done to assess the perception, awareness, and practices regarding home-based management of COVID-19 among the general population in India. This cross-sectional study was done in May and June 2021.

A study on the association between the inferior nasal turbinate volume and the maxillary sinus mucosal lining using cone beam tomography.

Objectives: The volume of the inferior turbinates (IT) and the lining of the maxillary sinuses are important parameters when assessing sino-nasal diseases. However, no radiographic studies have investigated the correlation between these parameters. The present study was conducted to analyze the association between IT volumes and thickness of maxillary sinus mucosal lining.

Serial ERG monitoring of response to therapy in vitamin A deficiency related night blindness.

Two male patients with known systemic disorders who presented with complaints of nyctalopia underwent a complete ophthalmic examination including electrophysiological evaluation and serum vitamin A (retinol) levels. A significant vitamin A deficiency was detected, supplementation started and repeat electroretinogram (ERG) testing was carried out to monitor the timeline of recovery. Restoration of rod and generalised cone function was rapid within the first week of receiving treatment and near normal recovery was seen after 1 month of supplementation.

Sex differences in neurobehavioral consequences of methamphetamine exposure in adult mice.

Rationale: Recreational and medical use of stimulants is increasing, and their use may increase susceptibility to aging and promote neurobehavioral impairments. The long-term consequences of these psychostimulants and how they interact with age have not been fully studied.

Objectives: Our study investigated whether chronic exposure to the prototypical psychostimulant, methamphetamine (METH), at doses designed to emulate human therapeutic dosing, would confer a pro-oxidizing redox shift promoting long-lasting neurobehavioral impairments.

Corneal Biomechanics and Intraocular Pressure Following Scleral Lens Wear in Penetrating Keratoplasty and Keratoconus.

Objective: To compare corneal biomechanics and intraocular pressure (IOP) in keratoconus and penetrating keratoplasty eyes before and after nonfenestrated scleral lens wear.

Methods: Twenty-three participants were enrolled, and 37 eyes were included in the analysis (11 penetrating keratoplasty and 26 keratoconus). A range of corneal biomechanical parameters and IOP were measured using the CORVIS ST before and after 8 hr of nonfenestrated scleral lens wear (Keracare, Acculens, Denver, CO).

Caveolin-1 peptide regulates p53-microRNA-34a feedback in fibrotic lung fibroblasts.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a life-threatening disease resulting from dysregulated repair responses to lung injury. Excessive extracellular matrix deposition by expanding myofibroblasts and fibrotic lung fibroblasts (fLfs) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of PF, including IPF. We explored fLfs' microRNA-34a (miR-34a) expression from IPF tissues.

Ocular Surface Infection Mediated Molecular Stress Responses: A Review.

Infection mediated ocular surface stress responses are activated as early defense mechanisms in response to host cell damage. Integrated stress responses initiate the host response to different types of infections and modulate the transcription of key genes and translation of proteins. The crosstalk between host and pathogen results in profound alterations in cellular and molecular homeostasis triggering specific stress responses in the infected tissues.

Impact of tear optics on the repeatability of Pentacam AXL wave and iTrace in measuring anterior segment parameters and aberrations.

Purpose: To assess impact of tear optics on repeatability of a Scheimpflug device with a Hartmann Shack aberrometer and a ray tracing aberrometer.

Methods: One hundred healthy and 100 postrefractive surgery eyes underwent dry eye evaluation including Schirmer's test and tear film break-up time (TBUT). They underwent optical quality analyzer (OQAS, Visio metrics S.

Root anatomy and canal configuration of human permanent mandibular second molar: A systematic review.

The objective of the study was to review the literature on root anatomy and canal configuration in permanent mandibular second molar based on Vertucci classification. Online electronic databases such as PubMed-Medline, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library were searched using appropriate keywords from the earliest available date till 10 February 2021 restriction on language. Additional sources such as Google Scholar, major journals, unpublished studies, conference proceedings, and cross-references were explored.

Repeatability and Agreement of a New Scheimpflug Device and a Hartmann-Shack Aberrometer With a Ray-Tracing Aberrometer in Normal, Keratoconus, and CXL Groups.

Purpose: To assess repeatability and agreement of a Scheimpflug topographer and a Hartmann-Shack aberrometer with a ray-tracing aberrometer in normal, keratoconus, and corneal cross-linking (CXL) groups.

Methods: In this cross-sectional, observational study, normal, keratoconus, and CXL groups with 125 eyes in each of the three groups were included. All eyes underwent three sets of measurements, at a single visit, using the Pentacam AXL Wave (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH) and iTrace (Tracey Technologies).

Quantitative Proteomics Reveals Molecular Network Driving Stromal Cell Differentiation: Implications for Corneal Wound Healing.

The differentiation of keratocytes to fibroblasts and myofibroblasts is an essential requisite during corneal wound closure. The aim of this study is to uncover factors involved in differentiation-dependent alteration in the protein profile of human corneal stromal cells using quantitative proteomics. Human corneal fibroblasts were cultured and differentiated into keratocytes in serum-free media and myofibroblasts through treatment with TGF-β.