Quality and Consumer Acceptance of Chia Seed as an Egg Substitute in Brownies.

Chia seeds have emerged as a promising natural substitute for eggs in various baked products due to their unique gelling properties and ability to bind ingredients. Their gelling abilities closely mimic the moisture-retention functions of eggs in baked goods. The growing interest in plant-based alternatives creates a larger market for more sustainable foods.

Evidence-Based Lessons from Policy Implementation Research in Two Countries Achieving Progress on Global Breastfeeding Targets: Recommendations from the Philippines and Viet Nam.

: There is extensive evidence that breastfeeding saves lives, improves health, and provides value to the economy and societies worldwide. The Philippines and Viet Nam have progressive policies to enable breastfeeding, and breastfeeding rates in these countries have substantively improved. In the Philippines, exclusive breastfeeding under six months (EBF) increased from 35.

Molecular Approaches to Treating Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Current Perspectives and Future Directions.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a clinical syndrome that presents as airflow limitation with poor reversibility accompanied by dynamic hyperinflation of the lung. It is a complex disease with chronic inflammatory airway changes caused by exposure to noxious particles or gases, such as cigarette smoke. The disease involves persistent inflammation and oxidative stress, perpetuated by frequent exacerbations.

3D printing and pressureless sintering of LiTiO for next generation dielectric resonator antennas.

Direct-write additively manufactured (AM) high-performance lithium titanate (LiTiO) microwave RF ceramic with comparable density, dielectric constant, dielectric loss, and quality factor to traditionally made equivalents is demonstrated. Increasing the surface-to-volume ratio and interfacial free energy in designed electrosteric slurries is shown to be effective for driving pressureless sintering and porosity elimination. A relative density as high as 96.

Modification of the splice acceptor in CD163 exon 7 of pigs is insufficient to confer resistance to PRRSV.

CD163 is the primary receptor for PRRSV, and its SRCR5 domain, encoded by exon 7, is crucial for supporting PRRSV infection. Previous studies have used CRISPR/Cas9 technology to remove exon 7 from the host genome, and the edited pigs were completely resistant to PRRSV infection. In this study, we used CRISPR/Cas9 technology mimicking an adenine base editor (ABE) to edit the splice acceptor site of exon 7, rendering it nonfunctional.

Incidence of Scrub Typhus in Rural South India.

Background: Hospital studies suggest that scrub typhus is a leading cause of severe undifferentiated fever in regions across Asia where the disease is endemic, but the population-based incidence of infection and illness has been little studied.

Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study to assess epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of scrub typhus in 37 villages in Tamil Nadu, India, where the disease is highly endemic. Study participants were visited every 6 to 8 weeks over a period of 2 years; a venous blood sample was obtained from those who had had fever since the last visit.

Lipoylation inhibition enhances radiation control of lung cancer by suppressing homologous recombination DNA damage repair.

Lung cancer exhibits altered metabolism, influencing its response to radiation. To investigate the metabolic regulation of radiation response, we conducted a comprehensive, metabolic-wide CRISPR-Cas9 loss-of-function screen using radiation as selection pressure in human non-small cell lung cancer. Lipoylation emerged as a key metabolic target for radiosensitization, with lipoyltransferase 1 (LIPT1) identified as a top hit.

Neoantigen-based mRNA vaccine exhibits superior anti-tumor activity compared to synthetic long peptides in an in vivo lung carcinoma model.

Neoantigen vaccines hold great promise in cancer immunotherapy, but the comparative efficacy of different vaccine platforms, particularly in the context of tumor burden (TB), remains insufficiently studied. In this research, we evaluated the safety and therapeutic efficacy of synthetic long peptide and mRNA-based vaccines, both designed to target identical neoantigens across different Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC) tumor burdens. We employed the LLC syngeneic mouse model, a widely used preclinical model for aggressive and immunosuppressive tumors.

A Single-Center Case-Control Study of Glaucoma Severity on Initial Presentation in Haitian Americans.

Purpose: To assess relative glaucoma severity between Haitians and non-Haitians upon presentation to a tertiary referral practice using a retrospective case-control design.

Patients And Methods: All Haitian descent patients were age- and zip code-matched with non-Haitian Hispanic American controls from a tertiary glaucoma service in a 1:1 ratio. Clinical and social vulnerability characteristics were analyzed for differences in functional and structural glaucoma deficits.

Characterization of the procoagulant phenotype of amniotic fluid across gestation in rhesus macaques and humans.

Background: Amniotic fluid (AF) plays a key role in fetal development, yet the evolving composition of AF and its effects on hemostasis and thrombosis are poorly understood.

Objectives: To characterize the procoagulant properties of AF as a function of gestation in humans and nonhuman primates.

Methods: We analyzed the proteomes, lipidomes, and procoagulant properties of AF obtained by amniocentesis from rhesus macaque and human pregnancies at gestational age-matched time points.

Enhanced mitochondrial function and delivery from adipose-derived stem cell spheres via the EZH2-H3K27me3-PPARγ pathway for advanced therapy.

Background: Microenvironmental alterations induce significant genetic and epigenetic changes in stem cells. Mitochondria, essential for regenerative capabilities, provide the necessary energy for stem cell function. However, the specific roles of histone modifications and mitochondrial dynamics in human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) during morphological transformations remain poorly understood.

Use and Usefulness of Risk Prediction Tools in Urologic Surgery: Current State and Path Forward.

Introduction: While the enthusiasm for artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance surgical decision-making continues to grow, the preceding advance of risk prediction tools (RPTs) has had limited impact to date. To help inform the development of AI-powered tools, we evaluated the role of RPTs and prevailing attitudes among urologists.

Methods: We conducted a national mixed methods study using a sequential explanatory design.

CNM-Au8 in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: The HEALEY ALS Platform Trial.

Importance: Bioenergetic failure has been proposed as a driver of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). CNM-Au8 is a suspension of gold nanocrystals that catalyzes the conversion of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydride into NAD+, resulting in an increase of cellular adenosine triphosphate production.

Objective: To determine the effects of CNM-Au8 on ALS disease progression.

Pridopidine in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: The HEALEY ALS Platform Trial.

Importance: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal disease. The sigma-1 (σ1) receptor emerged as a target for intervention.

Objective: To determine the effects of pridopidine, a σ1-receptor agonist, in ALS.

Verdiperstat in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Results From the Randomized HEALEY ALS Platform Trial.

Importance: Myeloperoxidase is one of the most abundant peroxidase enzymes in activated myeloid cells. Myeloperoxidase inhibitors may have a clinical benefit in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) by slowing neurodegeneration via reduced neuroinflammation and oxidative stress.

Objective: To determine the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of verdiperstat, a selective myeloperoxidase inhibitor, in ALS.

Structure of the CD33 Receptor and Implications for the Siglec Family.

In the innate immune system, the CD33 receptor modulates microglial activity. Its downregulation promises to slow Alzheimer's disease, and it is already targeted in blood cancers. The mechanism underlying CD33 signaling is unresolved.

Homosexuality stigma and HIV risk behaviors among HIV-negative men who have sex with men in Vietnam.

Stigma toward homosexuality plays an important role in the increased risk of acquiring or transmitting HIV among men who have sex with men (MSM). This study describes associations between three dimensions of homosexuality-related stigma (enacted, perceived and internalized) and HIV risk behaviors among HIV-negative MSM in Hanoi, Vietnam. A total of 1675 HIV-negative MSM were recruited from the baseline of a cohort study from 2017 to 2019 through respondent-driven, time-location and internet-based sampling strategies.

Fertility dynamics through historical pandemics and COVID-19 in Switzerland, 1871-2022.

We follow general fertility rates (GFRs) in Switzerland up to 2022, with a focus on their dynamics during and after pandemics. Historical influenza pandemics (1889-90, 1918-20, 1957) have consistently led to temporary declines in births between six and nine months after the pandemic peak. High rates of miscarriage may explain these findings.

New mechanisms and therapeutic approaches to regulate vascular permeability in systemic inflammation.

Purpose Of Review: This review summarizes mechanisms that regulate endothelial vascular permeability in health and disease. In systemic inflammation, the endothelial barrier integrity is disrupted, which exacerbates vascular permeability, leading to organ failure and death. Herein we provide an overview of emerging therapeutic targets to reverse barrier dysfunction and preserve vascular permeability in inflammatory diseases like sepsis.

Adverse consequences of systemic corticosteroids use among a broad population of US adults with asthma: a real-world analysis.

Aims: Systemic corticosteroids (SCS) are used to manage asthma exacerbations. Among the broad population of patients with asthma, SCS-related risk of adverse events (AEs), health care resource utilization (HCRU), and costs remain unclear.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective cohort study used the Optum Research Database claims to identify adults with asthma from 1/1/2017-6/30/2022.

Demographics and Trends in Outpatient Surgery for Laryngeal Cancer: 2016-2021.

Objective: To analyze the utilization patterns of outpatient laryngoscopic excision procedures for laryngeal cancer in the United States, examining procedural costs and patient demographics to identify disparities in healthcare access.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: National Ambulatory Surgery Sample database of major ambulatory surgeries in the United States, 2016-2021.

Long-term survival of endodontically treated teeth: A retrospective analysis of predictive factors at a German dental school.

Objectives: The aims were to investigate the survival rate of endodontically treated teeth (ETT) at a German dental school and to identify potential prognostic factors influencing tooth survival.

Methods: Dental records of patients were retrospectively screened for nonsurgical root canal treatment of at least one permanent tooth between 2000 and 2015. Individual-, tooth-, and treatment-related variables were recorded, and survival was defined as the presence of the ETT in the oral cavity until the date of censoring.