Effect of eyelid manipulation and manual jugular compression on intraocular pressure measurement in dogs.

Objective: To determine the effect of eyelid manipulation and manual jugular compression on intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement in clinically normal dogs.

Design: Randomized clinical trial.

Animals: 30 dogs (57 eyes) without diseases or medications that affect IOP.

Postoperative complications and visual outcomes of phacoemulsification in 103 dogs (179 eyes): 2006-2008.

Objective: To describe the postoperative complications and visual outcome after phacoemulsification in dogs and identify risk factors for complications.

Animals Studied: One hundred and three dogs (179 eyes) that had phacoemulsification with or without intraocular lens (IOL) placement including foldable acrylic IOLs between March 2006 and March 2008 at Purdue University Veterinary Teaching Hospital.

Procedure: Medical records were reviewed and occurrence and dates of postoperative complications were tabulated.

Coccidioides posadasii keratouveitis in a llama (Lama glama).

A 7-year-old male llama was examined for a 3-month history of weight loss, and unilateral keratouveitis. Clinical examination revealed nonulcerative corneal stromal abscessation, corneal vascularization, corneal edema, miosis, posterior synechia, cataract, and fibrin in the anterior chamber of the right eye. The left eye was normal.

Heterologous penetrating keratoplasty for treatment of a corneal sequestrum in a cat.

A corneal sequestrum was diagnosed in an 8-year-old, neutered male Burmese cat. A heterologous penetrating keratoplasty (PK) (fresh canine corneal tissue) was performed to restore a clear visual axis. A heterograft was selected in order to decrease the risk of viral transmission as a screened donor was not available.

Results of diagnostic ophthalmic testing in healthy guinea pigs.

OBJECTIVE-To report values for tear production, central corneal touch threshold (CTT), and intraocular pressure (IOP) in healthy guinea pigs and determine results of aerobic bacterial culture and cytologic examination of conjunctival swab specimens. DESIGN-Cross-sectional study. ANIMALS-31 Healthy guinea pigs (62 eyes) of various ages and breeds.

Ocular melanocytic neoplasia.

Tumors of melanocytic origin in ocular tissues are relatively uncommon in dogs and cats, and although many are benign, some have a high potential for metastasis. In addition, even small ocular masses can be significant due to their potential vision-threatening sequelae. Such tumors may occur on the eyelids, on the conjunctival surface, along the limbus, or within the uveal tract.

Visual outcome in a group of dogs with ocular blastomycosis treated with systemic antifungals and systemic corticosteroids.

Objective: To evaluate the success of the use of systemic corticosteroids and antifungal medications in the treatment of dogs with ocular lesions associated with systemic blastomycosis.

Design: Retrospective study.

Animals Studied: Medical records of 25 dogs diagnosed with blastomycosis, via either cytology or histopathology, at the Purdue University Veterinary Teaching Hospital between 1 January 2000 and 1 January 2005, were reviewed.

Assessment of bacterial contamination of three multidose ophthalmic solutions.

Objective: To investigate the frequency of bacterial contamination of multidose proparacaine hydrochloride, tropicamide, and eyewash bottles used in veterinary ophthalmology examination rooms during normal operating procedures.

Methods: Three representative bottles each of proparacaine hydrochloride, tropicamide, and purified water eye wash were opened at the same time, numbered, and placed into small animal examination rooms. Doctors, students and technicians who were using the solutions were blinded to the study.

In vitro fungistatic and fungicidal activities of silver sulfadiazine and natamycin on pathogenic fungi isolated from horses with keratomycosis.

Objective: To evaluate the in vitro antifungal properties of silver sulfadiazine (SSD) and natamycin against filamentous fungi isolated from eyes of horses with keratomycosis.

Sample Population: Filamentous fungal isolates obtained from eyes of keratomycosis-affected horses.

Procedures: Fungal culture of ocular samples yielded 6 Fusarium spp; 7 Aspergillus spp; and 1 isolate each of Curvularia, Scopulariopsis, Penicillium, and Chrysosporium.

Leptospirosis and panuveitis in a dog.

A case of panuveitis as a result of leptospiral infection in an 8-year-old Jack Russell Terrier is reported. Mild hyphema, aqueous flare, and partial serous retinal detachments were noted in both eyes on initial ophthalmic examination. The serum microscopic agglutination testing for Leptospira serovarieties revealed titers of 1 : 12 800 for Leptospira canicola and 1 : 200 for Leptospira icterohemorrhagiae.

Effect of oral administration of L-lysine on conjunctivitis caused by feline herpesvirus in cats.

Objective: To determine whether oral administration of L-lysine to cats would lessen the severity of conjunctivitis caused by feline herpesvirus (FHV-1).

Animals: 8 healthy young adult cats.

Procedure: Cats received oral administration of lysine monohydrochloride (500 mg, q 12 h) or placebo (lactose) beginning 6 hours prior to inoculation of virus.

The use of carbon dioxide laser for the ablation of meibomian gland adenomas in dogs.

Twelve eyelid meibomian gland adenomas in dogs were surgically ablated using the carbon dioxide (CO(2)) laser. The laser site was not sutured. All procedures resulted in complete removal of the adenoma with no recurrences at 6 months.

The use of porcine small intestinal submucosa for the repair of full-thickness corneal defects in dogs, cats and horses.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of using a porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) graft covered by a conjunctival flap for the surgical repair of full-thickness corneal wounds in dogs, cats and horses.

Procedure: All records dating from August 1999 to February 2003 from Purdue University Veterinary Teaching Hospital of patients that had undergone ophthalmic surgical procedures and received a SIS corneal graft for a full-thickness lesion were reviewed. Fifteen cases were identified including six dogs, two cats and seven horses.

Development of a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay to detect feline herpesvirus-1 latency-associated transcripts in the trigeminal ganglia and corneas of cats that did not have clinical signs of ocular disease.

Objective: To develop a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay to detect feline herpesvirus-1 (FHV-1) latency-associated transcripts (LATs) in the corneas and trigeminal ganglia of cats that did not have clinical signs of ocular disease.

Sample Population: Corneas and trigeminal ganglia obtained from 21 cats necropsied at the Indiana Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory and 25 cats euthanatized at a humane shelter; none of the cats had a recent history of respiratory tract or ocular disease, and all had normal results for ophthalmic examinations.

Procedure: Both corneas and both trigeminal ganglia were harvested from each cat.

Dexamethasone-induced exophthalmos in a group of Holstein calves.

Six Holstein calves were evaluated for progressive exophthalmos. The affected calves were receiving daily injections of dexamethasone (30 microg/kg subcutaneously twice daily) as part of a metabolic study. The control calves did not exhibit exophthalmos.

Effect of topical administration of 1% morphine sulfate solution on signs of pain and corneal wound healing in dogs.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of topical application of a 1% morphine sulfate solution (MSS) on signs of pain and wound healing in dogs with corneal ulcers and examine normal corneas immunohistochemically for the presence of mu and delta opioid receptors.

Animals: 12 dogs.

Procedure: A 7-mm superficial corneal ulcer was surgically created in the right eye (OD) of 10 dogs, after which gentamicin solution and 1% MSS (n = 6) or saline solution (4) was administered topically OD 3 times daily.

Idiopathic ocular and nasal granulomatous inflammatory disease in a dog.

A young female Akita presented for ocular and nasal lesions. Examination showed bilateral 360 degree limbal masses that extended onto the peripheral cornea. In addition, intranasal granulomatous masses were observed by rhinoscopy.

Changes in intraocular pressure and pupil size following intramuscular administration of hydromorphone hydrochloride and acepromazine in clinically normal dogs.

Objective: To investigate the effects of intramuscularly administered hydromorphone hydrochloride and acepromazine on intraocular pressure (IOP) and pupil size (PS).

Animals Studied: Seventeen dogs free of clinically relevant ocular abnormalities.

Procedure: Measurements of IOP and PS were obtained and the dogs were injected intramuscularly with hydromorphone (0.

Laser flaremetric evaluation of experimentally induced blood-aqueous barrier disruption in cats.

Objectives: To determine whether aqueous humor flare, measured by use of laser flaremetry, was proportional to aqueous humor protein concentration and to use laser flaremetry to evaluate disruption of the blood-aqueous barrier (BAB) in cats.

Animals: 30 healthy adult cats.

Procedure: Laser flaremetry values for all eyes were compared with aqueous humor protein concentrations determined by use of a Coomassie blue microprotein assay.