Prevalence of visual impairment, ocular pathology, and ability to achieve a thorough examination in an eye clinic for patients with disabilities.

Purpose: To report the demographics, types of visual/ocular pathology, and ability to achieve a comprehensive examination at a university-based outpatient clinic for individuals of all ages with disabilities.

Methods: The medical records for all patients with disabilities examined from January 2014 through December 2016 at our monthly clinic staffed by a pediatric ophthalmologist were reviewed retrospectively. Descriptive statistics were calculated for demographics, visual acuity, ocular diagnoses, nonocular diagnoses, refractive error, and achievable examination data.

Calcified scleral choristoma in organoid nevus syndrome simulating retinoblastoma.

A child referred for management of retinoblastoma who alternatively had a calcified scleral choristoma as part of previously undiagnosed organoid nevus syndrome is described. A 31-month-old male infant with scalp alopecia was referred for retinoblastoma management after a calcified mass in his left eye was found. Ophthalmic examination revealed the mass was of choroidal or scleral origin, underlying the retina.

Pediatric horner syndrome: etiologies and roles of imaging and urine studies to detect neuroblastoma and other responsible mass lesions.

Purpose: To evaluate the frequency of etiologies of Horner syndrome in children and suggest an imaging and laboratory diagnostic protocol to evaluate for neuroblastoma and other lesions in a child presenting with Horner syndrome and no known cause.

Design: Retrospective chart and data review.

Methods: A retrospective review of all children seen at a large pediatric neuro-ophthalmology referral center with a diagnosis of Horner syndrome between 1993 and 2005 with particular attention to underlying etiologies and the results of imaging and urine catecholamine studies.