Just-in-time Training with Remote Guidance for Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Intervention.

Management of surgical emergencies in spaceflight will pose a challenge as the era of exploration class missions dawns, requiring increased crew autonomy at a time when training and supplies will be limited. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous intervention would allow for the management of a variety of pathologies with largely shared equipment and training. This proof-of-concept work attempts to determine the feasibility of "just-in-time" remote teaching and guidance of a sample procedure of this type.

Longitudinal alteration of cortical thickness and volume in high-impact sports.

Collegiate football athletes are subject to repeated head impacts. The purpose of this study was to determine whether this exposure can lead to changes in brain structure. This prospective cohort study was conducted with up to 4 years of follow-up on 63 football (high-impact) and 34 volleyball (control) male collegiate athletes with a total of 315 MRI scans (after exclusions: football n ​= ​50, volleyball n ​= ​24, total scans ​= ​273) using high-resolution structural imaging.

Longitudinal Changes in Hippocampal Subfield Volume Associated with Collegiate Football.

Collegiate football athletes are subject to repeated traumatic brain injuriesthat may cause brain injury. The hippocampus is composed of several distinct subfields with possible differential susceptibility to injury. The aim of this study is to determine whether there are longitudinal changes in hippocampal subfield volume in collegiate football.

CT Fluoroscopy-Guided Interlaminar Epidural Steroid Injections in the Cervical Spine: Rate of Nontarget Injection Into the Retrodural Space of Okada.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the rate of inadvertent injection into the retrodural space of Okada during CT fluoroscopy-guided interlaminar epidural steroid injection in the cervical spine.

Materials And Methods: Images from cases of cervical interlaminar epidural steroid injection under CT fluoroscopic guidance performed at a single institution between November 2009 and November 2015 were obtained and reviewed. For all cases, the following information was recorded: presence or absence of contrast material within the Okada space, cervical anatomic level at which the procedure was performed, laterality of approach, trainee presence, and years of proceduralist experience.

Plasticity of binocularity and visual acuity are differentially limited by nogo receptor.

The closure of developmental critical periods consolidates neural circuitry but also limits recovery from early abnormal sensory experience. Degrading vision by one eye throughout a critical period both perturbs ocular dominance (OD) in primary visual cortex and impairs visual acuity permanently. Yet understanding how binocularity and visual acuity interrelate has proven elusive.

mTOR Inhibition ameliorates cognitive and affective deficits caused by Disc1 knockdown in adult-born dentate granule neurons.

Abnormalities during brain development are thought to cause psychiatric illness and other neurodevelopmental disorders. However, developmental processes such as neurogenesis continue in restricted brain regions of adults, and disruptions of these processes could contribute to the phenotypes of neurodevelopmental disorders. As previously reported, we show that Disc1 knockdown specifically in adult-born dentate gyrus (DG) neurons results in increased mTOR signaling, hyperexcitability, and neuronal structure deficits.

The hippocampus plays a selective role in the retrieval of detailed contextual memories.

Background: It is widely believed that the hippocampus plays a temporary role in the retrieval of episodic and contextual memories. Initial research indicated that damage to this structure produced amnesia for newly acquired memories but did not affect those formed in the distant past. A number of recent studies, however, have found that the hippocampus is required for the retrieval of episodic and contextual memories regardless of their age.