Promotes Antioxidant Gene Expression and Mitochondrial Oxidative Respiration in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.

(L.) Urban (family Apiaceae) () is a traditional botanical medicine used in aging and dementia. Water extracts of (CAW) have been used to treat neuropsychiatric symptoms in related animal models and are associated with increases in antioxidant response element (ARE) genes and improvements in mitochondrial respiratory function and neuronal health.

An Overview of Continuing Medical Education/Continuing Professional Development Systems in the Middle East and North Africa: A Mixed Methods Assessment.

The aims of this assessment were to describe the requirements for physicians to engage in CME/CPD; explore perceptions of in-country SMEs of their CME/CPD systems; describe perceptions of in-country physicians about interprofessional continuing education (IPCE) and independent CME/CPD; and provide recommendations that may be adopted to improve quality and effectiveness. An assessment of CME/CPD systems in the Middle East and North Africa was conducted using a mixed-methods approach that included 1:1 interviews with in-country SMEs and an electronic survey capturing qualitative and quantitative data from practicing in-country physicians. The results of this assessment were strongly influenced by Egypt and Israel in the Middle East, and Algeria and Morocco in North Africa.

An Overview of Continuing Medical Education/Continuing Professional Development Systems in Europe: A Mixed Methods Assessment.

The aims of this assessment were to describe the requirements for European physicians to engage in CME/CPD; explore perceptions of their CME/CPD systems; interprofessional continuing education (IPCE) and independent CME/CPD and provide recommendations that may be adopted to improve quality and effectiveness. This assessment used a mixed-methods approach that included 1:1 interviews with in-country subject matter experts (SMEs) and an electronic survey capturing qualitative and quantitative data from practicing in-country physicians. Our analysis reflects countries with CME/CPD systems that are quite mature when compared to other areas of the world.

Early Initiative of Structured Mentoring and Research for Social Disadvantage Trainees to Increase Diversity and Inclusion among Clinician Scientists.

Background: There is a significant lag in integrating ethnically diverse healthcare trainees as clinician scientists. Although this gap is acknowledged, it is mostly focused physician scientists with a marked lag in dental scientists and the other healthcare fields such as the physician assistant program. We report on the outcome of three cohorts of underserved and economically disadvantaged trainees from a National Institute of Health Heart and Lung Blood Institute R25 summer training program with participants from four Rutgers Health Science schools.

An Overview of Continuing Medical Education/Continuing Professional Development Systems in Latin America: A Mixed Methods Assessment.

The aims of this regional assessment of continuing medical education (CME)/continuing professional development (CPD) systems in Latin America were to describe the current requirements, if any, for physicians to engage in CME/CPD, explore perceptions of national CME/CPD systems from in-country subject matter experts (SMEs), to describe the perceptions of interprofessional continuing education (IPCE) and independent CME/CPD from in-country physicians and to provide recommendations that may be adopted by organisations/countries to improve the quality and effectiveness of their current CME/CPD systems and better meet their learners' needs. An assessment of 11 CME/CPD systems in Latin America was conducted using a mixed-methods approach that included 1:1 interviews with in-country SMEs and an electronic survey capturing qualitative and quantitative data from practicing in-country physicians. This assessment reflected countries with CME/CPD systems that are in various stages of maturity.

Distinct chemical structures inhibit the CEMIP hyaluronidase and promote oligodendrocyte progenitor cell maturation.

Growing evidence supports pathogenic roles for chronically elevated hyaluronidase activity in numerous conditions. Elevated expression of one such hyaluronidase, the Cell Migration Inducing and hyaluronan binding Protein (CEMIP), has been implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of several cancers as well as demyelinating diseases in the central nervous system (CNS). Developing effective and selective CEMIP inhibitors could therefore have efficacy in treating a variety of conditions where CEMIP is chronically elevated.

Health Care Engagement in Disease Prevention and Management: Factors Influencing Chronic Disease Program Referral Adherence Among Non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic Men With Chronic Conditions.

This study aimed to identify factors associated with being referred to an evidence-based disease prevention and management program by a health care provider and adherence to such referrals by non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic men. Utilizing a cross-sectional design, data were collected via an internet-based questionnaire from a national sample of 1,679 non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic men ages 40 years and older with one or more chronic diseases. A 105-item survey assessed program referral and attendance, chronic conditions and medications, disease symptoms, support, communication during physician visit, health care frustrations, disease self-management efficacy, barriers to self-care, helpfulness of learning from others for self-care, and sociodemographics.

Proteomic analysis of unicellular cyanobacterium ATCC 51142 under extended light or dark growth.

The daily light-dark cycle is a recurrent and predictable environmental phenomenon to which many organisms, including cyanobacteria, have evolved to adapt. Understanding how cyanobacteria alter their metabolic attributes in response to subjective light or dark growth may provide key features for developing strains with improved photosynthetic efficiency and applications in enhanced carbon sequestration and renewable energy. Here, we undertook a label-free proteomic approach to investigate the effect of extended light (LL) or extended dark (DD) conditions on the unicellular cyanobacterium ATCC 51142.

Proteomic changes orchestrate metabolic acclimation of a unicellular diazotrophic cyanobacterium during light-dark cycle and nitrogen fixation states.

Cyanobacteria have developed an impressive array of proteins and pathways, each tailored for specific metabolic attributes, to execute photosynthesis and biological nitrogen (N)-fixation. An understanding of these biologically incompatible processes provides important insights into how they can be optimized for renewable energy. To expand upon our current knowledge, we performed label-free quantitative proteomic analysis of the unicellular diazotrophic cyanobacterium ATCC 51142 grown with and without nitrate under 12-hour light-dark cycles.

An overview of global CME/CPD systems.

Purpose: Engagement in CME/CPD has a positive impact on healthcare professionals' (HCPs) knowledge, skills, and performance, and on patient outcomes, therefore it is critical to better understand the components of CME/CPD systems that foster engagement, high-quality education, and impact.

Methods: An assessment of CME/CPD systems was conducted using a mixed-methods approach that included interviews with in-country subject matter experts and qualitative and quantitative data from practicing in-country physicians.

Results: Results demonstrate areas of consistency in CME/CPD systems across world regions that included: types of educational providers; types of credit; educational formats; self-tracking of participation; high-degree of compliance when education is mandatory; overall satisfaction with available education; strong support for interprofessional education; and lack of alignment or evaluation of engagement in education with population health outcomes.

An Overview of Continuing Medical Education/Continuing Professional Development Systems in China: A Mixed Methods Assessment.

Aims of this assessment were to describe requirements for physicians to engage in CME/CPD; explore perceptions of In-Country SMEs of their CME/CPD systems; describe perceptions of In-Country physicians about interprofessional continuing education (IPCE) and independent CME/CPD; and provide recommendations that may be adopted to improve quality and effectiveness. This assessment used a mixed-methods approach that included 1:1 interviews with in-country subject matter experts and an electronic survey capturing qualitative and quantitative data from practicing in-country physicians. This assessment reflects a country invested in the education of its physician workforce.

Factors Associated With Incident and Recurrent Falls Among Men Enrolled in Evidence-Based Fall Prevention Programs: An Examination of Race and Ethnicity.

We examined factors associated with incident (one) and recurrent (2+) falls among 7207 non-Hispanic White (NHW) (89.7%), non-Hispanic Black (NHB) (5.0%), and Hispanic (5.

Process Evaluations of Diabetes Self-Management Programs: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Objective: To conduct a systematic review of process evaluations (PEs) of diabetes self-management programs (DSMPs).

Data Source: An electronic search using Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), CINAHL (Ensco), Academic Search (Ebsco), and APA PsycInfo (Ebsco).

Study Inclusion And Exclusion Criteria: Peer-reviewed, empirical quantitative, qualitative, or mixed-method studies were included if they (1) were a traditional, group-based DSMP, (2) involved adults at least 18 years with T1DM or T2DM, (3) were a stand-alone or embedded PE, and (4) published in English.

"You Have to Find a Way for This Child to Be at the Center": Pediatric Cardiologists' Views on Triadic Communication in Consultations on Congenital Heart Defects.

Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are present at birth and require ongoing management of personal, family, and medical aspects of care, including communication between family and medical staff. Effective communication is considered one of the main objectives of patient-centered care. Communication in pediatric medicine is especially challenging because it includes children and their parent(s), and children's cognitive and communication skills are still developing.

Autoimmunity-associated allele of tyrosine phosphatase gene PTPN22 enhances anti-viral immunity.

The 1858C>T allele of the tyrosine phosphatase PTPN22 is present in 5-10% of the North American population and is strongly associated with numerous autoimmune diseases. Although research has been done to define how this allele potentiates autoimmunity, the influence PTPN22 and its pro-autoimmune allele has in anti-viral immunity remains poorly defined. Here, we use single cell RNA-sequencing and functional studies to interrogate the impact of this pro-autoimmune allele on anti-viral immunity during Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus clone 13 (LCMV-cl13) infection.

The impact of ovarian stimulation on the human endometrial microenvironment.

Study Question: How does ovarian stimulation (OS), which is used to mature multiple oocytes for ART procedures, impact the principal cellular compartments and transcriptome of the human endometrium in the periovulatory and mid-secretory phases?

Summary Answer: During the mid-secretory window of implantation, OS alters the abundance of endometrial immune cells, whereas during the periovulatory period, OS substantially changes the endometrial transcriptome and impacts both endometrial glandular and immune cells.

What Is Known Already: Pregnancies conceived in an OS cycle are at risk of complications reflective of abnormal placentation and placental function. OS can alter endometrial gene expression and immune cell populations.

Serum exosomal microRNA pathway activation in placenta accreta spectrum: pathophysiology and detection.

Background: Placenta accreta spectrum disorders are a complex range of placental pathologies that are associated with significant maternal morbidity and mortality. A diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum relies on ultrasonographic findings with modest positive predictive value. Exosomal microRNAs are small RNA molecules that reflect the cellular processes of the origin tissues.

Impaired receptivity of thin endometrium: therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells.

The endometrium is a resilient and highly dynamic tissue, undergoing cyclic renewal in preparation for embryo implantation. Cyclic endometrial regeneration depends on the intact function of several cell types, including parenchymal, endothelial, and immune cells, as well as adult stem cells that can arise from endometrial or extrauterine sources. The ability of the endometrium to undergo rapid, repeated regeneration without scarring is unique to this tissue.

Pharmacological Prescribing and Satisfaction with Pain Treatment Among Non-Hispanic Black Men with Chronic Pain.

Introduction: Pharmacological strategies are often central to chronic pain management; however, pain treatment among non-Hispanic Black men may differ because of their disease profiles and healthcare interactions. However, less is known about pain medication prescribing and patients' satisfaction with pain treatment and management among non-Hispanic Black men with self-reported chronic pain.

Purpose: This study assessed factors associated with non-Hispanic Black men being prescribed/recommended narcotics/opioids for chronic pain and their satisfaction with pain treatment/management.

A Bayesian Analysis of a Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Intervention for High-Risk People on Probation.

This analysis employs a Bayesian framework to estimate the impact of a Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) intervention on the recidivism of high-risk people under community supervision. The study relies on the reanalysis of experimental datal using a Bayesian logistic regression model. In doing so, new estimates of programmatic impact were produced using weakly informative Cauchy priors and the Hamiltonian Monte Carlo method.

Personal Agency and Social Supports to Manage Health Among Non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic Men With Diabetes.

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing among non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic communities, especially among men who develop this chronic condition at earlier ages. Personal agency and social support are vital aspects to diabetes management. However, less is known about the relationship between these variables among men living with diabetes.

The barriers to interprofessional care for cancer cachexia among Japanese healthcare providers: A nationwide survey.

Background: Cancer cachexia is a severe complication of advanced malignancy, with few therapeutic options. To promote interprofessional care for cancer cachexia, healthcare providers' needs should be addressed in detail. This pre-planned subgroup analysis of the Global Educational Needs Evaluation: a systemic interprofessional study in cancer cachexia (GENESIS-CC) survey aimed to identify barriers to interprofessional care of cancer cachexia in Japan.

Cytoprotective E-WE thrombin reduces disease severity in a murine model of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

The blood-brain barrier is composed of microvascular endothelial cells, immune cells, and astrocytes that work in concert with the coagulation cascade to control inflammation and immune cell infiltration into the central nervous system. Endothelial cell dysfunction leading to increased permeability and compromised barrier function are hallmarks of neuroinflammatory and autoimmune disorders, including multiple sclerosis (MS). Therapeutic strategies that improve or protect endothelial barrier function may be beneficial in the treatment or prevention of neuroinflammatory diseases.