Effectiveness and Acceptability of Asynchronous Digital Health in Asthma Care: Mixed Methods Systematic Review.

Background: Asynchronous digital health (eg, web-based portal, text, and email communication) can overcome practical barriers associated with in-person and remote synchronous (real-time) consultations. However, little is known about the effectiveness and acceptability of asynchronous digital health to support care for individuals with asthma (eg, asthma reviews).

Objective: We aimed to systematically review the qualitative and quantitative evidence on the role of asynchronous digital health for asthma care.

Navigating the complexity of a collaborative, system-wide public health programme: learning from a longitudinal qualitative evaluation of the ActEarly City Collaboratory.

Background: Addressing the upstream social determinants of health (e.g. built environment, education) can reduce the burden of non-communicable diseases.

Developing theoretically underpinned primary care resources for patients with asthma: an exemplar from the IMPART trial.

Aim: This article reports on the development of patient resources for the IMPlementing IMProved Asthma self-management as RouTine (IMPART) programme that aimed to encourage patients to attend asthma reviews (invitation letters), encourage patients to enquire about asthma action plans (posters), and equip patients with the knowledge to manage their asthma (information website).

Background: To improve supported asthma self-management in UK primary care, the IMPART programme developed a whole-systems approach (patient resources, professional education, and organisational strategies).

Methods: Linked to behaviour change theory, we developed a range of patient resources for primary care general practices (an information website, invitation letters to invite patients for asthma reviews, and posters to encourage asthma action plan ownership).

How does online postal self-sampling (OPSS) shape access to testing for sexually transmitted infections (STIs)? A qualitative study of service users.

Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a serious public health issue in many countries. Online postal self-sampling (OPSS) is increasingly used to test for STIs, a trend accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic. There remains limited understanding of how service users experience OPSS and what leads them to access it over clinic-based services, or vice versa.

Understanding the processes underpinning IMPlementing IMProved Asthma self-management as RouTine (IMPART) in primary care: study protocol for a process evaluation within a cluster randomised controlled implementation trial.

Background: Providing supported self-management for people with asthma can reduce the burden on patients, health services and wider society. Implementation, however, remains poor in routine clinical practice. IMPlementing IMProved Asthma self-management as RouTine (IMPART) is a UK-wide cluster randomised implementation trial that aims to test the impact of a whole-systems implementation strategy, embedding supported asthma self-management in primary care compared with usual care.

Factors influencing clinician and patient interaction with machine learning-based risk prediction models: a systematic review.

Machine learning (ML)-based risk prediction models hold the potential to support the health-care setting in several ways; however, use of such models is scarce. We aimed to review health-care professional (HCP) and patient perceptions of ML risk prediction models in published literature, to inform future risk prediction model development. Following database and citation searches, we identified 41 articles suitable for inclusion.

IMPART: development of a multi-level programme theory integrating the COM-B model and the iPARIHS framework, to enhance implementation of supported self-management of asthma in primary care.

Background: Supported asthma self-management, incorporating an asthma action plan and annual clinical review, has been recommended by UK/global guidelines for over three decades. However, implementation remains poor, as only around a third of individuals receive basic asthma care, according to the UKs leading respiratory charity Asthma and Lung UK. A systematic review of implementation studies recommended that a whole systems approach targeting patients, healthcare professional education, and organisations is needed to improve implementation of supported asthma self-management in primary care.

Development of theoretically informed audit and feedback: An exemplar from a complex implementation strategy to improve asthma self-management in UK primary care.

Rationale: Audit and feedback is an evidence-based implementation strategy, but studies reporting the use of theory to guide design elements are limited.

Aims And Objectives: Within the context of a programme of research aiming to improve the implementation of supported asthma self-management in UK primary care (IMPlementing IMProved Asthma self-management as RouTine [IMP ART]), we aimed to design and develop theoretically-informed audit and feedback that highlighted supported asthma self-management provision and areas for improvement in primary care general practices.

Method: Aligned with the Medical Research Council (MRC) complex intervention framework, the audit and feedback was developed in three phases: (1) Development: literature and theory exploration, and prototype audit and feedback design; (2) Feasibility: eliciting feedback on the audit and feedback from general practice staff (n = 9); (3) Prepiloting: delivering the audit and feedback within the IMP ART implementation strategy (incorporating patient and professional resources and an asthma review template) and eliciting clinician feedback (n = 9).

Educators' perspectives of adopting virtual patient online learning tools to teach clinical reasoning in medical schools: a qualitative study.

Background: Learning tools using virtual patients can be used to teach clinical reasoning (CR) skills and overcome limitations of using face-to-face methods. However, the adoption of new tools is often challenging. The aim of this study was to explore UK medical educators' perspectives of what influences the adoption of virtual patient learning tools to teach CR.

Meta-evaluation of a whole systems programme, ActEarly: A study protocol.

Introduction: Living in an area with high levels of child poverty predisposes children to poorer mental and physical health. ActEarly is a 5-year research programme that comprises a large number of interventions (>20) with citizen science and co-production embedded. It aims to improve the health and well-being of children and families living in two areas of the UK with high levels of deprivation; Bradford in West Yorkshire, and the London Borough of Tower Hamlets.

IMPlementing IMProved Asthma self-management as RouTine (IMPART) in primary care: study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled implementation trial.

Background: Asthma is a common long-term condition and major public health problem. Supported self-management for asthma that includes a written personalised asthma action plan, supported by regular professional review, reduces unscheduled consultations and improves asthma outcomes and quality of life. However, despite unequivocal inter/national guideline recommendations, supported self-management is poorly implemented in practice.

Correction: The Longitudinal Impact of Social Media Use on UK Adolescents' Mental Health: Longitudinal Observational Study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2196/43213.].

The Longitudinal Impact of Social Media Use on UK Adolescents' Mental Health: Longitudinal Observational Study.

Background: Cross-sectional studies have found a relationship between social media use and depression and anxiety in young people. However, few longitudinal studies using representative data and mediation analysis have been conducted to understand the causal pathways of this relationship.

Objective: This study aims to examine the longitudinal relationship between social media use and young people's mental health and the role of self-esteem and social connectedness as potential mediators.

Development of a patient-centred electronic review template to support self-management in primary care: a mixed-methods study.

Background: Electronic templates are frequently used in long-term condition (LTC) reviews (for example, asthma) to act as reminders and improve documentation; however, they can restrict patient-centred care and opportunities for patients to discuss concerns and self-management.

Aim: The IMPlementing IMProved Asthma self-management as RouTine (IMPART) programme aimed to develop a patient-centred asthma review template that encourages supported self-management.

Design & Setting: This was a mixed-methods study, which integrated qualitative and systematic review data, primary care Professional Advisory Group feedback, and qualitative data from clinician interviews.

Asynchronous digital health interventions for reviewing asthma: A mixed-methods systematic review protocol.

Introduction: People living with asthma require regular reviews to address their concerns and questions, assess control, review medication, and support self-management. However, practical barriers to attending face-to-face consultations might limit routine reviews. Reviewing asthma using asynchronous digital health interventions could be convenient for patients and an efficient way of maintaining communication between patients and healthcare professionals and improving health outcomes.

Assessing the impact of online postal self-sampling for sexually transmitted infections on health inequalities, access to care and clinical outcomes in the UK: protocol for ASSIST, a realist evaluation.

Introduction: The past decade has seen a rapid increase in the volume and proportion of testing for sexually transmitted infections that are accessed via online postal self-sampling services in the UK. ASSIST (Assessing the impact of online postal self-sampling for sexually transmitted infections on health inequalities, access to care and clinical outcomes in the UK) aims to assess the impact of these services on health inequalities, access to care, and clinical and economic outcomes, and to identify the factors that influence the implementation and sustainability of these services.

Methods And Analysis: ASSIST is a mixed-methods, realist evaluated, national study with an in-depth focus of three case study areas (Birmingham, London and Sheffield).

Workplace Interventions to Reduce Occupational Stress for Older Workers: A Systematic Review.

The working life of individuals is now longer because of increases to state pension age in the United Kingdom. Older workers may be at particular risk in the workplace, compared with younger workers. Successful workplace interventions to reduce occupational stress amongst older workers are essential, but little is known about their effectiveness.

Development of Public Health Core Outcome Sets for Systems-Wide Promotion of Early Life Health and Wellbeing.

We aimed to develop a core outcome set (COS) for systems-wide public health interventions seeking to promote early life health and wellbeing. Research was embedded within the existing systems-based intervention research programme 'ActEarly', located in two different areas with high rates of child poverty, Bradford (West Yorkshire) and the Borough of Tower Hamlets (London). 168 potential outcomes were derived from five local government outcome frameworks, a community-led survey and an ActEarly consortium workshop.

The effectiveness of using virtual patient educational tools to improve medical students' clinical reasoning skills: a systematic review.

Background: Use of virtual patient educational tools could fill the current gap in the teaching of clinical reasoning skills. However, there is a limited understanding of their effectiveness. The aim of this study was to synthesise the evidence to understand the effectiveness of virtual patient tools aimed at improving undergraduate medical students' clinical reasoning skills.

A Protocol for a Mixed-Methods Process Evaluation of a Local Population Health Management System to Reduce Inequities in COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake.

Population health management is an emerging technique to link and analyse patient data across several organisations in order to identify population needs and plan care. It is increasingly used in England and has become more important as health policy has sought to drive greater integration across health and care organisations. This protocol describes a mixed-methods process evaluation of an innovative population health management system in North Central London, England, serving a population of 1.

Household Tenure and Its Associations with Multiple Long-Term Conditions amongst Working-Age Adults in East London: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Using Linked Primary Care and Local Government Records.

Multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs) are influenced in extent and nature by social determinants of health. Few studies have explored associations between household tenure and different definitions of MLTCs. This study aimed to examine associations between household tenure and MLTCs amongst working-age adults (16 to 64 years old, inclusive).

Barriers and facilitators of use of analytics for strategic health and care decision-making: a qualitative study of senior health and care leaders' perspectives.

Objective: This study investigated the barriers and facilitators that senior leaders' experience when using knowledge generated from the analysis of administrative health or care records ('analytics') to inform strategic health and care decision-making.

Setting: One London-based sustainability and transformation partnership (STP) in England, as it was on the cusp of forming an integrated care system (ICS).

Participants: 20 senior leaders, including health and social care commissioners, public health leads and health providers.

Physician associate/assistant contributions to cancer diagnosis in primary care: a rapid systematic review.

Background: Symptom recognition and timely referral in primary care are crucial for the early diagnosis of cancer. Physician assistants or associates (PAs) have been introduced in 18 healthcare systems across the world, with numbers increasing in some cases to address primary care physician shortages. Little is known about their impact on suspected cancer recognition and referral.

Using Virtual Patients to Explore the Clinical Reasoning Skills of Medical Students: Mixed Methods Study.

Background: Improving clinical reasoning skills-the thought processes used by clinicians to formulate appropriate questions and diagnoses-is essential for reducing missed diagnostic opportunities. The electronic Clinical Reasoning Educational Simulation Tool (eCREST) was developed to improve the clinical reasoning of future physicians. A feasibility trial demonstrated acceptability and potential impacts; however, the processes by which students gathered data were unknown.

The use of experimental vignette studies to identify drivers of variations in the delivery of health care: a scoping review.

Background: Identifying how unwarranted variations in healthcare delivery arise is challenging. Experimental vignette studies can help, by isolating and manipulating potential drivers of differences in care. There is a lack of methodological and practical guidance on how to design and conduct these studies robustly.