Decoding the synergy: unveiling gradient boosting regression model for multivariate quantitation of pioglitazone, alogliptin and glimepiride in pure and tablet dosage forms.

This study represents a comparison among the performances of four multivariate procedures: partial least square (PLS) and artificial neural networks (ANN) in addition to support vector regression (SVR) and extreme gradient boosting (XG Boost) algorithm for the determination of the anti-diabetic mixture of pioglitazone (PIO), alogliptin (ALG) and glimepiride (GLM) in pharmaceutical formulations with aid of UV spectrometry. Key wavelengths were selected using knowledge-based variable selection and various preprocessing methods (e.g.

Applications of metal organic frameworks in dispersive micro solid phase extraction (D-μ-SPE).

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a fascinating family of crystalline porous materials made up of metal clusters and organic linkers. In comparison with other porous materials, MOFs have unique characteristics including high surface area, homogeneous open cavities, and permanent high porosity with variable shapes and sizes. For these reasons, MOFs have recently been explored as sorbents in sample preparation by solid-phase extraction (SPE).

Unveiling Pharmacokinetics and Drug Interaction of Linagliptin and Pioglitazone HCl in Rat Plasma Using LC-MS/MS.

The linagliptin (LIN) and pioglitazone HCl (PIO) combination, currently undergoing phase III clinical trials for diabetes mellitus treatment, demonstrated significant improvements in glycemic control. However, the absence of an analytical method for simultaneous determination in biological fluids highlights a crucial gap. This underscores the pressing need for sensitive bioanalytical methods, emphasizing the paramount importance of developing such tools to advance diabetes management strategies and enhance patient care.

Simple colorimetric paper-based test strip for point-of-use quality testing of ethanol-based hand sanitizers.

A novel, simple, affordable, and reliable colorimetric paper-based analytical device (PAD) was developed for the point-of-use quality testing of ethanol-based hand sanitizers, mainly against adulteration by water. The principle was based on the novel solvatochromism of methylparaben (MPB)-Fe complex, where water is essential for complex formation and ethanol is necessary for MPB solubility. The intensity of the formed violet color, measured at 528 nm, showed a good correlation ( = 0.

Green micellar liquid chromatographic method for simultaneous determination of antihistaminic drugs tripelennamine hydrochloride and diphenhydramine in pharmaceutical gel.

A new green micellar liquid chromatographic method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of diphenhydramine (DPH) and tripelennamine hydrochloride (TRP) using a micellar mobile phase consisting of 1 mM Tween 20 in phosphate buffer pH 4:isopropanol (85:15, %v/v). The method was linear in the range of 4-150 and 5-120 μg/mL for TRP and DPH, respectively. The method was successfully applied for the simultaneous determination of DPH and TRP in a laboratory-prepared gel containing all possible excipients with mean percent recoveries ± standard deviation of 100.

Homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction coupled with HPLC/DAD for determination of nirmatrelvir and ritonavir as COVID-19 combination therapy in human plasma.

The study reports the development of a high-performance liquid chromatography/diode array detection method to measure the levels of nirmatrelvir and ritonavir in human plasma. These two antiviral medications are used for the treatment of COVID-19 and are marketed as Paxlovid. The method employed sugaring-out induced homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction to improve sensitivity.

Rapid environmentally benign label free detection of heparin using highly fluorescent N,S-CDs sensing probe through a turn-on mechanism.

Heparin (HEP) is one of the oldest anticoagulant drugs that currently still in widespread clinical use. It lacks chromophore and not easily derivatized due to its hydrophilic nature. In this work we developed a green, selective, and sensitive fluorescence sensor for detection of HEP in its injection dosage forms.

UV spectrophotometric methods for simultaneous determination of ketorolac tromethamine and olopatadine hydrochloride: Application of multiple standard addition for assay of ophthalmic solution.

Ophthalmic preparations that contain ketorolac tromethamine (KET) and olopatadine HCl (OLO) are used to relieve seasonal allergies and allergic conjunctivitis. Simultaneous quantification of KET and OLO was held by validated and simple spectrophotometric methods. KET was determined directly from the fundamental UV absorption spectra (at 323 nm), while OLO was determined after performing either dual wavelength or ratio derivative methods.

Simultaneous estimation of two anti-diabetic drugs; Linagliptin and empagliflozin in their tablet by chemometric spectrophotometry.

Four spectrophotometric approaches had been established and optimized for the simultaneous estimation of two anti-diabetic drugs; linagliptin (LIN) and empagliflozin (EMP) in their bulk and tablet dosage form. LIN concentration could be first determined from the zero order spectra at its λ (293 nm) without interference from EMP as at this wavelength EMP showed zero absorbance. The LIN and EMP zero order absorption spectra displayed considerable overlap which hindered the direct determination of EMP.

Design of experiment-oriented development of solvent-free mixed micellar chromatographic method for concomitant determination of metronidazole and ciprofloxacin hydrochloride.

A green, fast and robust solvent-free chromatographic method has been developed for concomitant analysis of ciprofloxacin HCl and metronidazole in bulk powder as well as in dosage form using levofloxacin as internal standard (I.S.).

Formation of plasmonic silver nanoparticles by glucosamine reduction: Application to a colorimetric sensor for determination of glucosamine in its pharmaceutical preparations.

The purpose of this study is to develop a novel method for synthesizing silver nanoparticles using glucosamine as reducing agent and to utilize the developed method for colorimetric detection and quantitative determination of the non-chromophoric drug, glucosamine. Silver nanoparticles are prepared by reducing 0.02 mol/L silver nitrate by glucosamine in 0.

Novel experimental design paradigm for development of eco-friendly gradient chromatographic method for simultaneous determination of metronidazole and spiramycin.

This work describes the innovative experimental design-assisted development of a green gradient chromatographic method for concomitant analysis of metronidazole (MTR) and spiramycin (SPR). Two different designs including fractional factorial and Box-Behnken designs were implemented for screening and optimization steps, respectively. The optimum chromatographic conditions involved a mobile phase consisting of ethanol and 20 mM sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution (pH adjusted to 2.

Area under the curve and ratio difference spectrophotometric methods with evaluation of the greenness for simultaneous determination of olmesartan medoxomil and metoprolol succinate.

The aim of this study is to develop and validate two simple spectrophotometric methods for simultaneous determination of metoprolol succinate (MET) and olmesartan medoxomil (OLM) in tablet form. Method (I) was area under the curve (AUC) method. This approach involved the measuring of the area over a variety of wavelengths.

Dual fluorescence-colorimetric sensor based on silver nanoparticles for determination of tobramycin in its pharmaceutical preparations.

The purpose of this study is to develop a dual fluorescence-colorimetric sensor for determination of the non-chromophoric drug, tobramycin using fluorescein-modified silver nanoparticles. Fluorescein is adsorbed on the surface of silver nanoparticles resulting in quenching of the fluorescence intensity of fluorescein at 513 nm. Upon addition of tobramycin to fluorescein-bound silver nanoparticles, tobramycin can displace fluorescein from the surface of nanoparticles resulting in nanoparticles aggregation and liberation of free fluorescein restoring its fluorescence.

Probing the potential toxicity of trimetazidine by characterizing its interaction with human serum albumin.

The small molecular drugs pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics could be affected by human serum albumin (HSA) transport, so we studied the interaction between HSA and the widely used anti-ischemic agent, trimetazidine (TMZ), using different approaches. As shown by synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy, the interaction affects the microenvironment confirmation around tyrosine residues. The site-competitive experiments showed that TMZ had an affinity toward subdomain III A (site II) of HSA.

Quality by design paradigm for optimization of green stability indicating HPLC method for concomitant determination of fluorescein and benoxinate.

A green, robust and fast stability indicating chromatographic method has been developed for concomitant analysis of fluorescein sodium and benoxinate hydrochloride in the presence of their degradation products within four minutes. Two different designs including fractional factorial and Box-Behnken designs were implemented for screening and optimization steps, respectively. The optimum chromatographic analysis was achieved using a mixture of isopropanol and 20 mM potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution (pH 3.

Green microwave-prepared N and S Co-doped carbon dots as a new fluorescent nano-probe for tilmicosin detection.

A straightforward, rapid, and selective fluorescent probe for determination of tilmicosin has been developed based on novel nitrogen and sulfur co-doped CDs (NS-CD). The NS-CDs were synthesized, for the first time, through green, simple one step microwave pyrolysis in only 90 s using glucose as carbon source and l-cysteine as nitrogen and sulfur source. This proposed synthesis method was energy-efficient and resulted in NS-CDs with high production yield (54.

Green micellar stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatography method for determination of rupatadine fumarate in the presence of its main impurity desloratadine: Oxidative degradation kinetics study.

A green micellar stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed for rupatadine fumarate determination in existence with its main impurity desloratadine. Separation was attained using Hypersil ODS column (150 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm), the micellar mobile phase consisted of 0.

Recent Applications of Quantum Dots in Pharmaceutical Analysis.

Nanotechnology has emerged as one of the most potential areas for pharmaceutical analysis. The need for nanomaterials in pharmaceutical analysis is comprehended in terms of economic challenges, health and safety concerns. Quantum dots (QDs)or colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals are new groups of fluorescent nanoparticles that bind nanotechnology to drug analysis.

Deduction of the operable design space of RP-HPLC technique for the simultaneous estimation of metformin, pioglitazone, and glimepiride.

A reversed-phase RP-HPLC method was developed for the simultaneous determination of metformin hydrochloride (MET), pioglitazone (PIO), and glimepiride (GLM) in their combined dosage forms and spiked human plasma. Quality risk management principles for determining the critical method parameters (CMPs) and fractional factorial design were made to screen CMPs and subsequently, the Box-Behnken design was employed. The analytical Quality by Design (AQbD) paradigm was used to establish the method operable design region (MODR) for the developed method depended on understanding the quality target product profile (QTPP), analytical target profile (ATP), and risk assessment for different factors that affect the method performance to develop an accurate, precise, cost-effective, and environmentally benign method.

Coupling of synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy with derivative amplitude outcomes for simultaneous determination of metoprolol succinate and olmesartan medoxomil in combined pharmaceutical preparation: Application in spiked human plasma.

For the first time a spectrofluorimetric method had been achieved for the concurrent analysis of metoprolol succinate (MET) and olmesartan medoxomil (OLM). The approach depended on assessing the first order derivative (D) of the synchronous fluorescence intensity of the two drugs in aqueous solution at Δλ of 100 nm. The amplitudes of D at 300 nm and 347 nm were measured for MET and OLM, respectively.

Enhanced fluorimetric detection of diphenylpyraline HCl using micelle and cyclodextrin mediated approach: Spectrofluorimetric and micellar liquid chromatographic application for either single or combined formulation with caffeine and paracetamol.

Highly sensitive micellar spectrofluorimetric method (Method I) has been developed and validated for the determination of diphenylpyraline HCl in pharmaceutical tablets and in plasma. Sodium dodecyl sulfate improves the intensity of fluorescence of diphenylpyraline at 286 nm at pH 5 that allow its determination in plasma at nano-level. the mean percent recovery ± S.

Innovative spectrofluorimetric determination of vildagliptin based on a "switch off/on" NS-doped carbon dot nanosensor.

A simple, fast, and green one-step microwave pyrolysis approach was proposed for the synthesis of highly fluorescent nitrogen/sulfur-doped carbon dots (NS-CDs). The proposed NS-CDs were prepared in only one minute from citric acid and thiosemicarbazide. In the presence of Cu, the fluorescence of NS-CDs was significantly quenched ("turn off") through the formation of a non-fluorescent NS-CDs/Cu complex.

Using of eosin Y as a facile fluorescence probe in alogliptin estimation: Application to tablet dosage forms and content uniformity testing.

New simple sensitive and reliable spectrofluorimetric approach was established for the determination of the antidiabetic drug; Alogliptin (ALG) in its pure and tablet forms. The developed approach is depended on the suppressive action of ALG on the eosin Y native fluorescence. The quenching action of ALG on the eosin Y native fluorescence was measured at acidic medium pH: 3.