Molecular Biology of Cancer-Interplay of Malignant Cells with Emerging Therapies.

Cancer is currently one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and according to data from the World Health Organization reported in 2020, it ranks as the second leading cause of death globally, accounting for 10 million fatalities [...

Prostatic Adenocarcinoma in a Patient With a History of Cryptorchidism-Associated Hypogonadism: A Case Report.

Prostate cancer is a prevalent malignancy often associated with advancing age and high androgen levels. Hypogonadism is characterized by low testosterone levels, and as prostate growth is androgen-dependent, this links elevated testosterone to increased prostate cancer risk. This rare presentation of a middle-aged man with the development of prostate cancer, following a history of congenital cryptorchidism and subsequent hypogonadism, challenges the conventional understanding of the role of testosterone in the development of prostate cancer.

Harnessing the gut microbiome: a potential biomarker for wild animal welfare.

The welfare of wild animal populations is critically important to conservation, with profound implications for ecosystem health, biodiversity, and zoonotic disease transmission. Animal welfare is typically defined as the accumulated affective mental state of an animal over a particular time period. However, the assessment of animal welfare in the wild poses unique challenges, primarily due to the lack of universally applicable biomarkers.

Antibiotic use in surgical infections at a tertiary teaching hospital in Ghana.

Objective: The study aimed to assess antibiotic prescribing and use patterns at the Department of Surgery, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital.

Design: A cross-sectional study design was employed in this study.

Setting: The study was conducted at the Department of Surgery, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital.

Physiological carry-over effects of variable precipitation are mediated by reproductive status in a long-lived ungulate.

In the age of global climate change, extreme climatic events are expected to increase in frequency and severity. Animals will be forced to cope with these novel stressors in their environment. Glucocorticoids (i.

Behavioral practices towards antibiotic use among health care workers - Sierra Leone, 2021: a facility-based cross-sectional study.

Introduction: globally, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) kills around 1.27 million 700,000 people each year. In Sierra Leone, there is limited information on antibiotic use among healthcare workers (HCWs).

Use of Apremilast to Achieve Psoriatic Arthritis Treatment Goals and Satisfaction at 1 Year in the Canadian Real-World APPRAISE Study.

Introduction: The APPRAISE study was conducted to better understand the 12-month effectiveness, tolerability, and patient satisfaction with apremilast treatment for patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in real-world settings.

Methods: APPRAISE (NCT03608657), a prospective, multicenter, observational study, enrolled adults with active PsA prescribed apremilast per routine care between July 2018 and March 2020. Patients were followed for 12 months with visits suggested every 4 months.

A Study on the Self-Reported Physician-Diagnosed Cardiac Complications Post mRNA Vaccination in Saudi Arabia.

Introduction The advent of mRNA-based vaccines has been a pivotal milestone in the global response to the pandemic, prompting widespread vaccination campaigns, including in Saudi Arabia. This study investigates self-reported physician-diagnosed cardiac complications post mRNA vaccination in Saudi Arabia, recognizing the need to monitor these rare events. The research aimed to study the self-reported physician-diagnosed incidence, nature, and associated factors of cardiac complications in this distinctive demographic group of post-mRNA vaccinations.

A Cross-Sectional Study on the Awareness and Practice of the Use of Supplemental Vitamin C, Arginine, and Zinc in Managing Wounds Among Healthcare Workers in Saudi Arabia.

Introduction The intricate connection between nutrition and compromised wound healing exposes patients to heightened risks of pressure ulcers, infections, and delayed recovery from wounds or traumatic injuries. In-depth scientific investigations have shed light on the potential of specialized nutritional supplements, combined with regular wound care, to significantly boost the management of pressure ulcers and the wound healing process. The study focuses on supplemental Vitamin C, Arginine, and Zinc due to their established roles in wound healing, aiming to assess the awareness and practice of healthcare workers in Saudi Arabia regarding these essential nutrients for effective wound management.

A Study on the Awareness and Perceptions Regarding Monosodium Glutamate and its Potential Health Effects Amongst the Urban Population of Saudi Arabia.

Introduction Monosodium glutamate (MSG), a common global food additive in processed foods, influences flavors and textures due to its chemical complexity and nutritional intricacy. Despite an annual production of 1.9 million tons and historical safety concerns, the multifaceted impact on health, ranging from metabolic disorders to neurological and cardiovascular implications, necessitates ongoing research for informed consumption and balanced dietary practices.

Frontiers of Molecular Biology of Cancer.

Cancer is rooted in genetic background, with the expression of oncogenesis playing a pivotal role in the early stages of tumor formation [...

Renal Cell Cancer - Insights in Drug Resistance Mechanisms.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the prevalent form of kidney cancer in adults, with clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC) being the predominant subtype. While surgical resection remains the primary curative approach for localized RCC, a significant number of patients encounter disease relapse. The advent of targeted therapies, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors, and immune checkpoint inhibitors, has revolutionized the treatment of metastatic RCC.

The integration of palliative care with oncology: the path ahead.

The delivery of comprehensive cancer care within a progressively intricate healthcare environment requires oncology providers to become well-versed in the integration of palliative care (PC). Moreover, as healthcare professionals are urged to prioritize the individual preferences of patients and their families who confront life-limiting illnesses, it has become evident that oncology patients and their families have identified their psychosocial care needs as multifaceted and distinct, calling for specialized attention from care providers. Nevertheless, this is a skill that can be acquired through learning and practice.

The Occurrence of Depression Among Adults With Sickle Cell Disease in Saudi Arabia.

Introduction Sickle cell disease (SCD) is recognized as a widely prevalent genetic disorder that impacts individuals globally and is inherited within families. The primary cause of SCD is a singular genetic mutation that affects the globin chain of the hemoglobin protein. Depression and its symptoms are frequently observed in individuals with SCD.

Prognostic Factors in Patients with Metastatic Spinal Cord Compression Secondary to Lung Cancer-A Retrospective UK Single-Centre Study.

Purpose: Metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC) is a severe complication of cancer that can lead to irreversible neurological impairment, necessitating prompt recognition and intervention. This retrospective, single-centre study aimed to determine the prognostic factors and survival rates among patients presenting with MSCC secondary to lung cancer.

Methods And Materials: We identified 74 patients with epidural metastases-related spinal cord compression and a history of lung cancer through the electronic database of Medway Maritime Hospital in the United Kingdom (UK), spanning the period from April 2016 to September 2021.

Hallmarks of the Tumour Microenvironment of Gliomas and Its Interaction with Emerging Immunotherapy Modalities.

Gliomas are aggressive, primary central nervous system tumours arising from glial cells. Glioblastomas are the most malignant. They are known for their poor prognosis or median overall survival.

Aberrations of DNA Repair Pathways in Prostate Cancer-The State of the Art.

Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in males worldwide and the fifth most common cause of cancer-related death in men [...

Development of a Virtual Sensor for Real-Time Prediction of Granule Flow Properties.

We report progress of an ongoing work to develop a virtual sensor for flowability, which is a critical tool for enabling real time process monitoring in a granulation line. The sensor is based on camera imaging to measure the size and shape distribution of granules produced by wet granulation. Then, statistical methods were used to correlate them with flowability measurements such as ring shear tests, drained angle of repose, dynamic angle of repose, and tapped density.

A Hierarchical Approach to Monitoring Control Performance and Plant-Model Mismatch.

Controllers are often tuned during plant commissioning, with a fixed process model. However, over time degradation can occur in the process, the process model and the controller, making it necessary to either re-tune the controller or re-identify the process model. Authors have proposed a variety of approaches to identify plant-model mismatch (PMM) and control performance degradation (CPD).

A Comprehensive Framework for the Modular Development of Condition Monitoring Systems for a Continuous Dry Granulation Line.

The development of condition monitoring systems often follows a modular scheme where some systems are already embedded in certain equipment by their manufacturers, and some are distributed across various equipment and instruments. This work introduces a framework for guiding the modular development of monitoring systems and integrating them into a comprehensive model that can handle uncertainty of predictions from the constituent modules. Furthermore, this framework improves the robustness of the modular condition monitoring systems as it provides a methodology for maintaining quality assurance and preventing unnecessary shutdowns in the event of some modules going off-line due to condition-based maintenance interventions.

Application of MHE-based NMPC on a Rotary Tablet Press under Plant-Model Mismatch.

Active control strategies play a vital role in modern pharmaceutical manufacturing. Automation and digitalization are revolutionizing the pharmaceutical industry and are particularly important in the shift from batch operations to continuous operation. Active control strategies provide real-time corrective actions when departures from quality targets are detected or even predicted.