The prognosis of lipid reprogramming with the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, rosuvastatin, in castrated Egyptian prostate cancer patients: Randomized trial.

Aim: The role of surgical castration and rosuvastatin treatment on lipid profile and lipid metabolism related markers was evaluated for their prognostic significance in metastatic prostate cancer (mPC) patients.

Methods: A total of 84 newly diagnosed castrated mPC patients treated with castration were recruited and divided into two groups: Group I served as control (statin non-users) while group II treated with Rosuvastatin (20 mg/day) for 6 months and served as statin users. Prostate specific antigen (PSA), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Caveolin-1 (CAV1), lipid profile (LDL, HDL, triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC)) and lipid metabolism related markers (aldoketoreductase (AKR1C4), HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR), ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), and soluble low density lipoprotein receptor related protein 1 (SLDLRP1)) were measured at baseline, after 3 and 6 months.

Health literacy among Saudi population: a cross-sectional study.

Health literacy is a major problem worldwide and adversely affects an individual's health. The aim of the present study was to assess health literacy level among Saudi population. A cross-sectional study was conducted among a randomly selected population (n = 500) in Saudi Arabia.

A qualitative study to explore the perception and behavior of patients towards diabetes management with physical disability.

Background: This study aimed to determine self-monitoring practices, awareness to dietary modifications and barriers to medication adherence among physically disabled type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

Methods: Interview sessions were conducted at diabetes clinic-Penang general hospital. The invited participants represented three major ethnic groups of Malaysia (Malay, Chinese and Indians).

Physical Disability and Diabetes Mellitus; Qualitative Exploration of Patients' Perception and Behavior.

Background: Disability is a key indicator implicating both overall morbidity and success of public health efforts to compress the period of morbidity among geriatrics for the overall population. Disabilities are more prevalent among diabetics than among those without diabetes.

Objective: This study aimed to determine self-monitoring practices, awareness to dietary modifications and barriers to medication adherence among physically disabled type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

Mechanism and implication of cephalosporin penetration into oropharyngeal mucosa.

The aim of this study was to explore the mechanism(s) by which oral cephalosporins penetrate into human oropharyngeal mucosa, and thus, the availability of sufficient concentrations at the site of infection. Two oral cephalosporin prototypes, cephalexin (first generation) and cefixime (third generation), were administered to five healthy subjects at two different visits with a 1-week washout period. Plasma and saliva samples were collected and drug concentrations were measured using an appropriate HPLC method.

Cardioprotective effects of subcutaneous ebselen against daunorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy in rats.

Daunorubicin is an anthracycline antitumour agent that can cause severe cardiomyopathy leading to a frequently fatal congestive heart failure. Although the exact molecular mechanisms of cardiotoxicity are not well established, oxidative mechanisms involving daunorubicin-induced superoxide anion production have been proposed. In the present study, we showed that ebselen a seleno-organic compound exhibiting glutathione peroxidase-like and antioxidant activities, significantly ameliorated daunorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy.

Effects of mycophenolate mofetil on cisplatin-induced renal dysfunction in rats.

Purpose: Inflammation and oxidative stress are important events among the plethora of mechanisms involved in cisplatin (CDDP)-induced nephrotoxicity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), an immunosuppressive, in the protection against CDDP-induced renal dysfunction.

Methods: Rats were divided into four groups; untreated-control group, CDDP-treated group (7 mg/kg, single intraperitoneal dose), MMF-treated group (40 mg/kg/day orally for 5 successive days) and the fourth group was treated with both drugs and MMF treatment was started 1 day prior to CDDP administration.

Cardiotoxic effects of arsenic trioxide/imatinib mesilate combination in rats.

Cardiotoxicity is an important consideration in the evaluation of cancer chemotherapy, because chemotherapy-induced myocardial damage might be irreversible and lethal. This in-vivo study investigated the cardiotoxicity of either arsenic trioxide or imatinib mesilate, or a combination of both drugs, following repeated administration in male Wistar rats. Both arsenic trioxide and imatinib mesilate were administered daily at a dose of 5 mg kg(-1) intraperitoneally and 30 mg kg(-1) orally for 10 days, respectively.

Effects of STZ-induced diabetes and its treatment with vanadyl sulphate on cyclosporine A-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.

The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic state and the insulin-like acting, vanadyl sulphate (VS) on cyclosporine A (CyA) related nephrotoxicity in rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into six groups, of 12 animals each: The control, diabetic rats and diabetic rats whose drinking VS in the drinking water in a concentration of 1 mg/ml. Another three similarly treated groups were injected intra-peritoneally (ip) with CyA in a dose of 25 mg/kg/day for ten doses, 10 days after diabetic induction by using a single dose of STZ of 65 mg/kg.

Role of non-selective adenosine receptor blockade and phosphodiesterase inhibition in cisplatin-induced nephrogonadal toxicity in rats.

1. It is well documented that cisplatin (CDDP) treatment increases the expression of adenosine A(1) receptors in both kidney and testes. However, the effect of adenosine at these receptors is controversial.

Cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin/paclitaxel combination in rats: effect of sequence and timing of administration.

The higher incidence of cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin (DOX)/paclitaxel (PTX) combination compared with DOX alone remains to be a major obstacle against effective chemotherapeutic treatment. We investigated the effect of sequence and time interval between administration of both drugs on the severity of cardiotoxicity of the combination. Male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups.

Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase aggravates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity: effect of 2-amino-4-methylpyridine.

Background: Nitric oxide (NO) has been shown to play a role in maintaining normal renal function. However, the role of NO in cisplatin (CDDP)-induced nephrotoxicity is still unclear. The aim of the present work was to examine the effect of the NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor, 2-amino-4-methylpyridine, on the severity of CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity.

Protection effects of Taurine supplementation against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.

Background: Taurine, which is the major intracellular free beta-amino acid, is known to be an antioxidant and a membrane-stabilizing agent. This study was designed to investigate the protective role of taurine supplementation against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.

Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into six groups and treated as follows: (1) saline-treated control drinking tap water, (2) saline-treated plus taurine-supplemented (1.