Incidence and Risk Factors of Rachitic Genu Varus in Preschool Children in a Paediatric Health Institute in Egypt as One of the Developing Countries.

Background: Rachitic genu varus is one of the common conditions among the Egyptian children, despite the shinning sun of Egypt all the year.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to estimate the incidence of rachitic genu varus among the Egyptian children, and to assess the risk factors contributing to it.

Patients And Methods: This prospective study recruited a total of 250 consecutive children, being 130 males and 120 females, with rachitic bow legs or genu varus, between 2 - 4 years of age, together with 250 controls of the same age group, out of a total number of 1900 children with other types of rickets, and other children's orthopaedic diseases, who presented to the National Institute of Neuromotor System in Egypt between September 2014 to September 2015.

Minimally invasive single-session double-level rotational osteotomy of the forearm bones to correct fixed pronation deformity in congenital proximal radioulnar synostosis.

Background: Congenital proximal radioulnar synostosis is the most common congenital disease of the elbow joints and forearms.

Methods: This was a prospective study of 12 consecutive children (14 forearms) who presented to the National Institute of Neuromotor System in Egypt between September 2012 and September 2013 with severe congenital proximal radioulnar synostosis, having a mean pronation deformity of 70.7° (range 60°-85°), and who underwent operative correction by single-session double-level rotational osteotomy and percutaneous intramedullary K-wires of both the radius and ulna.

Curettage without bone grafting for a simple bone cyst in the capitate.

Purpose: To review the outcome after intralesional curettage without bone grafting for simple bone cysts in the capitate.

Methods: Records of 12 hands in 10 consecutive females aged 14 to 21 (mean, 17.5) years who underwent intralesional curettage without bone grafting for a simple bone cyst in the capitate were reviewed.

Simultaneous femoral and tibial lengthening in combined congenital complete fibular hemimelia and congenital short femur using Ilizarov ring external fixator.

Purpose: The combination of fibular hemimelia with congenital short femur worsens the limb length discrepancy which requires extensive femoral and tibial lengthening.

Patients And Methods: Eight patients having unilateral lower extremity shortening presented to the National Institute of Neuromotor System, Egypt, between September 2008 and September 2010 and underwent single session femoral and tibial lengthening using Ilizarov ring external fixator technique. Consolidation of the femoral and tibial required length gain was evident in the radiographic follow-up.

Single-event multilevel acute total correction of complex equinocavovarus deformity in skeletally mature patients with spastic cerebral palsy hemiparesis.

Complex multiplanar ankle/foot deformity as equinocavovarus is a common problem in patients with spastic cerebral palsy hemiparesis. The data from 30 consecutive patients (30 feet), treated between March 2009 and March 2010, with equinocavovarus and toe clawing secondary to spastic cerebral palsy hemiparesis, aged 16 to 18 years, were analyzed clinically and radiographically. All the patients had received conservative physiotherapy treatment and ankle/foot orthoses before undergoing combined soft tissue and bony surgical procedures performed in a single session to correct the complex toe clawing, cavus, varus, and equinus deformities.

Tarsal decancellation in the residual resistant arthrogrypotic clubfoot.

Introduction: Conservatism is well recognised after Ponseti's method in the treatment of congenital clubfoot; however, this is not applicable to the complex and resistant arthrogrypotic type which challenges the orthopaedic surgeon. In such a type, soft tissue releases as fasciotomies, tenotomies, and capsulotomies, as well as osteotomies are insufficient, and joint fusions are not suitable in early childhood before skeletal maturity.

Patients And Methods: Twelve children (15 feet) with residual resistant arthrogrypotic clubfeet between 2-4 years of age were analysed clinically and radiographically.

Double column osteotomy for correction of residual adduction deformity in idiopathic clubfoot.

Introduction: Adduction of the forefoot is the most common residual deformity in idiopathic clubfoot. The 'bean-shaped foot', which is a term used to describe a clinical deformity of forefoot adduction and midfoot supination, is not uncommonly seen in resistant clubfoot.

Subjects And Methods: Fifteen children (20 feet) with residual forefoot adduction in idiopathic clubfeet aged 3-7 years were analyzed clinically and radiographically.

Great toe metatarsophalangeal arthrodesis for hallux valgus deformity in ambulatory adolescents with spastic cerebral palsy.

Background: Hallux valgus deformity is a common sequel of spastic cerebral palsy.

Methods: Twenty ambulatory patients (24 feet) suffering hallux valgus deformity, with painful forefoot and restricted footwear, secondary to spastic cerebral palsy acquired perinatally, were treated with great toe metatarsophalangeal (MTP) arthrodesis using percutaneous K-wires for fixation. The mean age at the time of surgery was 16.

Short-term results of musculotendinous release for paralytic hip subluxation in children with spastic cerebral palsy.

Introduction: Children with paralytic hip subluxation secondary to spastic cerebral palsy were treated with a standard protocol that depended on early detection of the subluxation using clinical examination detecting limited range of hip abduction of or= 33% migration as indications.

Patients And Methods: Patients underwent open adductor longus, proximal gracilis and proximal rectus femoris myotomy, and iliopsoas lengthening with immediate postoperative immobilisation in abduction bar for 3 weeks followed by physiotherapy. The protocol was applied to 50 children with a mean age of 3.