Effect of diode laser (980 nm) on IL-8 expression in failed endodontic cases: Randomised control trial.

This clinical study assessed the effectiveness of diode laser-980 nm as adjuvant in retreatment of failed endodontic cases with chronic periapical lesions on basis of IL-8 expression and postoperative pain when compared to placebo. For 28 patients, the pre-instrumentation periapical samples (S1) were gathered, following retreatment. After chemo-mechanical preparation, post-instrumentation samples (S2) were collected.

Ion-catalyzed synthesis of N/O co-doped carbon nanorods with hierarchical pores for high-rate Na-ion storage.

Appropriate heteroatom doping and pore structure optimization are cost-effective technologies to improve the electronic conductivity and ion diffusion kinetics of hard carbons (HCs). Here, we report an ion-catalyzed synthesis of N/O co-doped carbon nanorods (NOCNRs) with abundant hierarchical pores, achieving high-capacity and high-rate Na-ion storage (336 mA h g at 0.1 A g and 196 mA h g at 20.

Regulating Oxygen Configuration in Hierarchically Porous Carbon Nanosheets for High-Rate and Durable Na Storage.

Surface oxygen functionalities (particularly C-O configuration) in carbon materials have negative influence on their electrical conductivity and Na storage performance. Herein, we propose a concept from surface chemistry to regulate the oxygen configuration in hierarchically porous carbon nanosheets (HPCNS). It is demonstrated that the C-O/C=O ratio in HPCNS reduces from 1.

Kinetic Analysis of Bio-oil Derived Hierarchically Porous Carbon for Superior Li/Na Storage.

Herein, an efficient biomass utilization is proposed to prepare bio-oil-derived carbon (BODPC) with hierarchical pores and certain H/O/N functionalities for superior Li/Na storage. Kinetic analyses reveal that BODPC has similar behavior in the electrochemical Li and Na storage processes, in terms of physical adsorption (Stage I), chemical redox reactions with surface functionalities (Stage II), and insertion into the graphitic interlayer (Stage III). Promisingly, BODPC exhibits a high reversible specific capacity (1881.

Operando mechanistic and dynamic studies of N/P co-doped hard carbon nanofibers for efficient sodium storage.

Raman and electrochemical results reveal that Na adsorbs on the surface/defective sites of N/P-HCNF and inserts randomly into its turbostratic nanodomains in the dilute state without a staged formation, which can facilitate fast Na diffusion kinetics for efficient sodium storage.

Oxygen vacancies boosted the electrochemical kinetics of NbO for superior lithium storage.

The introduction of oxygen vacancies (OVs) into NbO can not only provide more active sites for lithium storage but also change the electronic structure of NbO to boost electron/ion transport kinetics. Consequently, the defective NbO exhibits high lithium storage capacity, superior rate capability, and cycling stability.

Sonochemical assisted fabrication of 3D hierarchical porous carbon for high-performance symmetric supercapacitor.

A scalable fabrication of 3D hierarchical porous carbon structure (3D-HPC) has been achieved via a simple sonochemical route at different pyrolysis temperatures. It is worth noting that all the 3D-HPC samples possess oxygen-functional groups after activation by KOH and self-doped by nitrogen, which are beneficial to improving their surface wettability as well as increasing the electro-active surface area between the electrode and the surrounding electrolyte, consequently enhancing their electrochemical performance. Remarkably, the resulting carbon sample pyrolyzed at 850 °C (AC-850) possesses a maximum doping level of 2.

Microalgae harvest influences the energy recovery: A case study on chemical flocculation of Scenedesmus obliquus for biodiesel and crude bio-oil production.

In the present study, centrifugation was used as a standard harvest method, while chemical flocculation was comparatively used as a cost-effective harvest method for microalgae. Lipid recovery from the centrifuged cells was 17.4%, which significantly increased by flocculation to 20.

Spectroscopic analyses of iron doped protonated polyaniline/graphene oxide system.

Fe and H co-doped PANI/GO (graphene oxide) composites with different iron dopant ratio depending on the starting FeCl (GOPNI-1, GOPNI-2, GOPNI-3 and GOPNI-4) are prepared. The formations of composite samples are investigated by some characterization techniques such as XRD, ATR-IR, UV-Vis spectrophotometer and thermal properties by TGA. While, the Nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherm for (GOPNI-3) shows high specific surface area 48.

Magnetic Graphene Oxide as an Efficient Adsorbent for the Separation and Preconcentration of Cu(II), Pb(II), and Cd(II) from Environmental Samples.

The separation and preconcentration of copper(II), lead(II), and cadmium(II) ions on magnetic graphene oxide (MGO) by solid-phase extraction was carried out. Quantitative recovery was obtained by adsorption of analytes on MGO at pH 6 and elution of 3 M HNO3 in 10% acetone. To optimize the presented method, the effects of various parameters-including pH, eluent conditions, and vortex time-were examined.

Spectroscopic analyses of the photocatalytic behavior of nano titanium dioxide.

Nano titanium dioxide TiO2 was synthesized using hydrolysis method then subjected to several characterizations. XRD revealed that the as-prepared sample is pure anatase phase and after calcinations at 500°C for 3 h the crystallinity has increased. The crystallite size calculated by Debye-Scherrer's formula is 8 nm.