SARS-CoV-2's global spread has instigated a critical health and economic emergency, impacting countless individuals. Understanding the virus's phosphorylation sites is vital to unravel the molecular intricacies of the infection and subsequent changes in host cellular processes. Several computational methods have been proposed to identify phosphorylation sites, typically focusing on specific residue (S/T) or Y phosphorylation sites.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe tomato ( L.) is considered one of the most important vegetable crops globally, both agronomically and economically; however, its fruit development regulation network is still unclear. The transcription factors serve as master regulators, activating many genes and/or metabolic pathways throughout the entire plant life cycle.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConclusions: The results of this study provide an overview of the variations in microbiota diversity present in Saudi IBD patients compared to healthy controls.
Results: The key finding was three negative bacterial biomarkers, Paraprevotellaceae, the Muribaculaceae families of Bacteroidetes phylum, and the Leuconostocaceae family of Firmicutes phylum, which had a higher relative abundance in healthy individuals compared to IBD patients. It was also found that primary microbiota signatures at certain genera and species levels, including Prevotella copri, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Ruminococcus callidus, Coprococcus sp.
Alterations to the EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) gene, which primarily occur in the axon 18-21 position, have been linked to a variety of cancers, including ovarian, breast, colon, and lung cancer. The use of TK inhibitors (gefitinib, erlotinib, lapatinib, and afatinib) and monoclonal antibodies (cetuximab, panitumumab, and matuzumab) in the treatment of advanced-stage cancer is very common. These drugs are becoming less effective in EGFR targeted cancer treatment and developing resistance to cancer cell eradication, which sometimes necessitates stopping treatment due to the side effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe COVID-19 pandemic has strained healthcare systems. Sensitive, specific, and timely COVID-19 diagnosis is crucial for effective medical intervention and transmission control. RT-PCR is the most sensitive/specific, but requires costly equipment and trained personnel in centralized laboratories, which are inaccessible to resource-limited areas.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe largest microbial aggregation in the human body exists in the gastrointestinal tract. The microbiota in the host gastrointestinal tract comprises a diverse ecosystem, and the intestinal microbiota plays a vital role in maintaining gut homeostasis. This study aims to examine whether the gut microbiota influences unresponsiveness to anti-TNF-α treatments in primary nonresponder patients, and consequently identify the responsible microbes as biomarkers of unresponsiveness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOur knowledge of the composition of the vaginal environment in healthy women stands greatly improved. An imbalance in microbial communities is associated with a number of different diseases, disorders and other adverse health outcomes. Cultivation-independent studies have been published indicating that each woman has unique vaginal microbiota.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAtopic dermatitis mostly starts with children in early life. Besides the aetiological factors, like environmental, dietary or medical exposures, gut-skin axis microbiome studies have an impact to investigate and to understand the relation between the gut microbiome and changes to the skin microbiom as well as resulting skin diseases like atopic dermatitis. Infants start forming their microbiome in early life and some studies suggest that this phase has a crucial role in AD development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNonsyndromic orofacial clefts (NSOFCs) are the most common craniofacial malformations observed across the globe. They are classified into three types: (a) cleft palate, (b) cleft lip, and (c) cleft lip and palate. To identify the potential candidate genes contributing to polygenic diseases such as NSOFC, linkage analyses, genome-wide association studies, and genomic rearrangements can be used.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThere is a growing body of evidence reinforcing the unique connections between the host microbiome, health, and diseases. Due to the extreme importance of the symbiotic relationship between the intestinal microbiome and the host, it is not surprising that any alteration in the gut microbiota would result in various diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn's disease, (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). IBD is a chronic, relapsing-remitting condition that is associated with significant morbidity, mortality, compromised quality of life, and costly medical care.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe genetic variants associated with various genetic disorders have not been identified decisively in Saudi Arabia. Among these variants, six known for their association with coronary artery disease or myocardial infarction (MI) were studied on Saudi patients. Reference single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of these variants are rs5174, rs11591147, rs2259816, rs111245230, rs3782886 and rs2259820, referring to genes LRP8, PCSK9, HNF1A, SVEP1, BRAP and HNF1A, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Type 2 diabetes, or T2D, is a metabolic disease that results in insulin resistance. In the present study, we hypothesize that metabolomic analysis in blood samples of T2D patients sharing the same ethnic background can recover new metabolic biomarkers and pathways that elucidate early diagnosis and predict the incidence of T2D.
Methods: The study included 34 T2D patients and 33 healthy volunteers recruited between the years 2012 and 2013; the secondary metabolites were extracted from blood samples and analyzed using HPLC.
The study underpins barcode characterization of insect species collected from Saudi Arabia and explored functional constraints during evolution at the DNA and protein levels to expect the possible mechanisms of protein evolution in insects. Codon structure designated AT-biased insect barcode of the cytochrome C oxidase I (COI). In addition, the predicted 3D structure of COI protein indicated tyrosine in close proximity with the heme ligand, depicted substitution to phenylalanine in two Hymenopteran species.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCatharanthus roseus is a perennial herb known for the production of important terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIAs) in addition to a variety of phenolic compounds. The goal of the present work was to detect the prolonged effects of MeJA (6 uM) treatment across time (up to 24 days) in order to detect the stepwise response of MeJA-induced genes and pathways in leaves of C. rouses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMost scientific studies on Calotropis procera refer to the plant as an important source of pharmaceutical compounds and its valuable benefits in medicine. One of the most important substances in this plant is the potential immunostimulant β-sitosterol (BS) that acts in improving human health. This study focused on the effects of lighting before and after irrigation on the BS accumulation pathway namely steroid biosynthesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTranscriptomic analysis was conducted in leaves of Arabidopsis T-DNA insertion ERF109-knocked out (KO) mutant or plants overexpressing (OE) the gene to detect its role in driving expression of programmed cell death- (PCD-) or growth-related genes under high salt (200 mM NaCl) stress. The analysis yielded ~22-24 million reads, of which 90% mapped to the Arabidopsis reference nuclear genome. Hierarchical cluster analysis of gene expression and principal component analysis (PCA) successfully separated transcriptomes of the two stress time points.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Calotropis procera is a wild plant species in the family Apocynaceae that is able to grow in harsh, arid and heat stressed conditions. Understanding how this highly adapted plant persists in harsh environments should inform future efforts to improve the hardiness of crop and forage plant species. To study the plant response to droμght and osmotic stress, we treated plants with polyethylene glycol and NaCl and carried out transcriptomic and metabolomics measurements across a time-course of five days.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMediterr J Hematol Infect Dis
October 2017
Background: Transfusion-transmitted malaria is undoubtedly a potential health hazard for blood recipients. Egypt is still on the prevention of reintroduction phase of malaria control program. Fayoum Governorate is considered one of the high-risk foci in Egypt due to its geology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFamilial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a metabolic disorder that leads primarily to premature cardiovascular diseases, the main cause of mortality in Saudi Arabia (SA). FH is underreported and underdiagnosed in SA with statistical evidence of high expected prevalence in such a consanguineous community. Lacking knowledge of which and how these alterations are actually impacting lipid metabolism is one of the main reasons why FH is insufficiently diagnosed in the region.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRhazya stricta is an evergreen shrub that is widely distributed across Western and South Asia, and like many other members of the Apocynaceae produces monoterpene indole alkaloids that have anti-cancer properties. This species is adapted to very harsh desert conditions making it an excellent system for studying tolerance to high temperatures and salinity. RNA-Seq analysis was performed on R.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: Uterine leiomyomas (UL) are smooth muscular nodes, whose growth is dependant up on the complex interplay of hormones with genes and uterine physiology. Global statistics indicate the role of ethnic and racial background as contributory factors for UL development. Owing to the lack of data, this study aimed to examine the association between genetic polymorphisms and susceptibility of Arab women of developing UL.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRNA-Seq of the Catharanthus roseus SRA database was done in order to detect putative universal stress proteins (USPs) and their possible controlling factors. Previous analysis indicated the existence and characterization of uspA-like genes. In silico analysis of RNA-Seq database in several plant tissues revealed the possible functions and regulations of some uspA-like transcripts whose transcription factors (TFs) that might drive their expression were detected.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Climate change is predicted to be a serious threat to agriculture due to the need for crops to be able to tolerate increased heat stress. Desert plants have already adapted to high levels of heat stress so they make excellent systems for identifying genes involved in thermotolerance. Rhazya stricta is an evergreen shrub that is native to extremely hot regions across Western and South Asia, making it an excellent system for examining plant responses to heat stress.
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