Sterility of antibiotic-admixed peritoneal dialysis solution over time.

Background: Intraperitoneal antibiotics may be required daily for up to three weeks to treat peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related peritonitis. In some jurisdictions, antibiotic-admixed PD solutions are required to be used within 24 h due to concerns regarding microbial contamination and growth. This requires patients to attend the PD unit daily or alternatively for staff to perform home delivery with associated transport, staffing and cost implications.

Gender differences in the distal femur dimensions and variation patterns in relation to TKA component sizing.

Matching femoral components with distal femurs in female patients can be difficult. The purpose of this study was to determine the validity of the following hypotheses: (1) Anteroposterior (AP) dimensions do not increase proportionately to medial-lateral (ML) dimensions in men and women. (2) The AP/ML ratio is different in men and women.

The effect of pramipexole on mood and motivational symptoms in Parkinson's disease: a meta-analysis of placebo-controlled studies.

Background: Mood and motivational symptoms have been reported in up to 35% and 51%, respectively, of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Preliminary evidence indicates that pramipexole may have a positive effect on these symptoms.

Objective: This analysis was conducted to evaluate the effects of pramipexole on mood and motivational symptoms in patients with PD.

Robotic partial nephrectomy: a multi-institutional analysis.

Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for kidney tumors has demonstrated durable oncologic and functional outcomes. The feasibility of robotic partial nephrectomy (RPN) has been demonstrated in several small, single-institution studies. We performed a large, multi-institutional analysis to determine early oncologic results and perioperative outcomes after RPN.

Suppressed electron hopping in a Au nanoparticle/H2S system: development towards a H2S nanosensor.

We herein report and discuss electron transport within a Au/H2S nanoscale device and thereby highlight a phenomenon that may be used in the development of a novel on-chip H2S sensor.

The changing pattern of anesthesia, 1954-2004: a review based on the content of the Canadian Journal of Anesthesia in its first half-century.

Purpose: In order to review changes and progress in anesthesiology in the second half of the 20th century, and to recognize the first half-century of the Journal's existence.

Source: The content of the Journal from its inauguration in 1954 through 2004 was reviewed.

Results: Although the data base is that of the Canadian Journal, many of the contributions were from other countries, and for this reason the findings will have relevance both in Canada and elsewhere.

First in fear and dread: Cancer control in Saskatchewan, the first decade - 1929-1939.

In 1931 Saskatchewan became the first jurisdiction in Canada to introduce a province-wide program for the control of cancer. The program was conceived in 1929 by the cancer committee of the Saskatchewan Medical Association. The provincial government promptly took up the committee's recommendations for centralization of cancer care in two clinics and emphasis on radiotherapy as a mode of treatment.

The casebook, the daybook, and the diary as sources in medical historiography.

Casebooks, daybooks and diaries were among a number of literary forms commonly used by physicians in the nineteenth century to record the details of their medical cases. Because they constitute primary sources on medical practice in that era they have value to the medical historian. To illustrate this, the writings of three Canadian physicians' -John Mackieson, Jonathan Woolverton, and James Langstaff- are discussed, together with a consideration of some of the principles relating to the study of their manuscripts, particularly in relation to the study of the history of practice in rural areas.

Synthesis of high purity single-walled carbon nanotubes in high yield.

A simple method for the synthesis of high purity single wall carbon nanotubes has been developed by using nickel formate as a precursor for the formation of nearly mono-dispersed nickel seed-nanoparticles as catalysts in the CVD growth process.

Carbon nanohorns grown from ruthenium nanoparticles.

A nanoscale ruthenium/gold bimetallic cluster of clusters has been used as a molecular precursor to produce pure ruthenium nanoparticles (seeds) as catalysts for the growth of carbon nanohorns (CNHs).

Bimetallic nanoparticles aligned at the tips of carbon nanotubes.

Cluster-derived bimetallic nanoparticles have been deposited onto multi-wall carbon nanotubes and shown to be generally homogeneously dispersed, of uniform small sizes, of the same composition as the starting mixed-metal clusters, and to have a tendency to align at the tips of the tubules.

An early 19th-century Canadian surgical practice: the casebook of John Mackieson of Charlottetown, 1795-1885.

A casebook written by Dr. John Mackieson (1795-1885), of Charlottetown, contains the records of 49 surgical cases he managed between 1826 and 1857. In view of the rarity of first-hand accounts of surgical practice in Canada in the mid-19th century, Mackieson's case records are a significant source of information.

The obstetric trials and tribulations of Dr. John Mackieson, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, 1827-1857.

For 30 years, from 1827 to 1857, Dr. John Mackieson, a medical practitioner in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada, kept a detailed account of complicated obstetric cases. An analysis of this casebook provides a unique profile of obstetric complications and their management in eastern Canada 150 years ago.

Cerebral bioenergetics in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Cerebral intracellular energy production (cerebral bioenergetics) via oxidative phosphorylation and the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is critical to cerebral function. To test the hypothesis that patients with chronic stable hypoxia also generate neuronal ATP via an anaerobic metabolism, we studied the changes in cerebral (31)P magnetic resonance spectra ((31)P MRS) in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and compared the results with MR spectra from similar areas of the brain in control subjects. Ten patients with stable COPD (age: 65 +/- 9 yr [mean +/- SD]; Pa(O(2)): 8.

Site-Directed Surface Derivatization of MCM-41: Use of High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy and Molecular Recognition for Determining the Position of Functionality within Mesoporous Materials.

The "staining" cluster-crown compound [Ru C(CO) (η -C H C H O )] verifies that the internal walls of mesoporous silica MCM-41 may be selectively functionalized with propylammonium groups (see picture). By the use of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy the presence and position of the cluster and also of the functional groups may be directly determined.

A light on medical practice in 19th-century Canada: the medical manuscripts of Dr. John Mackieson of Charlottetown.

During his long career as a physician in Charlottetown, Dr. John Mackieson (1795-1885) compiled 4 medical manuscripts: 2 sets of case records, a synopsis of the medical conditions that were common in his day and a formulary. As primary sources, these documents provide information about medicine in 19th-century Canada and augment our knowledge of the problems of medical practice in that era.

Ordering of ruthenium cluster carbonyls in mesoporous silica.

The anionic ruthenium cluster carbonylates [Ru6C(CO)16]2- or [H2Ru10(CO)25]2- interspersed with bis(triphenylphosphino)iminium counterions (PPN+) are incorporated from solution into the pores of MCM-41 mesoporous silica (3 nanometers in diameter), where they form tightly packed arrays. These arrays were shown by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform optical diffraction, and computer simulations to be well ordered both along and perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical pores. In their denuded state produced by gentle thermolysis, the cluster carbonylates yield nanoparticles of ruthenium that are less well ordered than their assimilated precursors but show good activity as hydrogenation catalysts for hexene and cyclooctene.

Cytomegalovirus involving gastrointestinal tract in renal transplant recipients.

Infection due to cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a substantial cause of mortality and morbidity among renal transplant recipients but the prognosis of the disease has changed dramatically since the introduction of ganciclovir (GAN). During a period of 5 years we treated 54 patients who developed CMV disease. From this group of patients we identified 7 patients with primary gastrointestinal tract (GIT) CMV disease who received treatment with GAN.