Arginine Regulates the Mucoid Phenotype of Hypervirulent .

Hypervirulent is associated with severe community-acquired infections. Hypervirulent colonies typically exhibit a mucoid phenotype. mucoidy is influenced by a complex combination of environmental factors and genetic mechanisms.

Fourth-year Student Pharmacists' Perceptions of a Required Student-run Free Clinic Experience.

Objective: The University of Michigan Student-Run Free Clinic (UMSRFC) provides quality preventive, acute, and chronic care free of charge to uninsured and underinsured community members. We sought to assess fourth-year student pharmacists' (P4) attitudes toward providing care as part of a required experience at the UMSRFC during their Ambulatory Care Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience.

Methods: All P4s in the 2023-2024 academic year completed an 8-hour experience at the UMSRFC.

Sensory Ecology, Bioeconomy, and the Age of COVID: A Parallax View of Indigenous and Scientific Knowledge.

Drawing on original ethnobotanical and anthropological research among Indigenous peoples across the Amazon, we examine synergies and dissonances between Indigenous and Western scientific knowledge about the environment, resource use, and sustainability. By focusing on the sensory dimension of Indigenous engagements with the environment-an approach we have described as "sensory ecology" and explored through the method of "phytoethnography"-we promote a symmetrical dialogue between Indigenous and scientific understandings around such phenomena as animal-plant mutualisms, phytochemical toxicity, sustainable forest management in "multinatural" landscapes, and the emergence of new diseases like the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). Drawing examples from our own and other published works, we explore the possibilities and limitations of a "parallax view" attempting to hold Indigenous and scientific knowledge in focus simultaneously.

VPS45 is required for both diffuse and tip growth of cells.

Introduction: VPS45 belongs to the Sec1/Munc18 family of proteins, which interact with and regulate Qa-SNARE function during membrane fusion. We have shown previously that VPS45 interacts with the SYP61/SYP41/VTI12 SNARE complex, which locates on the -Golgi network (TGN). It is required for SYP41 stability, and it functions in cargo trafficking to the vacuole and in cell expansion.

Global importance of Indigenous Peoples, their lands, and knowledge systems for saving the world's primates from extinction.

Primates, represented by 521 species, are distributed across 91 countries primarily in the Neotropic, Afrotropic, and Indo-Malayan realms. Primates inhabit a wide range of habitats and play critical roles in sustaining healthy ecosystems that benefit human and nonhuman communities. Approximately 68% of primate species are threatened with extinction because of global pressures to convert their habitats for agricultural production and the extraction of natural resources.

Sympathetic science: analogism in Brazilian ethnobiological repertoires among quilombolas of the Atlantic forest and Amazonian ribeirinhos.

Background: Drawing on Phillipe Descola's comparative analysis of ontological regimes across cultures, this article identifies analogism guiding ethnobiological repertories among two distinctive traditional tropical forest communities in Brazil.

Methods: We carried out participant observation, semi-structured interviews and informal dialog with 48 individuals, among quilombolas of the Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil and ribeirinhos of the Amazon.

Results: We documented 60 traditional practices governed by analogical principles, comprising hunting, ethnomedical practices, food taboos, and other interactions with non-human entities.

The life history of human foraging: Cross-cultural and individual variation.

Human adaptation depends on the integration of slow life history, complex production skills, and extensive sociality. Refining and testing models of the evolution of human life history and cultural learning benefit from increasingly accurate measurement of knowledge, skills, and rates of production with age. We pursue this goal by inferring hunters' increases and declines of skill from approximately 23,000 hunting records generated by more than 1800 individuals at 40 locations.

Deterministic coupling of site-controlled quantum emitters in monolayer WSe to plasmonic nanocavities.

Solid-state single-quantum emitters are crucial resources for on-chip photonic quantum technologies and require efficient cavity-emitter coupling to realize quantum networks beyond the single-node level. Monolayer WSe, a transition metal dichalcogenide semiconductor, can host randomly located quantum emitters, while nanobubbles as well as lithographically defined arrays of pillars in contact with the transition metal dichalcogenide act as spatially controlled stressors. The induced strain can then create excitons at defined locations.

Differential resilience of Amazonian otters along the Rio Negro in the aftermath of the 20th century international fur trade.

Commercial hunting for the international trade in animal hides in the 20th century decimated many populations of aquatic wildlife in Amazonia. However, impacts varied significantly between different species and regions, depending upon hunting intensity, accessibility of habitat, and the inherent resilience of various species and their habitats. We investigated the differential responses of two Amazonian Mustelid species, the neotropical otter and giant otter, to commercial hunting pressure along the upper Rio Negro in Brazil, and examined historical factors that influenced spatial and temporal variation in commercial exploitation.

Trion-Species-Resolved Quantum Beats in MoSe.

Monolayer photonic materials offer a tremendous potential for on-chip optoelectronic devices. Their realization requires knowledge of optical coherence properties of excitons and trions that have so far been limited to nonlinear optical experiments carried out with strongly inhomogeneously broadened material. Here we employ h-BN-encapsulated and electrically gated MoSe to reveal coherence properties of trion species directly in the linear optical response.

A Phase II Study with Lead-In Safety Cohort of 5-Fluorouracil, Oxaliplatin, and Lapatinib in Combination with Radiation Therapy as Neoadjuvant Treatment for Patients with Localized HER2-Positive Esophagogastric Adenocarcinomas.

Lessons Learned: Neoadjuvant 5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, and lapatinib in combination with radiation therapy is safe for neoadjuvant treatment for patients with localized human epidermal growth receptor 2-positive esophagogastric adenocarcinoma.Evaluation of this drug combination in a larger patient pool would allow for more accurate analysis of its efficacy.

Background: The optimal design of neoadjuvant chemoradiation for the treatment of localized esophagogastric cancers is the subject of much debate.

Nonmagnetic Quantum Emitters in Boron Nitride with Ultranarrow and Sideband-Free Emission Spectra.

Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is an emerging material in nanophotonics and an attractive host for color centers for quantum photonic devices. Here, we show that optical emission from individual quantum emitters in hBN is spatially correlated with structural defects and can display ultranarrow zero-phonon line width down to 45 μeV if spectral diffusion is effectively eliminated by proper surface passivation. We demonstrate that undesired emission into phonon sidebands is largely absent for this type of emitter.

Empty forest or empty rivers? A century of commercial hunting in Amazonia.

The Amazon basin is the largest and most species-rich tropical forest and river system in the world, playing a pivotal role in global climate regulation and harboring hundreds of traditional and indigenous cultures. It is a matter of intense debate whether the ecosystem is threatened by hunting practices, whereby an "empty forest" loses critical ecological functions. Strikingly, no previous study has examined Amazonian ecosystem resilience through the perspective of the massive 20th century international trade in furs and skins.

A phase II trial of bevacizumab and everolimus as treatment for patients with refractory, progressive intracranial meningioma.

Meningiomas that progress after standard therapies are challenging with limited effective chemotherapy options. This phase II trial evaluated the efficacy of everolimus plus bevacizumab in patients with recurrent, progressive meningioma after treatment with surgical resection and local radiotherapy when appropriate. Patients with recurrent meningioma (WHO grade I, II, or III) following standard treatments with surgical resection and radiotherapy received bevacizumab (10 mg/kg IV days 1 and 15) and everolimus (10 mg PO daily) each 28 day cycle.

Medicinal plants at Rio Jauaperi, Brazilian Amazon: Ethnobotanical survey and environmental conservation.

Study Background: The Amazon basin is a mosaic of different environments. Flooded riparian and upland forests play a significant role for the establishment of human settlements. Riparian communities in the Amazon have evolved depending on the use of plants applied for therapeutic purposes, thus developing important knowledge about their management and preparation.

Reduced Blood Loss and Transfusion Rates: Additional Benefits of Local Infiltration Anaesthesia in Knee Arthroplasty Patients.

We hypothesised that local infiltration of anaesthesia (LIA) containing adrenaline may reduce peri-operative blood loss and transfusion requirements in primary total knee arthroplasty patients (TKA) when compared to simple patient control analgesia (PCA). In this retrospective cohort study there were 22 TKAs in the PCA group and 27 TKAs in the LIA group. There were no drains used or significant differences in demographics between groups.

Strong Acoustic Phonon Localization in Copolymer-Wrapped Carbon Nanotubes.

Understanding and controlling exciton-phonon interactions in carbon nanotubes has important implications for producing efficient nanophotonic devices. Here we show that laser vaporization-grown carbon nanotubes display ultranarrow luminescence line widths (120 μeV) and well-resolved acoustic phonon sidebands at low temperatures when dispersed with a polyfluorene copolymer. Remarkably, we do not observe a correlation of the zero-phonon line width with (13)C atomic concentration, as would be expected for pure dephasing of excitons with acoustic phonons.

The floating forest: traditional knowledge and use of matupá vegetation islands by riverine peoples of the central Amazon.

Matupás are floating vegetation islands found in floodplain lakes of the central Brazilian Amazon. They form initially from the agglomeration of aquatic vegetation, and through time can accumulate a substrate of organic matter sufficient to grow forest patches of several hectares in area and up to 12 m in height. There is little published information on matupás despite their singular characteristics and importance to local fauna and people.

Phase II study of concurrent radiation therapy, temozolomide, and bevacizumab followed by bevacizumab/everolimus as first-line treatment for patients with glioblastoma.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of adding bevacizumab, a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor, and everolimus, a mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR inhibitor), to standard radiation therapy/temozolomide in the first-line treatment of patients with glioblastoma.

Patients And Methods: Following surgical resection or biopsy, patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma received standard radiation therapy/temozolomide plus bevacizumab 10 mg/kg intravenously (IV) every 2 weeks. Four weeks after the completion of radiation therapy, patients began oral everolimus 10 mg daily, and continued bevacizumab every 2 weeks; therapy continued until tumor progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Computer assisted versus conventional total knee replacement: a comparison of tourniquet time, blood loss and length of stay.

Unlabelled: AIMS AND INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to assess whether navigated total knee arthroplasty (TKA) reduces peri-operative blood loss and post-operative length of stay when compared to conventional total knee arthroplasty techniques.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective case-note review of 143 patients undergoing primary elective total knee arthroplasty was carried out. Two surgeons in this institution perform conventional knee arthroplasty using intramedullary alignment with another two surgeons using the computer assisted technique.

Spatial tools for modeling the sustainability of subsistence hunting in tropical forests.

Subsistence hunting provides a crucial food source for rural populations in tropical forests, but it is often practiced unsustainably. We use the empirical observation that subsistence hunters are central-place foragers to develop three "bio-demographic" hunting models of increasing complexity and realism for assessing the sustainability of hunting of an indicator species. In all our models, we calculate the spatial pattern of depletion of an indicator species (here, a large-bodied primate) across a landscape.

BsaXI/RFLP analysis of initial or selectively reamplified PCR product is unreliable in detecting the V617F mutation in JAK2.

Introduction: Laboratory testing for the presence of the V617F mutation in JAK2 has taken on great importance in the diagnosis of myeloproliferative disorders. The availability of a facile detection method would bring this testing into greater clinical use. The polymerase chain reaction coupled with restriction fragment length polymorphisms is such a facile method.

Symptomatic, steroid-induced, multifocal diaphyseal osteonecrosis in a patient with multiple sclerosis.

There is a well-established link between the development of osteonecrosis and steroid administration. Diaphyseal osteonecrosis is rare and, when present, frequently asymptomatic and detected radiologically. We present a case of symptomatic, multifocal, diaphyseal osteonecrosis in a woman receiving pulsed corticosteroids for symptom control of multiple sclerosis (MS).