The Role of Arthroscopic Partial Meniscectomy in the Management of Degenerative Meniscus Tears: A Review of the Recent Literature.

Background: The use of arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for middle aged to older adults with knee pain is one of the most common surgical procedures with approximately 150,000 knee arthroscopies being carried out in the United Kingdom each year, and about five times that number in the United States. Despite this, the procedure remains controversial. The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of the role of arthroscopic meniscectomy in patients with degenerative meniscus tears and suggest recommendations for clinical practice.

Impact of occlusal support and perceived chewing ability on oral health-related quality of life among patients attending a private dental institution in India.

Purpose: Presence of functional tooth units is essential for preserving masticatory function among individuals. Representing the essence of health promotion practice, demand to measure varied evaluation outcomes is highlighted.

Aim And Objectives: (1) To assess the influence of occlusal support and perceived chewing ability on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among adults attending a private dental institution in Mangalore.

Evaluation of conventional, protaper hand and protaper rotary instrumentation system for apical extrusion of debris, irrigants and bacteria- An randomized trial.

Background: Endodontic instrumentation carries the risk of over extrusion of debris and bacteria. The technique used and the type of instrumentation influences this risk.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the K-file, ProTaper hand and ProTaper rotary instrumentation systems for the amount of apically extruded debris, irrigant solution and intracanal bacteria.

Novel flavonol analogues as potential inhibitors of JMJD3 histone demethylase-A study based on molecular modelling.

Epigenetic modulation of gene expression has drawn enormous attention among researchers globally in the present scenario. Since their discovery, Jmj-C histone demethylases were identified as useful markers in understanding the role of epigenetics in inflammatory conditions and in cancer as well. This has created arousal of interest in search of suitable candidates.

Anti-microbial Efficacy of Soursop Leaf Extract () on Oral Pathogens: An In-vitro Study.

Introduction: also called as Soursop is a, flowering evergreen tree native to Mexico, Cuba, Central America and parts of India. The miracle tree as it is widely known as a natural cancer killer that is 10,000 times stronger than chemotherapy. Based on these miraculous claims, the leaves of these plants were used as an extract at varying concentrations as an antibacterial agent against oral pathogens.

Evaluation of pit-and-fissure sealants placed with four different bonding protocols: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Application of adhesive after acid etching may increase the retention of pit-and-fissure sealants and improve clinical effectiveness.

Aims: To clinically evaluate the retention, marginal discoloration and caries incidence of pit-and-fissure sealants applied using four bonding protocols: conventional acid etching, etch-and-rinse adhesive, multimode universal adhesive and self-etch adhesive used after acid etching.

Design: In this split-mouth design study, the four adhesive protocols were randomly assigned to the four erupted, non-carious first permanent molars and involved 52 patients between 6 and 10 years of age.

Curative Surgical Resection of Adrenocortical Carcinoma: Determining Long-term Outcome Based on Conditional Disease-free Probability.

Objective: To evaluate conditional disease-free survival (CDFS) for patients who underwent curative intent surgery for adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC).

Background: ACC is a rare but aggressive tumor. Survival estimates are usually reported as survival from the time of surgery.

Focal Dermal Hypoplasia with a Mutation p.E300* of Gene in a Male Infant.

Focal dermal hypoplasia is a rare disorder inherited in an X-linked dominant pattern and is usually antenatally lethal in males. We report a surviving male with postzygotic mutation p.E300* in exon 10 of gene with mosaicism, earlier reported in a female of Thai origin.

A Novel Pathology-Based Preoperative Risk Score to Predict Locoregional Residual and Distant Disease and Survival for Incidental Gallbladder Cancer: A 10-Institution Study from the U.S. Extrahepatic Biliary Malignancy Consortium.

Background: This study was designed to develop a more robust predictive model, beyond T-stage alone, for incidental gallbladder cancer (IGBC) for discovering locoregional residual (LRD) and distant disease (DD) at reoperation, and estimating overall survival (OS). T-stage alone is currently used to guide treatment for incidental gallbladder cancer. Residual disease at re-resection is the most important factor in predicting outcomes.

Changing Odds of Survival Over Time among Patients Undergoing Surgical Resection of Gallbladder Carcinoma.

Background: While survival after malignancies is traditionally reported as actuarial survival, conditional survival (CS) may be more clinically relevant by accounting for "accrued" survival time as time progresses. We sought to compare actuarial and CS among patients with gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) .

Methods: A total of 312 patients who underwent curative intent surgery for GBC between 2000 and 2014 were identified using a multi-institutional database.

Evaluation of Two Thiazolidin-4-one Derivatives in High Sucrose Diet Fed Pre-diabetic Mice and Their Modulatory Effect on AMPK, Akt and p38 MAP Kinase in L6 Cells.

We had previously demonstrated the anti-diabetic potential and pancreatic protection of two thiazolidin-4-one derivatives containing nicotinamide moiety (NAT-1 and NAT-2) in STZ-induced diabetic mice. However, due to the limitations of the STZ model, we decided to undertake a detailed evaluation of anti-diabetic potential of the molecules on a high sucrose diet (HSD) fed diabetic mouse model. Further, mechanistic studies on the phosphorylation of AMPK, Akt and p38 MAP kinase in L6 myotubes and anti-inflammatory studies in RAW264.

Association of Optimal Time Interval to Re-resection for Incidental Gallbladder Cancer With Overall Survival: A Multi-Institution Analysis From the US Extrahepatic Biliary Malignancy Consortium.

Importance: The current recommendation is to perform re-resection for select patients with incidentally discovered gallbladder cancer. The optimal time interval for re-resection for both patient selection and long-term survival is not known.

Objective: To assess the association of time interval from the initial cholecystectomy to reoperation with overall survival.

Minimally Invasive Resection of Adrenocortical Carcinoma: a Multi-Institutional Study of 201 Patients.

Background And Objectives: Minimally invasive surgery for adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is controversial. We sought to evaluate the perioperative and long-term outcomes following minimally invasive (MIS) and open resection (OA) of ACC in patients treated with curative intent surgery.

Methods: Retrospective data from patients who underwent adrenalectomy for primary ACC at 13 tertiary care cancer centers were analyzed, including demographics, clinicopathological, and operative outcomes.

Sambar, an Indian Dish Prevents the Development of Dimethyl Hydrazine-Induced Colon Cancer: A Preclinical Study.

Background: Colon cancer (CC) is the third commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of mortality in the US when compared to India where prevalence is less. Possible reason could be the vegetarian diet comprising spices used in curry powders. Researchers believe that 70% of the cases are associated with diet.

Colitis as the Sole Initial Presentation of Chronic Granulomatous Disease: Histopathologic Clues to Diagnosis.

Chronic granulomatous disease is a rare, inherited immunodeficiency disorder that reduces the superoxide generation ability of phagocytes, leading to recurrent infections and granulomatous inflammation. We report the case of a previously healthy 3-year-old boy who presented with classic features of Crohn disease. Suspicion from histopathologiclogic assessment allowed early diagnosis and treatment for chronic granulomatous disease before the onset of infections.

Triple osteotomy for the correction of severe hallux valgus deformity: Patient reported outcomes and radiological evaluation.

Background: Symptomatic Hallux valgus can be treated with metatarsal osteotomy combined with proximal phalangeal osteotomy, however this might not be sufficient to treat severe HV deformities.

Methods: Fifteen feet in eleven female patients treated with double first metatarsal and proximal phalanx osteotomies without lateral release were prospectively studied and outcome measures including radiological angles and validated patient reported outcome scores collected.

Results: Mean radiological follow up was 15 months and PROMs data 17 months.

Correlation of dental age, skeletal age, and chronological age among children aged 9-14 years: A retrospective study.

Background: Growth can be one of the most uncertain variations, but understanding the same is very important for diagnosis and treatment planning. Skeletal age and dental age have been used to determine a child's developmental age. Several researchers have evaluated the association between dental and skeletal maturity with chronologic age on different population.

Paragonimiasis in tuberculosis patients in Nagaland, India.

Background: One of the infections that mimic tuberculosis (TB) is paragonimiasis (PRG), a foodborne parasitic disease caused by lung flukes of the genus . In the northeastern states of India, TB and PRG are endemic; however, PRG is rarely included in the differential diagnosis of TB.

Objective: To address limited evidence on the dual burden of TB and PRG in northeastern India, we aimed to document the prevalence of PRG among TB patients using sputum smear, stool examination for children <15 years and ELISA.

Actual 10-year survivors following resection of adrenocortical carcinoma.

Background: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare and aggressive malignancy with limited therapeutic options beyond surgical resection. The characteristics of actual long-term survivors following surgical resection for ACC have not been previously reported.

Method: Patients who underwent resection for ACC at one of 13 academic institutions participating in the US Adrenocortical Carcinoma Group from 1993 to 2014 were analyzed.

Lymphadenectomy for Adrenocortical Carcinoma: Is There a Therapeutic Benefit?

Background: Lymph node metastasis is an established predictor of poor outcome for adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC); however, routine lymphadenectomy during surgical resection of ACC is not widely performed and its therapeutic role remains unclear.

Methods: Patients undergoing margin-negative resection for localized ACC were identified from a multi-institutional database. Patients were stratified into 2 groups based on the surgeon's effort or not to perform a lymphadenectomy as documented in the operative note.

Impact of changing indications and increased utilization of fetal echocardiography on prenatal detection of congenital heart disease.

Background: Antenatal diagnosis of congenital heart defects (CHD) can impact outcomes in neonates with severe CHD. Obstetric screening guidelines and the indications for fetal echocardiography (FE) have evolved in an attempt to improve the early prenatal detection of CHD. Analyzing yield for specific indications will help clinicians better stratify at-risk pregnancies.

Defining the Chance of Statistical Cure Among Patients with Extrahepatic Biliary Tract Cancer.

Background: While surgery offers the best curative-intent treatment, many patients with biliary tract malignancies have poor long-term outcomes. We sought to apply a non-mixture cure model to calculate the cure fraction and the time to cure after surgery of patients with peri-hilar cholangiocarcinoma (PHCC) or gallbladder cancer (GBC).

Methods: Using the Extrahepatic Biliary Malignancy Consortium, 576 patients who underwent curative-intent surgery for gallbladder carcinoma or peri-hilar cholangiocarcinoma between 1998 and 2014 at 10 major hepatobiliary institutions were identified and included in the analysis.

Rates and patterns of recurrence after curative intent resection for gallbladder cancer: a multi-institution analysis from the US Extra-hepatic Biliary Malignancy Consortium.

Background: Gallbladder cancer is a relatively rare malignancy. The current study aimed to define the incidence and patterns of recurrence following gallbladder cancer resection.

Methods: Using a multi-institutional cohort we identified 217 patient undergoing curative intent surgery for gallbladder cancer.

Deformable Registration of Biomedical Images Using 2D Hidden Markov Models.

Robust registration of unimodal and multimodal images is a key task in biomedical image analysis, and is often utilized as an initial step on which subsequent analysis techniques critically depend. We propose a novel probabilistic framework, based on a variant of the 2D hidden Markov model, namely, the turbo hidden Markov model, to capture the deformation between pairs of images. The hidden Markov model is tailored to capture spatial transformations across images via state transitions, and modality-specific data costs via emission probabilities.