Sensitivity to Environmental Stress and Adversity and Lung Cancer.

Importance: Sensitivity to environmental stress and adversity may influence lung cancer risk, highlighting a critical link between psychosocial factors and cancer etiology.

Objective: To evaluate whether genetically estimated sensitivity to environmental stress and adversity is associated with lung cancer risk.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Data were obtained from a genome-wide association study identifying 37 independent genetic variants strongly associated with sensitivity to environmental stress and adversity and a cross-ancestry genome-wide meta-analysis from the International Lung Cancer Consortium.

Molecular Imaging for Biomimetic Nanomedicine in Cancer Therapy: Current Insights and Challenges.

Coating biological membranes onto biomimetic nanocarriers improves biocompatibility, prolongs circulation, and enhances targeted delivery for cancer precision medicine. To better understand the biodistribution profiles of these biomimetic nanosystems, molecular imaging techniques, including optical imaging, radionuclide imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasound imaging, have been widely employed for in vivo tracking and dynamic imaging. Here in this review, we delve into the profound role of these imaging modalities in visualizing changes in the tumor microenvironment, particularly in monitoring oxygen consumption and immune response dynamics, highlighting their potential to improve cancer therapies.

Utilising Free Middle Turbinate Mucosal Grafts to Reconstruct the Septal Donor Site Following Nasoseptal Flap Harvesting in Endoscopic Endonasal Approach for Sellar and Parasellar Lesions.

Introduction: The nasoseptal flap (NSF) has become a widely favoured choice for reconstructing skull base defects following the endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA). However, the exposed septal cartilage and bone at the donor site often require an extended duration for secondary healing. This study investigated whether the free middle turbinate (MT) mucosa grafting at the septal donor site could mitigate post-operative nasal morbidity.

Difficulties in the diagnosis and treatment of axillary malignant triton tumors: A case report.

Malignant triton tumor (MTT), a subtype of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, is a rare soft-tissue sarcoma with a difficult diagnosis and poor prognosis. The course of MTT progression is rapid and the degree of malignancy is high. Patients with MTT can be treated with postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy; however, treatment results are still poor.

Realizing a 3C Fast-Charging Practical Sodium Pouch Cell.

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), endowed with relatively small Stokes radius and low desolvation energy for Na+, are reckoned as a promising candidate for fast-charging endeavors. However, the C-rate charging capability of practical energy-dense sodium-ion pouch cells is currently limited to ≤1C, due to the high propensity for detrimental metallic Na plating on the hard carbon (HC) anode at elevated rates. Here, an ampere-hour-level sodium-ion pouch cell capable of 3C charging is successfully developed via phosphorus (P)-sulfur (S) interphase chemistry.

Different Imaging Evaluating Performances Between Glymphatic System and Motor Symptoms and Levodopa Responsiveness of Parkinson Disease.

Background And Purpose: Parkinson disease (PD) is defined by its unique motor symptoms, where responsiveness to levodopa (L-DOPA) is fundamental for management. Recent research has highlighted a significant relationship between PD symptoms and glymphatic dysfunction. This study endeavors to clarify the connection between glymphatic system functionality and initial motor symptoms in PD, utilizing imaging biomarkers to determine its predictive capacity for L-DOPA responsiveness (LR).

Extraction of power transmission parameters from PT-symmetric waveguides.

The PT-symmetric waveguides have been frequently discussed in the photonics community due to their extraordinary properties. Especially, the study of power transmission is significant for switching applications. The aim of this study is to extract the mode power transmission parameters based on the coupled mode equations and analyze the power properties of the PT-symmetric system.

Programmable beam steering and quasi-continuous phase shift on a 2-bit terahertz coding metasurface with HEMT-switched multimodal modulation.

Terahertz reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) stand out from conventional phased arrays thanks to their unique electromagnetic properties and intelligent interconnect paradigms. They are a vital technology for terahertz wireless communication and radar detection systems. Compared with 1-bit coding metasurfaces, 2-bit coding metasurfaces offer significant advantages such as single beam steering and reduced quantization errors.

Disordered gold nanoislands-dielectric-metal plasmon reflector for polarization-sensitive color display, humidity sensor and optical memory.

The interaction between ultrafast, tightly focused lasers and materials has garnered significant interest owing to its distinctive properties. In this study, we present a versatile methodology for the fabrication of tunable plasmonic nanostructures by employing a disordered gold nanoisland-dielectric-metal configuration, achieved through femtosecond laser printing. By reshaping the gold nanoislands and reconfiguring them into nanograting-like structures, the orientation of these nanostructures is influenced by the polarization of the femtosecond laser light, leading to controllable plasmon resonance and polarization-sensitive color display.

Tailoring second harmonic generation in a multilayer WS flake via a silicon circular Bragg grating.

Nonlinear emission phenomena observed in transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have significantly advanced the development of robust nonlinear optical sources within two-dimensional materials. However, the intrinsic emission characteristics of TMDCs are inherently dependent on the specific material, which constrains their tunability for practical applications. In this study, we propose a strategy for the selective enhancement and modification of second-harmonic generation (SHG) emission in a multilayer WS flake through the implementation of a silicon (Si)-based circular Bragg grating (CBG) structure positioned on an Au/SiO substrate.

Compact single-shot multispectral polarization imager through joint spectral-polarization encoding.

The technique of spectral polarization imaging (SPI) is a potent detection tool in various fields due to its ability to capture multi-dimensional information. However, existing SPI systems usually face challenges associated with architectural complexity and computational requirements, rendering them unsuitable for handheld, on-board, and real-time applications. Consequently, a compact single-shot multispectral polarization imager (CSMPI) is proposed, which employs a combined spectral-polarization encoding strategy to address the aforementioned issues.

Gastrointestinal complications of hepatic glycogen storage disease: a national survey questionnaire study in China.

Background: Hepatic glycogen storage diseases (GSD) are inborn errors of metabolism with abnormal storage or utilization of glycogen, a complex disease with significant genetic heterogeneity and similar clinical manifestations. This study aimed to describe the gastrointestinal symptoms and endoscopic features of hepatic GSD, including types Ia, Ib, III, VI, and IX, to provide evidence for etiology and treatment.

Methods: A national cohort survey questionnaire was distributed to patients diagnosed with GSD type Ia, Ib, III, VI, and IX through genetic testing or their parents in mainland China in May 2022.

Peripheral nerves modulate the peri-implant osteogenesis under type 2 diabetes through exosomes derived from schwann cells via miR-15b-5p/Txnip signaling axis.

Studies have shown that the prognosis of dental implant treatment in patients with diabetes is not as good as that in the non-diabetes population. The nerve plays a crucial role in bone metabolism, but the role and the mechanism of peripheral nerves in regulating peri-implant osteogenesis under Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) situation remains unclear. In this study, it was shown that high glucose-stimulated Schwann cells (SCs) inhibited peri-implant osteogenesis via their exosomes.

Mortality and immunological indicators of men who have sex with men living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy: a 10-year retrospective cohort study in Southern China.

Background: The proportion of people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Guangxi who are men who have sex with men (MSM) increased rapidly to nearly 10% in 2023; notably, over 95% of this particular population is currently receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). This study aimed to describe the survival of MSM PLHIV, depict the characteristics and trends of changes in CD4 T cell counts, CD4/CD8 T cell ratio, and viral load, and explore immunological indicators that may be related to mortality during different stages of treatment.

Methods: Immunological indicators of MSM PLHIV receiving ART were extracted and categorized into baseline, mid-treatment, and last values.

3D N-heterocyclic covalent organic frameworks for urea photosynthesis from NH and CO.

Artificial photosynthesis of urea from NH and CO seems to remain still essentially unexplored. Herein, three isomorphic three-dimensional covalent organic frameworks with twofold interpenetrated ffc topology are functionalized by benzene, pyrazine, and tetrazine active moieties, respectively. A series of experiment results disclose the gradually enhanced conductivity, light-harvesting capacity, photogenerated carrier separation efficiency, and co-adsorption capacity towards NH and CO in the order of benzene-, pyrazine-, and tetrazine-containing framework.

Correlation Analysis Between the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index Hip Fracture in Male: Based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Database.

Hip fractures (HFs) are common in elderly patients and are associated with high mortality rates and functional impairment. Malnutrition has been shown to negatively impact postoperative survival rates in HF patients. However, the relationship between the Geriatric Nutrition Risk Index (GNRI) and the risk of HF remains unclear.

Flame retardancy and durability of cotton fabric modified with high-efficiency diboraspiro rings groups flame retardant.

The synthesis of highly efficient and environmentally friendly flame retardants through the synergistic interaction of boron, phosphorus and nitrogen is becoming a new research direction. In this study, N-DBSPA, a flame retardant with high flame retardancy, high thermal stability and high efficiency, was prepared by the reaction between pentaerythritol borate and amino trimethylene phosphate, and the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of the modified cotton fabric increased from 18 % to 44.7 % at a weight gain (WG) of 20.

Association between ambient temperature and couple fecundity: Insights from a large-scale cohort study in Yunnan, China.

Background: Direct evidence linking ambient temperature to human fecundity is sparse. We aimed to evaluate the potential impact of ambient temperature on time to pregnancy (TTP) and identify the optimal temperature range for initiating conception attempts.

Methods: Our analysis included 576 927 couples from the Chinese National Free Preconception Health Examination Project (NFPHEP) in Yunnan Province, with a one-year follow-up post-enrollment.

A Review of Bavachinin and Its Derivatives as Multi-therapeutic Agents.

Extracting natural active ingredients from plants is an effective way to develop and screen modern drugs. Psoralea corylifolia is a leguminous plant whose seeds have long been used as a Traditional Chinese Medicine to treat psoriasis, rheumatism, dermatitis, and other diseases. To date, several main compounds, including coumarins, flavonoids, monoterpene phenols, and benzofurans, have been identified from the seeds of Psoralea corylifolia.

Two-dimensional BiTeX crystals with persistent luminescence induced by photochemical reactions.

Two-dimensional (2D) materials are highly valued for their unique properties and potential applications, as they can display exotic behaviors differing from those of their bulk forms. Research on elementary and binary solids has been making great progress recently, while synthesizing multi-component 2D materials experimentally remains a challenge, despite the possibility of greatly extending the number of members of the 2D realm. In this study, we synthesized ternary BiTeX (X = Cl, Br, I) nanosheets with high crystallinity through an electrochemical exfoliation method.

Quinoa Ethanol Extract Ameliorates Cognitive Impairments Induced by Hypoxia in Mice: Insights into Antioxidant Defense and Gut Microbiome Modulation.

Quinoa, rich in pharmacologically active ingredients, possesses the potential benefit in preventing cognitive impairments induced by hypoxia. In this study, the efficacy of quinoa ethanol extracts (QEE) consumption (200 and 500 mg/kg/d, respectively) against hypobaric hypoxia (HH)-induced cognitive deficits in mice was investigated. QEE significantly ameliorated hypoxic stress induced by HH, as evidenced by improvements in baseline indices and reductions in hypoxia-inducible factor 1α levels.

PET-Based Dual-Modal Probes for In Vivo Imaging.

Molecular imaging has significantly advanced the detection and analysis of in vivo metabolic processes, while single-modal techniques remain limited. Dual-modal imaging, particularly positron emission tomography (PET)-based combinations has emerged as a powerful solution, offering enhanced capabilities through integration with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging. This review highlights recent progress in PET-based dual-modal imaging, focusing on the development of various bimodal probes derived from antibodies, nanoparticles, and peptides, and key applications including image-guided surgery and disease assessment.

Multi-source data recognition and fusion algorithm based on a two-layer genetic algorithm-back propagation model.

Traditional rainfall data collection mainly relies on rain buckets and meteorological data. It rarely considers the impact of sensor faults on measurement accuracy. To solve this problem, a two-layer genetic algorithm-backpropagation (GA-BP) model is proposed.

Utilization of a Solid Waste Inhibitor for the Clean Flotation Enrichment of Phosphate Ores.

The accumulation of phosphogypsum (PG) in the phosphorus chemical industry poses significant environmental challenges. Therefore, developing a harmless utilization method is crucial for alleviating these burdens and promoting sustainable industry practices. In this study, PG was used as a flotation inhibitor, enabling the flotation separation of apatite and dolomite based on the main components and dissolution behavior of PG.

Artificial Liver Support System Improves One-Year Prognosis of Patients With Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure.

Background & Aims: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a complex syndrome with limited treatment options. This study aims to investigate the impact of artificial liver support system (ALSS) on the one-year prognosis of patients with Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated ACLF.

Method: A retrospective study was conducted on 239 patients with HBV-ACLF in Nanfang Hospital from January 2016 to June 2021.